Relativistic quantum-speed limit for Gaussian systems and prospective experimental verification
<p dir="ltr">Timing and phase resolution in satellite QKD, kilometre-scale gravitational-wave detectors, and space-borne clock networks hinge on quantum–speed limits (QSLs), yet benchmarks omit relativistic effects for coherent and squeezed probes. We derive first-order relativistic...
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| مؤلفون آخرون: | , , |
| منشور في: |
2025
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| _version_ | 1864513521304207360 |
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| author | Salman Sajad Wani (19274419) |
| author2 | Aatif Kaisar Khan (19274410) Saif Al-Kuwari (16904610) Mir Faizal (17473407) |
| author2_role | author author author |
| author_facet | Salman Sajad Wani (19274419) Aatif Kaisar Khan (19274410) Saif Al-Kuwari (16904610) Mir Faizal (17473407) |
| author_role | author |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Salman Sajad Wani (19274419) Aatif Kaisar Khan (19274410) Saif Al-Kuwari (16904610) Mir Faizal (17473407) |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv | 2025-11-25T18:00:00Z |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | 10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131147 |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv | https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Relativistic_quantum-speed_limit_for_Gaussian_systems_and_prospective_experimental_verification/32075358 |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | Mathematical sciences Mathematical physics Physical sciences Quantum physics Quantum speed limit Relativistic corrections (Foldy-Wouthuysen expansion) Quantum metrology Balanced homodyne detection Gaussian states |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | Relativistic quantum-speed limit for Gaussian systems and prospective experimental verification |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | Text Journal contribution info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion text contribution to journal |
| description | <p dir="ltr">Timing and phase resolution in satellite QKD, kilometre-scale gravitational-wave detectors, and space-borne clock networks hinge on quantum–speed limits (QSLs), yet benchmarks omit relativistic effects for coherent and squeezed probes. We derive first-order relativistic corrections to the Mandelstam–Tamm and Margolus–Levitin bounds. Starting from the Foldy–Wouthuysen expansion and treating − <i>p</i><sup><em>4</em></sup><i> </i>/ ( 8<i>m</i><sup><em>3</em></sup><i> c</i><sup><em>2</em></sup> ) as a harmonic-oscillator perturbation, we propagate Gaussian states to obtain closed-form QSLs and the quantum Cramér–Rao bound. Relativistic kinematics slow evolution in an amplitude- and squeezing-dependent way, increase both bounds, and introduce an <i>ϵ</i><sup><em>2</em></sup><i> t</i><sup><em>2</em></sup> phase drift that weakens timing sensitivity while modestly increasing the squeeze factor. A single electron ( ϵ ≈ 1.5 × 10<sup>−10 </sup>) in a 5.4 T Penning trap, read out with 149 GHz quantum-limited balanced homodyne, should reveal this drift within ∼ 15 min — within known hold times. These results benchmark relativistic corrections in continuous-variable systems and point to an accessible test of the quantum speed limit in high-velocity or strong-field regimes.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: Physics Letters A<br>License: <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131147" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131147</a></p> |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| id | Manara2_4818c4e6b16632f9e17d9ba10fd624c3 |
| identifier_str_mv | 10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131147 |
| network_acronym_str | Manara2 |
| network_name_str | Manara2 |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:figshare.com:article/32075358 |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv | |
| repository_id_str | |
| rights_invalid_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 |
| spelling | Relativistic quantum-speed limit for Gaussian systems and prospective experimental verificationSalman Sajad Wani (19274419)Aatif Kaisar Khan (19274410)Saif Al-Kuwari (16904610)Mir Faizal (17473407)Mathematical sciencesMathematical physicsPhysical sciencesQuantum physicsQuantum speed limitRelativistic corrections (Foldy-Wouthuysen expansion)Quantum metrologyBalanced homodyne detectionGaussian states<p dir="ltr">Timing and phase resolution in satellite QKD, kilometre-scale gravitational-wave detectors, and space-borne clock networks hinge on quantum–speed limits (QSLs), yet benchmarks omit relativistic effects for coherent and squeezed probes. We derive first-order relativistic corrections to the Mandelstam–Tamm and Margolus–Levitin bounds. Starting from the Foldy–Wouthuysen expansion and treating − <i>p</i><sup><em>4</em></sup><i> </i>/ ( 8<i>m</i><sup><em>3</em></sup><i> c</i><sup><em>2</em></sup> ) as a harmonic-oscillator perturbation, we propagate Gaussian states to obtain closed-form QSLs and the quantum Cramér–Rao bound. Relativistic kinematics slow evolution in an amplitude- and squeezing-dependent way, increase both bounds, and introduce an <i>ϵ</i><sup><em>2</em></sup><i> t</i><sup><em>2</em></sup> phase drift that weakens timing sensitivity while modestly increasing the squeeze factor. A single electron ( ϵ ≈ 1.5 × 10<sup>−10 </sup>) in a 5.4 T Penning trap, read out with 149 GHz quantum-limited balanced homodyne, should reveal this drift within ∼ 15 min — within known hold times. These results benchmark relativistic corrections in continuous-variable systems and point to an accessible test of the quantum speed limit in high-velocity or strong-field regimes.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: Physics Letters A<br>License: <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131147" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131147</a></p>2025-11-25T18:00:00ZTextJournal contributioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontextcontribution to journal10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131147https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Relativistic_quantum-speed_limit_for_Gaussian_systems_and_prospective_experimental_verification/32075358CC BY 4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:figshare.com:article/320753582025-11-25T18:00:00Z |
| spellingShingle | Relativistic quantum-speed limit for Gaussian systems and prospective experimental verification Salman Sajad Wani (19274419) Mathematical sciences Mathematical physics Physical sciences Quantum physics Quantum speed limit Relativistic corrections (Foldy-Wouthuysen expansion) Quantum metrology Balanced homodyne detection Gaussian states |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | Relativistic quantum-speed limit for Gaussian systems and prospective experimental verification |
| title_full | Relativistic quantum-speed limit for Gaussian systems and prospective experimental verification |
| title_fullStr | Relativistic quantum-speed limit for Gaussian systems and prospective experimental verification |
| title_full_unstemmed | Relativistic quantum-speed limit for Gaussian systems and prospective experimental verification |
| title_short | Relativistic quantum-speed limit for Gaussian systems and prospective experimental verification |
| title_sort | Relativistic quantum-speed limit for Gaussian systems and prospective experimental verification |
| topic | Mathematical sciences Mathematical physics Physical sciences Quantum physics Quantum speed limit Relativistic corrections (Foldy-Wouthuysen expansion) Quantum metrology Balanced homodyne detection Gaussian states |