Biochemical and cellular basis of oxidative stress: Implications for disease onset

<p dir="ltr">Cellular oxidation–reduction (redox) systems, which encompass pro‐ and antioxidant molecules, are integral components of a plethora of essential cellular processes. Any dysregulation of these systems can cause molecular imbalances between the pro‐ and antioxidant moietie...

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Main Author: Karl Aramouni (17746956) (author)
Other Authors: Roland Assaf (17746959) (author), Abdullah Shaito (17746962) (author), Manal Fardoun (16328847) (author), Maha Al‐Asmakh (17746965) (author), Amirhossein Sahebkar (1452028) (author), Ali H. Eid (5461829) (author)
Published: 2023
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author Karl Aramouni (17746956)
author2 Roland Assaf (17746959)
Abdullah Shaito (17746962)
Manal Fardoun (16328847)
Maha Al‐Asmakh (17746965)
Amirhossein Sahebkar (1452028)
Ali H. Eid (5461829)
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author_facet Karl Aramouni (17746956)
Roland Assaf (17746959)
Abdullah Shaito (17746962)
Manal Fardoun (16328847)
Maha Al‐Asmakh (17746965)
Amirhossein Sahebkar (1452028)
Ali H. Eid (5461829)
author_role author
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Karl Aramouni (17746956)
Roland Assaf (17746959)
Abdullah Shaito (17746962)
Manal Fardoun (16328847)
Maha Al‐Asmakh (17746965)
Amirhossein Sahebkar (1452028)
Ali H. Eid (5461829)
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2023-07-12T03:00:00Z
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv 10.1002/jcp.31071
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Biochemical_and_cellular_basis_of_oxidative_stress_Implications_for_disease_onset/24954762
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv CC BY 4.0
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Biological sciences
Biochemistry and cell biology
Biomedical and clinical sciences
Medical physiology
antioxidants
NFκB
NOX
Nrf2
peroxiredoxin
ROS
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Biochemical and cellular basis of oxidative stress: Implications for disease onset
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv Text
Journal contribution
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
text
contribution to journal
description <p dir="ltr">Cellular oxidation–reduction (redox) systems, which encompass pro‐ and antioxidant molecules, are integral components of a plethora of essential cellular processes. Any dysregulation of these systems can cause molecular imbalances between the pro‐ and antioxidant moieties, leading to a state of oxidative stress. Long‐lasting oxidative stress can manifest clinically as a variety of chronic illnesses including cancers, neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic diseases like diabetes. As such, this review investigates the impact of oxidative stress on the human body with emphasis on the underlying oxidants, mechanisms, and pathways. It also discusses the available antioxidant defense mechanisms. The cellular monitoring and regulatory systems that ensure a balanced oxidative cellular environment are detailed. We critically discuss the notion of oxidants as a double‐edged sword, being signaling messengers at low physiological concentrations but causative agents of oxidative stress when overproduced. In this regard, the review also presents strategies employed by oxidants including redox signaling and activation of transcriptional programs such as those mediated by the Nrf2/Keap1 and NFk signaling. Likewise, redox molecular switches of peroxiredoxin and DJ‐1 and the proteins they regulate are presented. The review concludes that a thorough comprehension of cellular redox systems is essential to develop the evolving field of redox medicine.</p><h2>Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: Journal of Cellular Physiology<br>License: <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.31071" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.31071</a></p>
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
id Manara2_595cb81370d17f1c82755851dd8fbf6c
identifier_str_mv 10.1002/jcp.31071
network_acronym_str Manara2
network_name_str Manara2
oai_identifier_str oai:figshare.com:article/24954762
publishDate 2023
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rights_invalid_str_mv CC BY 4.0
spelling Biochemical and cellular basis of oxidative stress: Implications for disease onsetKarl Aramouni (17746956)Roland Assaf (17746959)Abdullah Shaito (17746962)Manal Fardoun (16328847)Maha Al‐Asmakh (17746965)Amirhossein Sahebkar (1452028)Ali H. Eid (5461829)Biological sciencesBiochemistry and cell biologyBiomedical and clinical sciencesMedical physiologyantioxidantsNFκBNOXNrf2peroxiredoxinROS<p dir="ltr">Cellular oxidation–reduction (redox) systems, which encompass pro‐ and antioxidant molecules, are integral components of a plethora of essential cellular processes. Any dysregulation of these systems can cause molecular imbalances between the pro‐ and antioxidant moieties, leading to a state of oxidative stress. Long‐lasting oxidative stress can manifest clinically as a variety of chronic illnesses including cancers, neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic diseases like diabetes. As such, this review investigates the impact of oxidative stress on the human body with emphasis on the underlying oxidants, mechanisms, and pathways. It also discusses the available antioxidant defense mechanisms. The cellular monitoring and regulatory systems that ensure a balanced oxidative cellular environment are detailed. We critically discuss the notion of oxidants as a double‐edged sword, being signaling messengers at low physiological concentrations but causative agents of oxidative stress when overproduced. In this regard, the review also presents strategies employed by oxidants including redox signaling and activation of transcriptional programs such as those mediated by the Nrf2/Keap1 and NFk signaling. Likewise, redox molecular switches of peroxiredoxin and DJ‐1 and the proteins they regulate are presented. The review concludes that a thorough comprehension of cellular redox systems is essential to develop the evolving field of redox medicine.</p><h2>Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: Journal of Cellular Physiology<br>License: <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.31071" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.31071</a></p>2023-07-12T03:00:00ZTextJournal contributioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontextcontribution to journal10.1002/jcp.31071https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Biochemical_and_cellular_basis_of_oxidative_stress_Implications_for_disease_onset/24954762CC BY 4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:figshare.com:article/249547622023-07-12T03:00:00Z
spellingShingle Biochemical and cellular basis of oxidative stress: Implications for disease onset
Karl Aramouni (17746956)
Biological sciences
Biochemistry and cell biology
Biomedical and clinical sciences
Medical physiology
antioxidants
NFκB
NOX
Nrf2
peroxiredoxin
ROS
status_str publishedVersion
title Biochemical and cellular basis of oxidative stress: Implications for disease onset
title_full Biochemical and cellular basis of oxidative stress: Implications for disease onset
title_fullStr Biochemical and cellular basis of oxidative stress: Implications for disease onset
title_full_unstemmed Biochemical and cellular basis of oxidative stress: Implications for disease onset
title_short Biochemical and cellular basis of oxidative stress: Implications for disease onset
title_sort Biochemical and cellular basis of oxidative stress: Implications for disease onset
topic Biological sciences
Biochemistry and cell biology
Biomedical and clinical sciences
Medical physiology
antioxidants
NFκB
NOX
Nrf2
peroxiredoxin
ROS