Antihypertensive potential of <i>Brassica rapa</i> leaves: An in vitro and <i>in silico</i> approach
<h3>Aim</h3><p dir="ltr">Plants contain many essential constituents and their optimization can result in the discovery of new medicines. One such plant is<i> Brassica rapathat</i> is commonly used as a vegetable to fulfill daily food requirements worldwide. Th...
محفوظ في:
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| مؤلفون آخرون: | , , , , , |
| منشور في: |
2022
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| الموضوعات: | |
| الوسوم: |
إضافة وسم
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| _version_ | 1864513548208570368 |
|---|---|
| author | Rohma Abid (21383399) |
| author2 | Muhammad Islam (822884) Hamid Saeed (2504110) Abrar Ahmad (8537937) Fariha Imtiaz (12848460) Anam Yasmeen (21383402) Hassaan Anwer Rathore (11786475) |
| author2_role | author author author author author author |
| author_facet | Rohma Abid (21383399) Muhammad Islam (822884) Hamid Saeed (2504110) Abrar Ahmad (8537937) Fariha Imtiaz (12848460) Anam Yasmeen (21383402) Hassaan Anwer Rathore (11786475) |
| author_role | author |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Rohma Abid (21383399) Muhammad Islam (822884) Hamid Saeed (2504110) Abrar Ahmad (8537937) Fariha Imtiaz (12848460) Anam Yasmeen (21383402) Hassaan Anwer Rathore (11786475) |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv | 2022-09-30T09:00:00Z |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | 10.3389/fphar.2022.996755 |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv | https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Antihypertensive_potential_of_i_Brassica_rapa_i_leaves_An_in_vitro_and_i_in_silico_i_approach/29096696 |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | Biomedical and clinical sciences Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences Health sciences Traditional, complementary and integrative medicine Brassica rapa food antihypertensive action ACE inhibitor and molecular docking in silico |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | Antihypertensive potential of <i>Brassica rapa</i> leaves: An in vitro and <i>in silico</i> approach |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | Text Journal contribution info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion text contribution to journal |
| description | <h3>Aim</h3><p dir="ltr">Plants contain many essential constituents and their optimization can result in the discovery of new medicines. One such plant is<i> Brassica rapathat</i> is commonly used as a vegetable to fulfill daily food requirements worldwide. This study intends to screen the phytochemicals, antihypertensive potential, GC-MS, and <i>in silico </i>analysis of the leaves of <i>Brassica rapa.</i></p><h3>Methods</h3><p dir="ltr">Powdered leaves were subjected to proximate analysis followed by estimation of primary metabolites. Extracts were obtained by hot and cold extraction and investigated for secondary metabolites. All crude extracts were screened for their antihypertensive potential using an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition assay. GC-MS analysis was carried out to standardize the extract, and an antihypertensive metabolite was confirmed using an <i>in silico</i> approach.</p><h3>Results</h3><p dir="ltr">Physicochemical evaluation resulted in moisture content (9.10% ± 0.1), total ash value (18.10% ± 0.6), and extractive values (water 9.46% ± 0.5 and alcohol soluble 4.99% ± 0.1), while phytochemical investigation revealed primary metabolites (total proteins 11.90 mg/g ± 0.9; total fats 3.48 mg/g ± 0.5; and total carbohydrates 57.45 mg/g ± 1.2). Methanol extract showed the highest number of secondary metabolites including polyphenols 93.63 mg/g ± 0.6; flavonoids 259.13 mg/g ± 0.6; and polysaccharides 56.63 mg/g ± 1.4, while water extract (70 mg/g ± 2) was rich in glycosaponins. Methanol extract showed the highest antihypertensive potential by inhibiting ACE (79.39%) amongst all extracts, compared to the standard drug captopril, which inhibited 85.81%. Standardization of methanol extract <i>via</i> GC-MS analysis revealed potent phytoconstituents, and a molecular docking study confirmed that oleic acid is the main antihypertensive metabolite.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p dir="ltr">We conclude that leaves of <i>Brassica rapacan </i>successfully lower hypertension by inhibiting ACE, however; in vivo investigations are required to confirm this antihypertensive activity.</p><h2>Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: Frontiers in Pharmacology<br>License: <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2022.996755" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2022.996755</a></p> |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| id | Manara2_00d151145510f104591802edb8783afa |
| identifier_str_mv | 10.3389/fphar.2022.996755 |
| network_acronym_str | Manara2 |
| network_name_str | Manara2 |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:figshare.com:article/29096696 |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv | |
| repository_id_str | |
| rights_invalid_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 |
| spelling | Antihypertensive potential of <i>Brassica rapa</i> leaves: An in vitro and <i>in silico</i> approachRohma Abid (21383399)Muhammad Islam (822884)Hamid Saeed (2504110)Abrar Ahmad (8537937)Fariha Imtiaz (12848460)Anam Yasmeen (21383402)Hassaan Anwer Rathore (11786475)Biomedical and clinical sciencesPharmacology and pharmaceutical sciencesHealth sciencesTraditional, complementary and integrative medicineBrassica rapafoodantihypertensive actionACE inhibitor and molecular dockingin silico<h3>Aim</h3><p dir="ltr">Plants contain many essential constituents and their optimization can result in the discovery of new medicines. One such plant is<i> Brassica rapathat</i> is commonly used as a vegetable to fulfill daily food requirements worldwide. This study intends to screen the phytochemicals, antihypertensive potential, GC-MS, and <i>in silico </i>analysis of the leaves of <i>Brassica rapa.</i></p><h3>Methods</h3><p dir="ltr">Powdered leaves were subjected to proximate analysis followed by estimation of primary metabolites. Extracts were obtained by hot and cold extraction and investigated for secondary metabolites. All crude extracts were screened for their antihypertensive potential using an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition assay. GC-MS analysis was carried out to standardize the extract, and an antihypertensive metabolite was confirmed using an <i>in silico</i> approach.</p><h3>Results</h3><p dir="ltr">Physicochemical evaluation resulted in moisture content (9.10% ± 0.1), total ash value (18.10% ± 0.6), and extractive values (water 9.46% ± 0.5 and alcohol soluble 4.99% ± 0.1), while phytochemical investigation revealed primary metabolites (total proteins 11.90 mg/g ± 0.9; total fats 3.48 mg/g ± 0.5; and total carbohydrates 57.45 mg/g ± 1.2). Methanol extract showed the highest number of secondary metabolites including polyphenols 93.63 mg/g ± 0.6; flavonoids 259.13 mg/g ± 0.6; and polysaccharides 56.63 mg/g ± 1.4, while water extract (70 mg/g ± 2) was rich in glycosaponins. Methanol extract showed the highest antihypertensive potential by inhibiting ACE (79.39%) amongst all extracts, compared to the standard drug captopril, which inhibited 85.81%. Standardization of methanol extract <i>via</i> GC-MS analysis revealed potent phytoconstituents, and a molecular docking study confirmed that oleic acid is the main antihypertensive metabolite.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p dir="ltr">We conclude that leaves of <i>Brassica rapacan </i>successfully lower hypertension by inhibiting ACE, however; in vivo investigations are required to confirm this antihypertensive activity.</p><h2>Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: Frontiers in Pharmacology<br>License: <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2022.996755" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2022.996755</a></p>2022-09-30T09:00:00ZTextJournal contributioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontextcontribution to journal10.3389/fphar.2022.996755https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Antihypertensive_potential_of_i_Brassica_rapa_i_leaves_An_in_vitro_and_i_in_silico_i_approach/29096696CC BY 4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:figshare.com:article/290966962022-09-30T09:00:00Z |
| spellingShingle | Antihypertensive potential of <i>Brassica rapa</i> leaves: An in vitro and <i>in silico</i> approach Rohma Abid (21383399) Biomedical and clinical sciences Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences Health sciences Traditional, complementary and integrative medicine Brassica rapa food antihypertensive action ACE inhibitor and molecular docking in silico |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | Antihypertensive potential of <i>Brassica rapa</i> leaves: An in vitro and <i>in silico</i> approach |
| title_full | Antihypertensive potential of <i>Brassica rapa</i> leaves: An in vitro and <i>in silico</i> approach |
| title_fullStr | Antihypertensive potential of <i>Brassica rapa</i> leaves: An in vitro and <i>in silico</i> approach |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antihypertensive potential of <i>Brassica rapa</i> leaves: An in vitro and <i>in silico</i> approach |
| title_short | Antihypertensive potential of <i>Brassica rapa</i> leaves: An in vitro and <i>in silico</i> approach |
| title_sort | Antihypertensive potential of <i>Brassica rapa</i> leaves: An in vitro and <i>in silico</i> approach |
| topic | Biomedical and clinical sciences Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences Health sciences Traditional, complementary and integrative medicine Brassica rapa food antihypertensive action ACE inhibitor and molecular docking in silico |