Relativistic quantum-speed limit for Gaussian systems and prospective experimental verification

<p dir="ltr">Timing and phase resolution in satellite QKD, kilometre-scale gravitational-wave detectors, and space-borne clock networks hinge on quantum–speed limits (QSLs), yet benchmarks omit relativistic effects for coherent and squeezed probes. We derive first-order relativistic...

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محفوظ في:
التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
المؤلف الرئيسي: Salman Sajad Wani (19274419) (author)
مؤلفون آخرون: Aatif Kaisar Khan (19274410) (author), Saif Al-Kuwari (16904610) (author), Mir Faizal (17473407) (author)
منشور في: 2025
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الوسوم: إضافة وسم
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author Salman Sajad Wani (19274419)
author2 Aatif Kaisar Khan (19274410)
Saif Al-Kuwari (16904610)
Mir Faizal (17473407)
author2_role author
author
author
author_facet Salman Sajad Wani (19274419)
Aatif Kaisar Khan (19274410)
Saif Al-Kuwari (16904610)
Mir Faizal (17473407)
author_role author
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Salman Sajad Wani (19274419)
Aatif Kaisar Khan (19274410)
Saif Al-Kuwari (16904610)
Mir Faizal (17473407)
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025-11-25T18:00:00Z
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv 10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131147
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Relativistic_quantum-speed_limit_for_Gaussian_systems_and_prospective_experimental_verification/32075358
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv CC BY 4.0
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Mathematical sciences
Mathematical physics
Physical sciences
Quantum physics
Quantum speed limit
Relativistic corrections (Foldy-Wouthuysen expansion)
Quantum metrology
Balanced homodyne detection
Gaussian states
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Relativistic quantum-speed limit for Gaussian systems and prospective experimental verification
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv Text
Journal contribution
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
text
contribution to journal
description <p dir="ltr">Timing and phase resolution in satellite QKD, kilometre-scale gravitational-wave detectors, and space-borne clock networks hinge on quantum–speed limits (QSLs), yet benchmarks omit relativistic effects for coherent and squeezed probes. We derive first-order relativistic corrections to the Mandelstam–Tamm and Margolus–Levitin bounds. Starting from the Foldy–Wouthuysen expansion and treating − <i>p</i><sup><em>4</em></sup><i> </i>/ ( 8<i>m</i><sup><em>3</em></sup><i> c</i><sup><em>2</em></sup> ) as a harmonic-oscillator perturbation, we propagate Gaussian states to obtain closed-form QSLs and the quantum Cramér–Rao bound. Relativistic kinematics slow evolution in an amplitude- and squeezing-dependent way, increase both bounds, and introduce an <i>ϵ</i><sup><em>2</em></sup><i> t</i><sup><em>2</em></sup> phase drift that weakens timing sensitivity while modestly increasing the squeeze factor. A single electron ( ϵ ≈ 1.5 × 10<sup>−10 </sup>) in a 5.4 T Penning trap, read out with 149 GHz quantum-limited balanced homodyne, should reveal this drift within ∼ 15 min — within known hold times. These results benchmark relativistic corrections in continuous-variable systems and point to an accessible test of the quantum speed limit in high-velocity or strong-field regimes.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: Physics Letters A<br>License: <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131147" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131147</a></p>
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network_acronym_str Manara2
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oai_identifier_str oai:figshare.com:article/32075358
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spelling Relativistic quantum-speed limit for Gaussian systems and prospective experimental verificationSalman Sajad Wani (19274419)Aatif Kaisar Khan (19274410)Saif Al-Kuwari (16904610)Mir Faizal (17473407)Mathematical sciencesMathematical physicsPhysical sciencesQuantum physicsQuantum speed limitRelativistic corrections (Foldy-Wouthuysen expansion)Quantum metrologyBalanced homodyne detectionGaussian states<p dir="ltr">Timing and phase resolution in satellite QKD, kilometre-scale gravitational-wave detectors, and space-borne clock networks hinge on quantum–speed limits (QSLs), yet benchmarks omit relativistic effects for coherent and squeezed probes. We derive first-order relativistic corrections to the Mandelstam–Tamm and Margolus–Levitin bounds. Starting from the Foldy–Wouthuysen expansion and treating − <i>p</i><sup><em>4</em></sup><i> </i>/ ( 8<i>m</i><sup><em>3</em></sup><i> c</i><sup><em>2</em></sup> ) as a harmonic-oscillator perturbation, we propagate Gaussian states to obtain closed-form QSLs and the quantum Cramér–Rao bound. Relativistic kinematics slow evolution in an amplitude- and squeezing-dependent way, increase both bounds, and introduce an <i>ϵ</i><sup><em>2</em></sup><i> t</i><sup><em>2</em></sup> phase drift that weakens timing sensitivity while modestly increasing the squeeze factor. A single electron ( ϵ ≈ 1.5 × 10<sup>−10 </sup>) in a 5.4 T Penning trap, read out with 149 GHz quantum-limited balanced homodyne, should reveal this drift within ∼ 15 min — within known hold times. These results benchmark relativistic corrections in continuous-variable systems and point to an accessible test of the quantum speed limit in high-velocity or strong-field regimes.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: Physics Letters A<br>License: <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131147" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131147</a></p>2025-11-25T18:00:00ZTextJournal contributioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontextcontribution to journal10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131147https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Relativistic_quantum-speed_limit_for_Gaussian_systems_and_prospective_experimental_verification/32075358CC BY 4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:figshare.com:article/320753582025-11-25T18:00:00Z
spellingShingle Relativistic quantum-speed limit for Gaussian systems and prospective experimental verification
Salman Sajad Wani (19274419)
Mathematical sciences
Mathematical physics
Physical sciences
Quantum physics
Quantum speed limit
Relativistic corrections (Foldy-Wouthuysen expansion)
Quantum metrology
Balanced homodyne detection
Gaussian states
status_str publishedVersion
title Relativistic quantum-speed limit for Gaussian systems and prospective experimental verification
title_full Relativistic quantum-speed limit for Gaussian systems and prospective experimental verification
title_fullStr Relativistic quantum-speed limit for Gaussian systems and prospective experimental verification
title_full_unstemmed Relativistic quantum-speed limit for Gaussian systems and prospective experimental verification
title_short Relativistic quantum-speed limit for Gaussian systems and prospective experimental verification
title_sort Relativistic quantum-speed limit for Gaussian systems and prospective experimental verification
topic Mathematical sciences
Mathematical physics
Physical sciences
Quantum physics
Quantum speed limit
Relativistic corrections (Foldy-Wouthuysen expansion)
Quantum metrology
Balanced homodyne detection
Gaussian states