Aspirin inhibition and recovery of cyclooxygenase activity and thromboxane biosynthesis in human megakaryocytes: a translational surrogate model

<p dir="ltr">Low-dose aspirin irreversibly acetylates cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 in anucleate platelets and progenitor megakaryocytes, permanently suppressing thromboxane (TX)A<sub>2</sub>-dependent platelet activation. Although aspirin pharmacodynamics is well characterized...

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Main Author: Zahraa I. Mallah (23125621) (author)
Other Authors: Giovanna Petrucci (268797) (author), Abeer J. Ayoub (9449147) (author), Mohammad A. Farhoud (23125624) (author), Joseph G. Jelwan (23125627) (author), Sara Lucchisani (23125630) (author), Adham K. Fakih (23125633) (author), Bassam Badran (215585) (author), Eva Hamade (584190) (author), Carlo Patrono (15106379) (author), Bianca Rocca (6330692) (author), Aida Habib (6686057) (author)
Published: 2025
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author Zahraa I. Mallah (23125621)
author2 Giovanna Petrucci (268797)
Abeer J. Ayoub (9449147)
Mohammad A. Farhoud (23125624)
Joseph G. Jelwan (23125627)
Sara Lucchisani (23125630)
Adham K. Fakih (23125633)
Bassam Badran (215585)
Eva Hamade (584190)
Carlo Patrono (15106379)
Bianca Rocca (6330692)
Aida Habib (6686057)
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author_facet Zahraa I. Mallah (23125621)
Giovanna Petrucci (268797)
Abeer J. Ayoub (9449147)
Mohammad A. Farhoud (23125624)
Joseph G. Jelwan (23125627)
Sara Lucchisani (23125630)
Adham K. Fakih (23125633)
Bassam Badran (215585)
Eva Hamade (584190)
Carlo Patrono (15106379)
Bianca Rocca (6330692)
Aida Habib (6686057)
author_role author
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Zahraa I. Mallah (23125621)
Giovanna Petrucci (268797)
Abeer J. Ayoub (9449147)
Mohammad A. Farhoud (23125624)
Joseph G. Jelwan (23125627)
Sara Lucchisani (23125630)
Adham K. Fakih (23125633)
Bassam Badran (215585)
Eva Hamade (584190)
Carlo Patrono (15106379)
Bianca Rocca (6330692)
Aida Habib (6686057)
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025-11-20T15:00:00Z
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv 10.1016/j.jpet.2025.103762
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Aspirin_inhibition_and_recovery_of_cyclooxygenase_activity_and_thromboxane_biosynthesis_in_human_megakaryocytes_a_translational_surrogate_model/31240438
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv CC BY 4.0
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Biomedical and clinical sciences
Cardiovascular medicine and haematology
Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences
Megakaryocytes
Cyclooxygenase-1
Thromboxane
Aspirin
Platelets
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Aspirin inhibition and recovery of cyclooxygenase activity and thromboxane biosynthesis in human megakaryocytes: a translational surrogate model
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv Text
Journal contribution
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
text
contribution to journal
description <p dir="ltr">Low-dose aspirin irreversibly acetylates cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 in anucleate platelets and progenitor megakaryocytes, permanently suppressing thromboxane (TX)A<sub>2</sub>-dependent platelet activation. Although aspirin pharmacodynamics is well characterized in platelets, the kinetics of COX inhibition and recovery in human megakaryocytes remains poorly defined, due to ethical issues associated with invasive, bone-marrow trephine sampling, and low megakaryocyte yield. We studied aspirin pharmacodynamics in human megakaryocytic cell lines as a reliable and feasible surrogate model. We characterized COX-1 and COX-2 expression and activity in MEG-01 and CHRF-288-11 megakaryocytic cell lines, treated with a range of aspirin concentrations and exposure duration. COX activity was quantified by the production of TXB<sub>2</sub> from exogenous arachidonic acid. A single 10-μM aspirin exposure suppressed TXB<sub>2</sub> by 90 ± 2% (MEG-01) and 85 ± 4% (CHRF-288-11), with full recovery within 48–72 hours. Both COX-isozymes were detected by western blot and immunohistochemistry; however, selective COX-1 inhibition by SC-560 reduced TXB2 by >75%, whereas COX-2 inhibition by NS-398 had minimal effect. Repeated aspirin exposure every 24 hours produced concentration- and time-dependent TXB<sub>2</sub> suppression, achieving 89 ± 2% inhibition by day 2 at 1 μM and 73 ± 3% by day 4 at 0.1 μM. TXB2 biosynthesis recovered by 86 ± 2% and 99 ± 10% at days 2 and 3, respectively. These findings identify COX-1 as the principal source of TXA<sub>2</sub> in megakaryocytes and demonstrate that aspirin inhibits megakaryocyte COX-1 time- and dose-dependently, with delayed recovery likely reflecting de <i>novo </i>synthesis of COX-1 protein, thereby providing mechanistic insight into the sustained antiplatelet effect of low-dose aspirin in humans. Significance Statement In human megakaryocyte cell lines, once-daily aspirin treatment at low-concentration range time-dependently inhibits COX-1 with delayed recovery after aspirin withdrawal. This closely mimics the kinetics of platelets, supporting the translational utility of the megakaryocyte-based surrogate model.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics<br>License: <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpet.2025.103762" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpet.2025.103762</a></p>
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network_acronym_str Manara2
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oai_identifier_str oai:figshare.com:article/31240438
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spelling Aspirin inhibition and recovery of cyclooxygenase activity and thromboxane biosynthesis in human megakaryocytes: a translational surrogate modelZahraa I. Mallah (23125621)Giovanna Petrucci (268797)Abeer J. Ayoub (9449147)Mohammad A. Farhoud (23125624)Joseph G. Jelwan (23125627)Sara Lucchisani (23125630)Adham K. Fakih (23125633)Bassam Badran (215585)Eva Hamade (584190)Carlo Patrono (15106379)Bianca Rocca (6330692)Aida Habib (6686057)Biomedical and clinical sciencesCardiovascular medicine and haematologyPharmacology and pharmaceutical sciencesMegakaryocytesCyclooxygenase-1ThromboxaneAspirinPlatelets<p dir="ltr">Low-dose aspirin irreversibly acetylates cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 in anucleate platelets and progenitor megakaryocytes, permanently suppressing thromboxane (TX)A<sub>2</sub>-dependent platelet activation. Although aspirin pharmacodynamics is well characterized in platelets, the kinetics of COX inhibition and recovery in human megakaryocytes remains poorly defined, due to ethical issues associated with invasive, bone-marrow trephine sampling, and low megakaryocyte yield. We studied aspirin pharmacodynamics in human megakaryocytic cell lines as a reliable and feasible surrogate model. We characterized COX-1 and COX-2 expression and activity in MEG-01 and CHRF-288-11 megakaryocytic cell lines, treated with a range of aspirin concentrations and exposure duration. COX activity was quantified by the production of TXB<sub>2</sub> from exogenous arachidonic acid. A single 10-μM aspirin exposure suppressed TXB<sub>2</sub> by 90 ± 2% (MEG-01) and 85 ± 4% (CHRF-288-11), with full recovery within 48–72 hours. Both COX-isozymes were detected by western blot and immunohistochemistry; however, selective COX-1 inhibition by SC-560 reduced TXB2 by >75%, whereas COX-2 inhibition by NS-398 had minimal effect. Repeated aspirin exposure every 24 hours produced concentration- and time-dependent TXB<sub>2</sub> suppression, achieving 89 ± 2% inhibition by day 2 at 1 μM and 73 ± 3% by day 4 at 0.1 μM. TXB2 biosynthesis recovered by 86 ± 2% and 99 ± 10% at days 2 and 3, respectively. These findings identify COX-1 as the principal source of TXA<sub>2</sub> in megakaryocytes and demonstrate that aspirin inhibits megakaryocyte COX-1 time- and dose-dependently, with delayed recovery likely reflecting de <i>novo </i>synthesis of COX-1 protein, thereby providing mechanistic insight into the sustained antiplatelet effect of low-dose aspirin in humans. Significance Statement In human megakaryocyte cell lines, once-daily aspirin treatment at low-concentration range time-dependently inhibits COX-1 with delayed recovery after aspirin withdrawal. This closely mimics the kinetics of platelets, supporting the translational utility of the megakaryocyte-based surrogate model.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics<br>License: <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpet.2025.103762" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpet.2025.103762</a></p>2025-11-20T15:00:00ZTextJournal contributioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontextcontribution to journal10.1016/j.jpet.2025.103762https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Aspirin_inhibition_and_recovery_of_cyclooxygenase_activity_and_thromboxane_biosynthesis_in_human_megakaryocytes_a_translational_surrogate_model/31240438CC BY 4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:figshare.com:article/312404382025-11-20T15:00:00Z
spellingShingle Aspirin inhibition and recovery of cyclooxygenase activity and thromboxane biosynthesis in human megakaryocytes: a translational surrogate model
Zahraa I. Mallah (23125621)
Biomedical and clinical sciences
Cardiovascular medicine and haematology
Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences
Megakaryocytes
Cyclooxygenase-1
Thromboxane
Aspirin
Platelets
status_str publishedVersion
title Aspirin inhibition and recovery of cyclooxygenase activity and thromboxane biosynthesis in human megakaryocytes: a translational surrogate model
title_full Aspirin inhibition and recovery of cyclooxygenase activity and thromboxane biosynthesis in human megakaryocytes: a translational surrogate model
title_fullStr Aspirin inhibition and recovery of cyclooxygenase activity and thromboxane biosynthesis in human megakaryocytes: a translational surrogate model
title_full_unstemmed Aspirin inhibition and recovery of cyclooxygenase activity and thromboxane biosynthesis in human megakaryocytes: a translational surrogate model
title_short Aspirin inhibition and recovery of cyclooxygenase activity and thromboxane biosynthesis in human megakaryocytes: a translational surrogate model
title_sort Aspirin inhibition and recovery of cyclooxygenase activity and thromboxane biosynthesis in human megakaryocytes: a translational surrogate model
topic Biomedical and clinical sciences
Cardiovascular medicine and haematology
Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences
Megakaryocytes
Cyclooxygenase-1
Thromboxane
Aspirin
Platelets