The microbiome-lymphoma Axis: A systematic review and Meta-analysis of gut Dysbiosis pattern in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
<h3>Background</h3><p dir="ltr">Gut microbiota has emerged as a critical mediator of immune homeostasis and cancer biology. Increasing evidence suggests that gut dysbiosis may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the most c...
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2025
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| Summary: | <h3>Background</h3><p dir="ltr">Gut microbiota has emerged as a critical mediator of immune homeostasis and cancer biology. Increasing evidence suggests that gut dysbiosis may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the most common and aggressive subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). However, a comprehensive synthesis of the microbial alterations associated with DLBCL remains poorly defined. </p><h3>Methods</h3><p dir="ltr">We systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed thirteen studies (<i>n</i> = 4087 cases) to assess gut microbiota alterations in DLBCL. Both observational and Mendelian randomization designs were included. Pooled odds ratios (OR) were calculated for mendelian randomization studies using random-effects models, and microbial shifts were analyzed at the species level to contextualize biological relevance. Observational studies were used for qualitative assessment.</p><h3>Results</h3><p dir="ltr">Meta analysis was done for the mendelian randomization studies (<i>n</i> = 3737 cases). The overall pooled OR was 0.96 (95 % CI: 0.93–1.00), suggested a slight shift towards depletion, with considerable heterogeneity (I<sup>2</sup> = 78.7 %). Species-level analysis revealed significant enrichment of pro-inflammatory or potentially oncogenic taxa in DLBCL, including Bilophila (OR = 1.78), Desulfovibrionaceae (OR = 1.58), and Coprobacter (OR = 1.37). Conversely, beneficial commensals with anti-inflammatory and metabolic regulatory roles such as <i>Eubacterium coprostanoligenes</i> group (OR = 0.19), Alistipes (OR = 0.57), <i>Ruminococcaceae</i> UCG011 (OR = 0.75) were significantly depleted. </p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p dir="ltr">This first comprehensive synthesis demonstrates a reproducible species-level microbial signature in DLBCL, characterized by depletion of protective commensals and enrichment of pro-tumorigenic taxa. Mechanistically, these shifts may promote lymphomagenesis via inflammatory, metabolic, and immune-modulatory pathways. Our findings highlight the gut microbiota as a latent biomarker source and therapeutic target, supporting microbiota-modulating strategies in precision lymphoma care.</p><h2>Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: Blood Reviews<br>License: <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.blre.2025.101341" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.blre.2025.101341</a></p> |
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