Artificial intelligence-based methods for fusion of electronic health records and imaging data

<div><p>Healthcare data are inherently multimodal, including electronic health records (EHR), medical images, and multi-omics data. Combining these multimodal data sources contributes to a better understanding of human health and provides optimal personalized healthcare. The most importa...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Farida Mohsen (16994682) (author)
Other Authors: Hazrat Ali (421019) (author), Nady El Hajj (686554) (author), Zubair Shah (231886) (author)
Published: 2022
Subjects:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1864513528389435392
author Farida Mohsen (16994682)
author2 Hazrat Ali (421019)
Nady El Hajj (686554)
Zubair Shah (231886)
author2_role author
author
author
author_facet Farida Mohsen (16994682)
Hazrat Ali (421019)
Nady El Hajj (686554)
Zubair Shah (231886)
author_role author
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Farida Mohsen (16994682)
Hazrat Ali (421019)
Nady El Hajj (686554)
Zubair Shah (231886)
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2022-10-26T03:00:00Z
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv 10.1038/s41598-022-22514-4
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Artificial_intelligence-based_methods_for_fusion_of_electronic_health_records_and_imaging_data/25125590
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv CC BY 4.0
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Engineering
Biomedical engineering
Information and computing sciences
Machine learning
Artifcial intelligence
electronic health records
imaging data
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Artificial intelligence-based methods for fusion of electronic health records and imaging data
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv Text
Journal contribution
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
text
contribution to journal
description <div><p>Healthcare data are inherently multimodal, including electronic health records (EHR), medical images, and multi-omics data. Combining these multimodal data sources contributes to a better understanding of human health and provides optimal personalized healthcare. The most important question when using multimodal data is how to fuse them—a field of growing interest among researchers. Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, particularly machine learning (ML), enable the fusion of these different data modalities to provide multimodal insights. To this end, in this scoping review, we focus on synthesizing and analyzing the literature that uses AI techniques to fuse multimodal medical data for different clinical applications. More specifically, we focus on studies that only fused EHR with medical imaging data to develop various AI methods for clinical applications. We present a comprehensive analysis of the various fusion strategies, the diseases and clinical outcomes for which multimodal fusion was used, the ML algorithms used to perform multimodal fusion for each clinical application, and the available multimodal medical datasets. We followed the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. We searched Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar to retrieve relevant studies. After pre-processing and screening, we extracted data from 34 studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria. We found that studies fusing imaging data with EHR are increasing and doubling from 2020 to 2021. In our analysis, a typical workflow was observed: feeding raw data, fusing different data modalities by applying conventional machine learning (ML) or deep learning (DL) algorithms, and finally, evaluating the multimodal fusion through clinical outcome predictions. Specifically, early fusion was the most used technique in most applications for multimodal learning (22 out of 34 studies). We found that multimodality fusion models outperformed traditional single-modality models for the same task. Disease diagnosis and prediction were the most common clinical outcomes (reported in 20 and 10 studies, respectively) from a clinical outcome perspective. Neurological disorders were the dominant category (16 studies). From an AI perspective, conventional ML models were the most used (19 studies), followed by DL models (16 studies). Multimodal data used in the included studies were mostly from private repositories (21 studies). Through this scoping review, we offer new insights for researchers interested in knowing the current state of knowledge within this research field.</p><p> </p></div><h2>Other Information</h2> <p> Published in: Scientific Reports<br> License: <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" target="_blank">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-22514-4" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-22514-4</a></p>
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
id Manara2_604a4e1c225a3a9ba66452520e97fbeb
identifier_str_mv 10.1038/s41598-022-22514-4
network_acronym_str Manara2
network_name_str Manara2
oai_identifier_str oai:figshare.com:article/25125590
publishDate 2022
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository_id_str
rights_invalid_str_mv CC BY 4.0
spelling Artificial intelligence-based methods for fusion of electronic health records and imaging dataFarida Mohsen (16994682)Hazrat Ali (421019)Nady El Hajj (686554)Zubair Shah (231886)EngineeringBiomedical engineeringInformation and computing sciencesMachine learningArtifcial intelligenceelectronic health recordsimaging data<div><p>Healthcare data are inherently multimodal, including electronic health records (EHR), medical images, and multi-omics data. Combining these multimodal data sources contributes to a better understanding of human health and provides optimal personalized healthcare. The most important question when using multimodal data is how to fuse them—a field of growing interest among researchers. Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, particularly machine learning (ML), enable the fusion of these different data modalities to provide multimodal insights. To this end, in this scoping review, we focus on synthesizing and analyzing the literature that uses AI techniques to fuse multimodal medical data for different clinical applications. More specifically, we focus on studies that only fused EHR with medical imaging data to develop various AI methods for clinical applications. We present a comprehensive analysis of the various fusion strategies, the diseases and clinical outcomes for which multimodal fusion was used, the ML algorithms used to perform multimodal fusion for each clinical application, and the available multimodal medical datasets. We followed the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. We searched Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar to retrieve relevant studies. After pre-processing and screening, we extracted data from 34 studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria. We found that studies fusing imaging data with EHR are increasing and doubling from 2020 to 2021. In our analysis, a typical workflow was observed: feeding raw data, fusing different data modalities by applying conventional machine learning (ML) or deep learning (DL) algorithms, and finally, evaluating the multimodal fusion through clinical outcome predictions. Specifically, early fusion was the most used technique in most applications for multimodal learning (22 out of 34 studies). We found that multimodality fusion models outperformed traditional single-modality models for the same task. Disease diagnosis and prediction were the most common clinical outcomes (reported in 20 and 10 studies, respectively) from a clinical outcome perspective. Neurological disorders were the dominant category (16 studies). From an AI perspective, conventional ML models were the most used (19 studies), followed by DL models (16 studies). Multimodal data used in the included studies were mostly from private repositories (21 studies). Through this scoping review, we offer new insights for researchers interested in knowing the current state of knowledge within this research field.</p><p> </p></div><h2>Other Information</h2> <p> Published in: Scientific Reports<br> License: <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" target="_blank">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-22514-4" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-22514-4</a></p>2022-10-26T03:00:00ZTextJournal contributioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontextcontribution to journal10.1038/s41598-022-22514-4https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Artificial_intelligence-based_methods_for_fusion_of_electronic_health_records_and_imaging_data/25125590CC BY 4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:figshare.com:article/251255902022-10-26T03:00:00Z
spellingShingle Artificial intelligence-based methods for fusion of electronic health records and imaging data
Farida Mohsen (16994682)
Engineering
Biomedical engineering
Information and computing sciences
Machine learning
Artifcial intelligence
electronic health records
imaging data
status_str publishedVersion
title Artificial intelligence-based methods for fusion of electronic health records and imaging data
title_full Artificial intelligence-based methods for fusion of electronic health records and imaging data
title_fullStr Artificial intelligence-based methods for fusion of electronic health records and imaging data
title_full_unstemmed Artificial intelligence-based methods for fusion of electronic health records and imaging data
title_short Artificial intelligence-based methods for fusion of electronic health records and imaging data
title_sort Artificial intelligence-based methods for fusion of electronic health records and imaging data
topic Engineering
Biomedical engineering
Information and computing sciences
Machine learning
Artifcial intelligence
electronic health records
imaging data