Ensemble Deep Random Vector Functional Link Neural Network for Regression

<p dir="ltr">Inspired by the ensemble strategy of machine learning, deep random vector functional link (dRVFL), and ensemble dRVFL (edRVFL) has shown state-of-the-art results on different datasets. Our present work first fills the gap of dRVFL and edRVFL work in the field of regressi...

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Main Author: Minghui Hu (2457952) (author)
Other Authors: Jet Herng Chion (16904667) (author), Ponnuthurai Nagaratnam Suganthan (11274636) (author), Rakesh Kumar Katuwal (16904670) (author)
Published: 2022
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author Minghui Hu (2457952)
author2 Jet Herng Chion (16904667)
Ponnuthurai Nagaratnam Suganthan (11274636)
Rakesh Kumar Katuwal (16904670)
author2_role author
author
author
author_facet Minghui Hu (2457952)
Jet Herng Chion (16904667)
Ponnuthurai Nagaratnam Suganthan (11274636)
Rakesh Kumar Katuwal (16904670)
author_role author
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Minghui Hu (2457952)
Jet Herng Chion (16904667)
Ponnuthurai Nagaratnam Suganthan (11274636)
Rakesh Kumar Katuwal (16904670)
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2022-11-10T00:00:00Z
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv 10.1109/tsmc.2022.3213628
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Ensemble_Deep_Random_Vector_Functional_Link_Neural_Network_for_Regression/24056343
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv CC BY 4.0
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Information and computing sciences
Artificial intelligence
Machine learning
Neurons
Training
Biological neural networks
Reservoirs
Stochastic processes
Mathematical models
Task analysis
Ensemble
Neural networks
random vector functional link (RVFL)
Regression
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Ensemble Deep Random Vector Functional Link Neural Network for Regression
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv Text
Journal contribution
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
text
contribution to journal
description <p dir="ltr">Inspired by the ensemble strategy of machine learning, deep random vector functional link (dRVFL), and ensemble dRVFL (edRVFL) has shown state-of-the-art results on different datasets. Our present work first fills the gap of dRVFL and edRVFL work in the field of regression. We test and evaluate the performances of the dRVFLs on regression problems. Subsequently, we propose a novel regularization method [boosted factor (BF)], two dRVFLs variants [edRVFL with skip connection (edRVFL-SC) and edRVFL with random skip connections (edRVFL-RSC)] and one strategy [ensemble skip connection edRVFL (esc-edRVFL)] which show significant improvement over the original dRVFL. The BF is a newly introduced hyperparameter to scale the values of the activated hidden neurons to accommodate the diversity of the data, and it is also able to filter the neurons. edRVFL-SC and edRVFL-RSC are the edRVFL variants with skip connections. In edRVFL-SC, we apply dense skip connections to the edRVFL, which is inspired by the residual architecture in the deep learning area. However, due to the specificity of randomized networks, the simple skip connections are probably leading to the reuse of useless features. To address this problem, we propose a random skip connection-based edRVFL, which can keep the diversity in the latent space. esc-RVFL is an ensemble scheme that utilizes several edRVFL-RSC models trained on the different folds of the training dataset. The esc-edRVFL is identified as the best-performing algorithm through a comprehensive evaluation of 31 UCI datasets.</p><h2>Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems<br>License: <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" target="_blank">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2022.3213628" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2022.3213628</a></p>
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
id Manara2_6e8b17bf0037a567912a4abae6c6095f
identifier_str_mv 10.1109/tsmc.2022.3213628
network_acronym_str Manara2
network_name_str Manara2
oai_identifier_str oai:figshare.com:article/24056343
publishDate 2022
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository_id_str
rights_invalid_str_mv CC BY 4.0
spelling Ensemble Deep Random Vector Functional Link Neural Network for RegressionMinghui Hu (2457952)Jet Herng Chion (16904667)Ponnuthurai Nagaratnam Suganthan (11274636)Rakesh Kumar Katuwal (16904670)Information and computing sciencesArtificial intelligenceMachine learningNeuronsTrainingBiological neural networksReservoirsStochastic processesMathematical modelsTask analysisEnsembleNeural networksrandom vector functional link (RVFL)Regression<p dir="ltr">Inspired by the ensemble strategy of machine learning, deep random vector functional link (dRVFL), and ensemble dRVFL (edRVFL) has shown state-of-the-art results on different datasets. Our present work first fills the gap of dRVFL and edRVFL work in the field of regression. We test and evaluate the performances of the dRVFLs on regression problems. Subsequently, we propose a novel regularization method [boosted factor (BF)], two dRVFLs variants [edRVFL with skip connection (edRVFL-SC) and edRVFL with random skip connections (edRVFL-RSC)] and one strategy [ensemble skip connection edRVFL (esc-edRVFL)] which show significant improvement over the original dRVFL. The BF is a newly introduced hyperparameter to scale the values of the activated hidden neurons to accommodate the diversity of the data, and it is also able to filter the neurons. edRVFL-SC and edRVFL-RSC are the edRVFL variants with skip connections. In edRVFL-SC, we apply dense skip connections to the edRVFL, which is inspired by the residual architecture in the deep learning area. However, due to the specificity of randomized networks, the simple skip connections are probably leading to the reuse of useless features. To address this problem, we propose a random skip connection-based edRVFL, which can keep the diversity in the latent space. esc-RVFL is an ensemble scheme that utilizes several edRVFL-RSC models trained on the different folds of the training dataset. The esc-edRVFL is identified as the best-performing algorithm through a comprehensive evaluation of 31 UCI datasets.</p><h2>Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems<br>License: <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" target="_blank">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2022.3213628" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2022.3213628</a></p>2022-11-10T00:00:00ZTextJournal contributioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontextcontribution to journal10.1109/tsmc.2022.3213628https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Ensemble_Deep_Random_Vector_Functional_Link_Neural_Network_for_Regression/24056343CC BY 4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:figshare.com:article/240563432022-11-10T00:00:00Z
spellingShingle Ensemble Deep Random Vector Functional Link Neural Network for Regression
Minghui Hu (2457952)
Information and computing sciences
Artificial intelligence
Machine learning
Neurons
Training
Biological neural networks
Reservoirs
Stochastic processes
Mathematical models
Task analysis
Ensemble
Neural networks
random vector functional link (RVFL)
Regression
status_str publishedVersion
title Ensemble Deep Random Vector Functional Link Neural Network for Regression
title_full Ensemble Deep Random Vector Functional Link Neural Network for Regression
title_fullStr Ensemble Deep Random Vector Functional Link Neural Network for Regression
title_full_unstemmed Ensemble Deep Random Vector Functional Link Neural Network for Regression
title_short Ensemble Deep Random Vector Functional Link Neural Network for Regression
title_sort Ensemble Deep Random Vector Functional Link Neural Network for Regression
topic Information and computing sciences
Artificial intelligence
Machine learning
Neurons
Training
Biological neural networks
Reservoirs
Stochastic processes
Mathematical models
Task analysis
Ensemble
Neural networks
random vector functional link (RVFL)
Regression