Synergistic yeast co-culture and pretreatment optimization for enhanced single cell protein production from agro-waste
<p dir="ltr">The escalating global demand for sustainable protein sources, alongside the imperative to manage agro-waste, has intensified research into innovative bioconversion technologies. Single cell protein (SCP) production through liquid-state fermentation (LSF) offers a promisi...
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2025
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| _version_ | 1864513521306304512 |
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| author | Zukhruf Asim (22330669) |
| author2 | Hafiz Muhammad Aamir Shahzad (6687767) Khaled A. Mahmoud (572646) Fares Almomani (12585685) Kashif Rasool (2542492) |
| author2_role | author author author author |
| author_facet | Zukhruf Asim (22330669) Hafiz Muhammad Aamir Shahzad (6687767) Khaled A. Mahmoud (572646) Fares Almomani (12585685) Kashif Rasool (2542492) |
| author_role | author |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Zukhruf Asim (22330669) Hafiz Muhammad Aamir Shahzad (6687767) Khaled A. Mahmoud (572646) Fares Almomani (12585685) Kashif Rasool (2542492) |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv | 2025-11-19T12:00:00Z |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | 10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108672 |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv | https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Synergistic_yeast_co-culture_and_pretreatment_optimization_for_enhanced_single_cell_protein_production_from_agro-waste/32075334 |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | Agricultural, veterinary and food sciences Agricultural biotechnology Food sciences Environmental sciences Environmental biotechnology Agro-waste Optimization Single cell protein Saccharomyces cerevisiae Candida tropicalis Candida krusei |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | Synergistic yeast co-culture and pretreatment optimization for enhanced single cell protein production from agro-waste |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | Text Journal contribution info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion text contribution to journal |
| description | <p dir="ltr">The escalating global demand for sustainable protein sources, alongside the imperative to manage agro-waste, has intensified research into innovative bioconversion technologies. Single cell protein (SCP) production through liquid-state fermentation (LSF) offers a promising approach by transforming agro-waste residues into high-value microbial biomass. This study investigates the optimization of acid pretreatment and yeast strains to maximize SCP yield, contributing to a circular bioeconomy. In the initial phase, single and co-culture yeast strains were evaluated for SCP production using YPD broth and agro-waste substrates. Over five days of fermentation, <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> yielded a maximum biomass of 1.8 g/L, while its co-culture with <i>Candida krusei</i> achieved 4.58 g/L, with protein contents of 45 % and 44.5 %, respectively. In the second phase, agro-waste pretreatments were optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with a three-level factorial model, where temperature, hydrochloric acid (HCl) concentration, and residence time served as independent variables. Optimal conditions (87.5 °C, 3 % HCl, 90 min) resulted in 4.6 g/L biomass, 2.67 g/L protein, 7.24 g/L nitrogen, and 0.72 g/L non-purgeable organic carbon. In the final phase, a 30-day continuous fermenter run under optimized conditions demonstrated scalability, achieving a peak biomass of 16.9 g/L and a microbial protein yield of 63.3 % on Day 7. These findings underscore the potential of strain-substrate synergies and optimized pretreatment for high-yield SCP production. By valorizing agro-waste, this approach offers a sustainable solution for protein production and waste management, advancing the transition toward a circular bioeconomy and addressing global challenges in food security and environmental sustainability.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: Biomass and Bioenergy<br>License: <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108672" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108672</a></p> |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| id | Manara2_50f4bedd24f776cd77df9dc4d3d4092d |
| identifier_str_mv | 10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108672 |
| network_acronym_str | Manara2 |
| network_name_str | Manara2 |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:figshare.com:article/32075334 |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv | |
| repository_id_str | |
| rights_invalid_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 |
| spelling | Synergistic yeast co-culture and pretreatment optimization for enhanced single cell protein production from agro-wasteZukhruf Asim (22330669)Hafiz Muhammad Aamir Shahzad (6687767)Khaled A. Mahmoud (572646)Fares Almomani (12585685)Kashif Rasool (2542492)Agricultural, veterinary and food sciencesAgricultural biotechnologyFood sciencesEnvironmental sciencesEnvironmental biotechnologyAgro-wasteOptimizationSingle cell proteinSaccharomyces cerevisiaeCandida tropicalisCandida krusei<p dir="ltr">The escalating global demand for sustainable protein sources, alongside the imperative to manage agro-waste, has intensified research into innovative bioconversion technologies. Single cell protein (SCP) production through liquid-state fermentation (LSF) offers a promising approach by transforming agro-waste residues into high-value microbial biomass. This study investigates the optimization of acid pretreatment and yeast strains to maximize SCP yield, contributing to a circular bioeconomy. In the initial phase, single and co-culture yeast strains were evaluated for SCP production using YPD broth and agro-waste substrates. Over five days of fermentation, <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> yielded a maximum biomass of 1.8 g/L, while its co-culture with <i>Candida krusei</i> achieved 4.58 g/L, with protein contents of 45 % and 44.5 %, respectively. In the second phase, agro-waste pretreatments were optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with a three-level factorial model, where temperature, hydrochloric acid (HCl) concentration, and residence time served as independent variables. Optimal conditions (87.5 °C, 3 % HCl, 90 min) resulted in 4.6 g/L biomass, 2.67 g/L protein, 7.24 g/L nitrogen, and 0.72 g/L non-purgeable organic carbon. In the final phase, a 30-day continuous fermenter run under optimized conditions demonstrated scalability, achieving a peak biomass of 16.9 g/L and a microbial protein yield of 63.3 % on Day 7. These findings underscore the potential of strain-substrate synergies and optimized pretreatment for high-yield SCP production. By valorizing agro-waste, this approach offers a sustainable solution for protein production and waste management, advancing the transition toward a circular bioeconomy and addressing global challenges in food security and environmental sustainability.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: Biomass and Bioenergy<br>License: <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108672" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108672</a></p>2025-11-19T12:00:00ZTextJournal contributioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontextcontribution to journal10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108672https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Synergistic_yeast_co-culture_and_pretreatment_optimization_for_enhanced_single_cell_protein_production_from_agro-waste/32075334CC BY 4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:figshare.com:article/320753342025-11-19T12:00:00Z |
| spellingShingle | Synergistic yeast co-culture and pretreatment optimization for enhanced single cell protein production from agro-waste Zukhruf Asim (22330669) Agricultural, veterinary and food sciences Agricultural biotechnology Food sciences Environmental sciences Environmental biotechnology Agro-waste Optimization Single cell protein Saccharomyces cerevisiae Candida tropicalis Candida krusei |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | Synergistic yeast co-culture and pretreatment optimization for enhanced single cell protein production from agro-waste |
| title_full | Synergistic yeast co-culture and pretreatment optimization for enhanced single cell protein production from agro-waste |
| title_fullStr | Synergistic yeast co-culture and pretreatment optimization for enhanced single cell protein production from agro-waste |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synergistic yeast co-culture and pretreatment optimization for enhanced single cell protein production from agro-waste |
| title_short | Synergistic yeast co-culture and pretreatment optimization for enhanced single cell protein production from agro-waste |
| title_sort | Synergistic yeast co-culture and pretreatment optimization for enhanced single cell protein production from agro-waste |
| topic | Agricultural, veterinary and food sciences Agricultural biotechnology Food sciences Environmental sciences Environmental biotechnology Agro-waste Optimization Single cell protein Saccharomyces cerevisiae Candida tropicalis Candida krusei |