Small-Signal Stability Analysis and Parameters Optimization of Virtual Synchronous Generator for Low-Inertia Power System
<p dir="ltr">The stable operation of converter-interfaced generation (CIG) units is paramount for ensuring resilience in low-inertia power systems. This paper presents a comprehensive small-signal modeling and stability analysis framework for grid-connected virtual synchronous genera...
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2025
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| _version_ | 1864513533113270272 |
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| author | Alaa Altawallbeh (22565837) |
| author2 | Abdulrahman Alassi (18103042) Nader Meskin (14147796) Mohammed A. Al-Hitmi (14070780) Ahmed M. Massoud (16896417) |
| author2_role | author author author author |
| author_facet | Alaa Altawallbeh (22565837) Abdulrahman Alassi (18103042) Nader Meskin (14147796) Mohammed A. Al-Hitmi (14070780) Ahmed M. Massoud (16896417) |
| author_role | author |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Alaa Altawallbeh (22565837) Abdulrahman Alassi (18103042) Nader Meskin (14147796) Mohammed A. Al-Hitmi (14070780) Ahmed M. Massoud (16896417) |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv | 2025-06-27T12:00:00Z |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | 10.1109/access.2025.3581678 |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv | https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Small-Signal_Stability_Analysis_and_Parameters_Optimization_of_Virtual_Synchronous_Generator_for_Low-Inertia_Power_System/30542726 |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | Engineering Electrical engineering Electronics, sensors and digital hardware Low-inertia power system frequency stability virtual synchronous generator optimization Power system stability Optimization Damping Grid forming Analytical models Oscillators Synchronous generators Time-frequency analysis Power system dynamics Metaheuristics |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | Small-Signal Stability Analysis and Parameters Optimization of Virtual Synchronous Generator for Low-Inertia Power System |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | Text Journal contribution info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion text contribution to journal |
| description | <p dir="ltr">The stable operation of converter-interfaced generation (CIG) units is paramount for ensuring resilience in low-inertia power systems. This paper presents a comprehensive small-signal modeling and stability analysis framework for grid-connected virtual synchronous generators (VSGs), integrating: an LCL-filter interfaced power converter, active/reactive power loop (APL/RPL) controllers, and dual-loop PI-based current and voltage control. Through systematic eigenvalue analysis and parameter sensitivity studies, complemented by time-domain verification in MATLAB/SIMULINK, we demonstrate the decisive influence of VSG control parameters on low-frequency oscillation (LFO) damping characteristics, transient frequency stability metrics, including the rate of change of frequency (ROCOF), maximum frequency deviation (<i>fnadir</i>), overshoot, and settling time. We further propose a hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm with a multi-objective cost function to optimize VSG controller gains. The optimized design achieves an 83% reduction in ROCOF, a 90% improvement in frequency deviation, and a non-oscillatory power response. These results quantitatively validate that proper VSG gain tuning can significantly enhance dynamic performance and frequency stability in inertia-constrained grids. The proposed methodology offers practical insights for designing resilient CIG-dominated power systems.</p><h2>Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: IEEE Access<br>License: <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en" target="_blank">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3581678" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3581678</a></p> |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| id | Manara2_61c5ce0bcc6b55d714425e294c0b62a3 |
| identifier_str_mv | 10.1109/access.2025.3581678 |
| network_acronym_str | Manara2 |
| network_name_str | Manara2 |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:figshare.com:article/30542726 |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv | |
| repository_id_str | |
| rights_invalid_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 |
| spelling | Small-Signal Stability Analysis and Parameters Optimization of Virtual Synchronous Generator for Low-Inertia Power SystemAlaa Altawallbeh (22565837)Abdulrahman Alassi (18103042)Nader Meskin (14147796)Mohammed A. Al-Hitmi (14070780)Ahmed M. Massoud (16896417)EngineeringElectrical engineeringElectronics, sensors and digital hardwareLow-inertia power systemfrequency stabilityvirtual synchronous generatoroptimizationPower system stabilityOptimizationDampingGrid formingAnalytical modelsOscillatorsSynchronous generatorsTime-frequency analysisPower system dynamicsMetaheuristics<p dir="ltr">The stable operation of converter-interfaced generation (CIG) units is paramount for ensuring resilience in low-inertia power systems. This paper presents a comprehensive small-signal modeling and stability analysis framework for grid-connected virtual synchronous generators (VSGs), integrating: an LCL-filter interfaced power converter, active/reactive power loop (APL/RPL) controllers, and dual-loop PI-based current and voltage control. Through systematic eigenvalue analysis and parameter sensitivity studies, complemented by time-domain verification in MATLAB/SIMULINK, we demonstrate the decisive influence of VSG control parameters on low-frequency oscillation (LFO) damping characteristics, transient frequency stability metrics, including the rate of change of frequency (ROCOF), maximum frequency deviation (<i>fnadir</i>), overshoot, and settling time. We further propose a hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm with a multi-objective cost function to optimize VSG controller gains. The optimized design achieves an 83% reduction in ROCOF, a 90% improvement in frequency deviation, and a non-oscillatory power response. These results quantitatively validate that proper VSG gain tuning can significantly enhance dynamic performance and frequency stability in inertia-constrained grids. The proposed methodology offers practical insights for designing resilient CIG-dominated power systems.</p><h2>Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: IEEE Access<br>License: <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en" target="_blank">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3581678" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3581678</a></p>2025-06-27T12:00:00ZTextJournal contributioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontextcontribution to journal10.1109/access.2025.3581678https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Small-Signal_Stability_Analysis_and_Parameters_Optimization_of_Virtual_Synchronous_Generator_for_Low-Inertia_Power_System/30542726CC BY 4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:figshare.com:article/305427262025-06-27T12:00:00Z |
| spellingShingle | Small-Signal Stability Analysis and Parameters Optimization of Virtual Synchronous Generator for Low-Inertia Power System Alaa Altawallbeh (22565837) Engineering Electrical engineering Electronics, sensors and digital hardware Low-inertia power system frequency stability virtual synchronous generator optimization Power system stability Optimization Damping Grid forming Analytical models Oscillators Synchronous generators Time-frequency analysis Power system dynamics Metaheuristics |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | Small-Signal Stability Analysis and Parameters Optimization of Virtual Synchronous Generator for Low-Inertia Power System |
| title_full | Small-Signal Stability Analysis and Parameters Optimization of Virtual Synchronous Generator for Low-Inertia Power System |
| title_fullStr | Small-Signal Stability Analysis and Parameters Optimization of Virtual Synchronous Generator for Low-Inertia Power System |
| title_full_unstemmed | Small-Signal Stability Analysis and Parameters Optimization of Virtual Synchronous Generator for Low-Inertia Power System |
| title_short | Small-Signal Stability Analysis and Parameters Optimization of Virtual Synchronous Generator for Low-Inertia Power System |
| title_sort | Small-Signal Stability Analysis and Parameters Optimization of Virtual Synchronous Generator for Low-Inertia Power System |
| topic | Engineering Electrical engineering Electronics, sensors and digital hardware Low-inertia power system frequency stability virtual synchronous generator optimization Power system stability Optimization Damping Grid forming Analytical models Oscillators Synchronous generators Time-frequency analysis Power system dynamics Metaheuristics |