Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Treatment: Promising Future Prospects
<div><p>Immunotherapy has emerged as the fifth pillar of cancer treatment alongside surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are the current superheroes of immunotherapy, unleashing a patient’s own immune cells to kill tumors and revolutioni...
محفوظ في:
| المؤلف الرئيسي: | |
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| مؤلفون آخرون: | , |
| منشور في: |
2021
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| الموضوعات: | |
| الوسوم: |
إضافة وسم
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| _version_ | 1864513517832372224 |
|---|---|
| author | Remy Thomas (702843) |
| author2 | Ghaneya Al-Khadairi (14153274) Julie Decock (44558) |
| author2_role | author author |
| author_facet | Remy Thomas (702843) Ghaneya Al-Khadairi (14153274) Julie Decock (44558) |
| author_role | author |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Remy Thomas (702843) Ghaneya Al-Khadairi (14153274) Julie Decock (44558) |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv | 2021-02-25T03:00:00Z |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | 10.3389/fonc.2020.600573 |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv | https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Immune_Checkpoint_Inhibitors_in_Triple_Negative_Breast_Cancer_Treatment_Promising_Future_Prospects/25709841 |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | Biomedical and clinical sciences Immunology Oncology and carcinogenesis triple negative breast cancer immune checkpoint blockade predictive biomarkers tumor mutational burden tumor infiltrating lymphocytes combination therapy programmed death-1 (PD-1) programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Treatment: Promising Future Prospects |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | Text Journal contribution info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion text contribution to journal |
| description | <div><p>Immunotherapy has emerged as the fifth pillar of cancer treatment alongside surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are the current superheroes of immunotherapy, unleashing a patient’s own immune cells to kill tumors and revolutionizing cancer treatment in a variety of cancers. Although breast cancer was historically believed to be immunologically silent, treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors has been shown to induce modest responses in metastatic breast cancer. Given the inherent heterogeneity of breast tumors, this raised the question whether certain breast tumors might benefit more from immune-based interventions and which cancer cell-intrinsic and/or microenvironmental factors define the likelihood of inducing a potent and durable anti-tumor immune response. In this review, we will focus on triple negative breast cancer as immunogenic breast cancer subtype, and specifically discuss the relevance of tumor mutational burden, the plethora and diversity of tumor infiltrating immune cells in addition to the immunoscore, the presence of immune checkpoint expression, and the microbiome in defining immune checkpoint blockade response. We will highlight the current immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment options, either as monotherapy or in combination with standard-of-care treatment modalities such as chemotherapy and targeted therapy. In addition, we will look into the potential of immunotherapy-based combination strategies using immune checkpoint inhibitors to enhance both innate and adaptive immune responses, or to establish a more immune favorable environment for cancer vaccines. Finally, the review will address the need for unambiguous predictive biomarkers as one of the main challenges of immune checkpoint blockade. To conclude, the potential of immune checkpoint blockade for triple negative breast cancer treatment could be enhanced by exploration of aforementioned factors and treatment strategies thereby providing promising future prospects.</p><p> </p></div><h2>Other Information</h2> <p> Published in: Frontiers in Oncology<br> License: <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2020.600573" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2020.600573</a></p> |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| id | Manara2_294fb8b68702ba14d4dab5d834aff7e8 |
| identifier_str_mv | 10.3389/fonc.2020.600573 |
| network_acronym_str | Manara2 |
| network_name_str | Manara2 |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:figshare.com:article/25709841 |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv | |
| repository_id_str | |
| rights_invalid_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 |
| spelling | Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Treatment: Promising Future ProspectsRemy Thomas (702843)Ghaneya Al-Khadairi (14153274)Julie Decock (44558)Biomedical and clinical sciencesImmunologyOncology and carcinogenesistriple negative breast cancerimmune checkpoint blockadepredictive biomarkerstumor mutational burdentumor infiltrating lymphocytescombination therapyprogrammed death-1 (PD-1)programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1)<div><p>Immunotherapy has emerged as the fifth pillar of cancer treatment alongside surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are the current superheroes of immunotherapy, unleashing a patient’s own immune cells to kill tumors and revolutionizing cancer treatment in a variety of cancers. Although breast cancer was historically believed to be immunologically silent, treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors has been shown to induce modest responses in metastatic breast cancer. Given the inherent heterogeneity of breast tumors, this raised the question whether certain breast tumors might benefit more from immune-based interventions and which cancer cell-intrinsic and/or microenvironmental factors define the likelihood of inducing a potent and durable anti-tumor immune response. In this review, we will focus on triple negative breast cancer as immunogenic breast cancer subtype, and specifically discuss the relevance of tumor mutational burden, the plethora and diversity of tumor infiltrating immune cells in addition to the immunoscore, the presence of immune checkpoint expression, and the microbiome in defining immune checkpoint blockade response. We will highlight the current immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment options, either as monotherapy or in combination with standard-of-care treatment modalities such as chemotherapy and targeted therapy. In addition, we will look into the potential of immunotherapy-based combination strategies using immune checkpoint inhibitors to enhance both innate and adaptive immune responses, or to establish a more immune favorable environment for cancer vaccines. Finally, the review will address the need for unambiguous predictive biomarkers as one of the main challenges of immune checkpoint blockade. To conclude, the potential of immune checkpoint blockade for triple negative breast cancer treatment could be enhanced by exploration of aforementioned factors and treatment strategies thereby providing promising future prospects.</p><p> </p></div><h2>Other Information</h2> <p> Published in: Frontiers in Oncology<br> License: <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2020.600573" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2020.600573</a></p>2021-02-25T03:00:00ZTextJournal contributioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontextcontribution to journal10.3389/fonc.2020.600573https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Immune_Checkpoint_Inhibitors_in_Triple_Negative_Breast_Cancer_Treatment_Promising_Future_Prospects/25709841CC BY 4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:figshare.com:article/257098412021-02-25T03:00:00Z |
| spellingShingle | Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Treatment: Promising Future Prospects Remy Thomas (702843) Biomedical and clinical sciences Immunology Oncology and carcinogenesis triple negative breast cancer immune checkpoint blockade predictive biomarkers tumor mutational burden tumor infiltrating lymphocytes combination therapy programmed death-1 (PD-1) programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Treatment: Promising Future Prospects |
| title_full | Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Treatment: Promising Future Prospects |
| title_fullStr | Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Treatment: Promising Future Prospects |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Treatment: Promising Future Prospects |
| title_short | Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Treatment: Promising Future Prospects |
| title_sort | Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Treatment: Promising Future Prospects |
| topic | Biomedical and clinical sciences Immunology Oncology and carcinogenesis triple negative breast cancer immune checkpoint blockade predictive biomarkers tumor mutational burden tumor infiltrating lymphocytes combination therapy programmed death-1 (PD-1) programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) |