The political economy of AI: a content analysis of ChatGPT outputs and anti-Palestinian media bias
Palestine represents a site of digital occupation and a laboratory for the Israeli military–industrial–communications complex that entails collaboration between Israeli military, technology and academia. Considering the current popularity of generative artificial intelligence (AI) and the use of AI...
محفوظ في:
| المؤلف الرئيسي: | |
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| مؤلفون آخرون: | , |
| التنسيق: | article |
| منشور في: |
2026
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| الوصول للمادة أونلاين: | http://hdl.handle.net/10725/17706 https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2026.2614728 http://libraries.lau.edu.lb/research/laur/terms-of-use/articles.php https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01436597.2026.2614728 |
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| _version_ | 1864513475985801216 |
|---|---|
| author | King, Gretchen |
| author2 | Abbas, Dana Jegic, Denijal |
| author2_role | author author |
| author_facet | King, Gretchen Abbas, Dana Jegic, Denijal |
| author_role | author |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | King, Gretchen Abbas, Dana Jegic, Denijal |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv | 2026-02-19T07:07:27Z 2026-02-19T07:07:27Z 2026 2026 |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | 0143-6597 http://hdl.handle.net/10725/17706 https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2026.2614728 King, G., Abbas, D., & Jegić, D. (2026). The political economy of AI: a content analysis of ChatGPT outputs and anti-Palestinian media bias. Third World Quarterly, 1-18. http://libraries.lau.edu.lb/research/laur/terms-of-use/articles.php https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01436597.2026.2614728 |
| dc.language.none.fl_str_mv | en |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv | Third World Quarterly |
| dc.rights.*.fl_str_mv | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | The political economy of AI: a content analysis of ChatGPT outputs and anti-Palestinian media bias |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | Article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| description | Palestine represents a site of digital occupation and a laboratory for the Israeli military–industrial–communications complex that entails collaboration between Israeli military, technology and academia. Considering the current popularity of generative artificial intelligence (AI) and the use of AI in the genocide in Palestine, we investigate how generative AI platforms like ChatGPT are biased towards Palestinians, and how prompting in English and Arabic produces different biases towards Palestinians. A theoretical framework for analysing digital Orientalism is advanced through a historicisation of media imperialism, the military–industrial–communications complex and the political economy of AI in occupied Palestine. Grounded in research-based teaching methods, and employing a mixed-method content and frequency analysis and comparison of ChatGPT outputs in English and Arabic, this article expands research on AI biases, algorithmic oppression and digital divides within the context of digital Orientalism and anti-Palestinianism. We document an anti-Palestinian bias in AI-generated content in English and Arabic that is evident through biased language and the omission of historical and legal contexts, Palestinian human rights, Palestinians’ status as refugees and their right of return. ChatGPT-generated outputs reproduced Orientalist discourse and Israeli narratives entailing Nakba denial, further emphasising the urgency for critical digital media literacy on AI. |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| format | article |
| id | LAURepo_d123ccbd3f54ca0e8e5448415d5aeba9 |
| identifier_str_mv | 0143-6597 King, G., Abbas, D., & Jegić, D. (2026). The political economy of AI: a content analysis of ChatGPT outputs and anti-Palestinian media bias. Third World Quarterly, 1-18. |
| language_invalid_str_mv | en |
| network_acronym_str | LAURepo |
| network_name_str | Lebanese American University repository |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:laur.lau.edu.lb:10725/17706 |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv | |
| repository_id_str | |
| spelling | The political economy of AI: a content analysis of ChatGPT outputs and anti-Palestinian media biasKing, GretchenAbbas, DanaJegic, DenijalPalestine represents a site of digital occupation and a laboratory for the Israeli military–industrial–communications complex that entails collaboration between Israeli military, technology and academia. Considering the current popularity of generative artificial intelligence (AI) and the use of AI in the genocide in Palestine, we investigate how generative AI platforms like ChatGPT are biased towards Palestinians, and how prompting in English and Arabic produces different biases towards Palestinians. A theoretical framework for analysing digital Orientalism is advanced through a historicisation of media imperialism, the military–industrial–communications complex and the political economy of AI in occupied Palestine. Grounded in research-based teaching methods, and employing a mixed-method content and frequency analysis and comparison of ChatGPT outputs in English and Arabic, this article expands research on AI biases, algorithmic oppression and digital divides within the context of digital Orientalism and anti-Palestinianism. We document an anti-Palestinian bias in AI-generated content in English and Arabic that is evident through biased language and the omission of historical and legal contexts, Palestinian human rights, Palestinians’ status as refugees and their right of return. ChatGPT-generated outputs reproduced Orientalist discourse and Israeli narratives entailing Nakba denial, further emphasising the urgency for critical digital media literacy on AI.Published2026-02-19T07:07:27Z2026-02-19T07:07:27Z20262026Articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/article0143-6597http://hdl.handle.net/10725/17706https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2026.2614728King, G., Abbas, D., & Jegić, D. (2026). The political economy of AI: a content analysis of ChatGPT outputs and anti-Palestinian media bias. Third World Quarterly, 1-18.http://libraries.lau.edu.lb/research/laur/terms-of-use/articles.phphttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01436597.2026.2614728enThird World Quarterlyinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:laur.lau.edu.lb:10725/177062026-02-19T07:07:27Z |
| spellingShingle | The political economy of AI: a content analysis of ChatGPT outputs and anti-Palestinian media bias King, Gretchen |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | The political economy of AI: a content analysis of ChatGPT outputs and anti-Palestinian media bias |
| title_full | The political economy of AI: a content analysis of ChatGPT outputs and anti-Palestinian media bias |
| title_fullStr | The political economy of AI: a content analysis of ChatGPT outputs and anti-Palestinian media bias |
| title_full_unstemmed | The political economy of AI: a content analysis of ChatGPT outputs and anti-Palestinian media bias |
| title_short | The political economy of AI: a content analysis of ChatGPT outputs and anti-Palestinian media bias |
| title_sort | The political economy of AI: a content analysis of ChatGPT outputs and anti-Palestinian media bias |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/10725/17706 https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2026.2614728 http://libraries.lau.edu.lb/research/laur/terms-of-use/articles.php https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01436597.2026.2614728 |