Population immunity of natural infection, primary-series vaccination, and booster vaccination in Qatar during the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational study
<h3>Background </h3><p dir="ltr">Waning of natural infection protection and vaccine protection highlight the need to evaluate changes in population immunity over time. Population immunity of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection or of COVID-19 vaccination are defined, respectivel...
محفوظ في:
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| مؤلفون آخرون: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| منشور في: |
2023
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إضافة وسم
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| _version_ | 1864513507099148288 |
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| author | Suelen H. Qassim (13777594) |
| author2 | Hiam Chemaitelly (439114) Houssein H. Ayoub (9262512) Peter Coyle (787159) Patrick Tang (239534) Hadi M. Yassine (4675846) Asmaa A. Al Thani (10494576) Hebah A. Al-Khatib (6837266) Mohammad R. Hasan (13777597) Zaina Al-Kanaani (4557205) Einas Al-Kuwari (13777606) Andrew Jeremijenko (11506565) Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal (11847034) Ali Nizar Latif (11570540) Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik (11847037) Hanan F. Abdul-Rahim (13777600) Gheyath K. Nasrallah (9200525) Mohamed Ghaith Al-Kuwari (4264192) Adeel A. Butt (3697705) Hamad Eid Al-Romaihi (6837251) Mohamed H. Al-Thani (11847049) Abdullatif Al-Khal (11721410) Roberto Bertollini (9538620) Laith J. Abu-Raddad (9262524) |
| author2_role | author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author |
| author_facet | Suelen H. Qassim (13777594) Hiam Chemaitelly (439114) Houssein H. Ayoub (9262512) Peter Coyle (787159) Patrick Tang (239534) Hadi M. Yassine (4675846) Asmaa A. Al Thani (10494576) Hebah A. Al-Khatib (6837266) Mohammad R. Hasan (13777597) Zaina Al-Kanaani (4557205) Einas Al-Kuwari (13777606) Andrew Jeremijenko (11506565) Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal (11847034) Ali Nizar Latif (11570540) Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik (11847037) Hanan F. Abdul-Rahim (13777600) Gheyath K. Nasrallah (9200525) Mohamed Ghaith Al-Kuwari (4264192) Adeel A. Butt (3697705) Hamad Eid Al-Romaihi (6837251) Mohamed H. Al-Thani (11847049) Abdullatif Al-Khal (11721410) Roberto Bertollini (9538620) Laith J. Abu-Raddad (9262524) |
| author_role | author |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Suelen H. Qassim (13777594) Hiam Chemaitelly (439114) Houssein H. Ayoub (9262512) Peter Coyle (787159) Patrick Tang (239534) Hadi M. Yassine (4675846) Asmaa A. Al Thani (10494576) Hebah A. Al-Khatib (6837266) Mohammad R. Hasan (13777597) Zaina Al-Kanaani (4557205) Einas Al-Kuwari (13777606) Andrew Jeremijenko (11506565) Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal (11847034) Ali Nizar Latif (11570540) Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik (11847037) Hanan F. Abdul-Rahim (13777600) Gheyath K. Nasrallah (9200525) Mohamed Ghaith Al-Kuwari (4264192) Adeel A. Butt (3697705) Hamad Eid Al-Romaihi (6837251) Mohamed H. Al-Thani (11847049) Abdullatif Al-Khal (11721410) Roberto Bertollini (9538620) Laith J. Abu-Raddad (9262524) |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv | 2023-07-20T12:00:00Z |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102102 |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv | https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Population_immunity_of_natural_infection_primary-series_vaccination_and_booster_vaccination_in_Qatar_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic_an_observational_study/26830207 |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | Biological sciences Microbiology Biomedical and clinical sciences Immunology Health sciences Epidemiology Public health COVID-19 Immunity Natural infection VaccineTest-negative Epidemiology |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | Population immunity of natural infection, primary-series vaccination, and booster vaccination in Qatar during the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational study |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | Text Journal contribution info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion text contribution to journal |
| description | <h3>Background </h3><p dir="ltr">Waning of natural infection protection and vaccine protection highlight the need to evaluate changes in population immunity over time. Population immunity of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection or of COVID-19 vaccination are defined, respectively, as the overall protection against reinfection or against breakthrough infection at a given point in time in a given population. </p><h3>Methods </h3><p dir="ltr">We estimated these population immunities in Qatar's population between July 1, 2020 and November 30, 2022, to discern generic features of the epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2. Effectiveness of previous infection, mRNA primary-series vaccination, and mRNA booster (third-dose) vaccination in preventing infection were estimated, month by month, using matched, test-negative, case–control studies. </p><h3>Findings </h3><p dir="ltr">Previous-infection effectiveness against reinfection was strong before emergence of Omicron, but declined with time after a wave and rebounded after a new wave. Effectiveness dropped after Omicron emergence from 88.3% (95% CI: 84.8–91.0%) in November 2021 to 51.0% (95% CI: 48.3–53.6%) in December 2021. Primary-series effectiveness against infection was 84.0% (95% CI: 83.0–85.0%) in April 2021, soon after introduction of vaccination, before waning gradually to 52.7% (95% CI: 46.5–58.2%) by November 2021. Effectiveness declined linearly by ∼1 percentage point every 5 days. After Omicron emergence, effectiveness dropped from 52.7% (95% CI: 46.5–58.2%) in November 2021 to negligible levels in December 2021. Booster effectiveness dropped after Omicron emergence from 83.0% (95% CI: 65.6–91.6%) in November 2021 to 32.9% (95% CI: 26.7–38.5%) in December 2021, and continued to decline thereafter. Effectiveness of previous infection and vaccination against severe, critical, or fatal COVID-19 were generally >80% throughout the study duration. </p><h3>Interpretation </h3><p dir="ltr">High population immunity against infection may not be sustained beyond a year, but population immunity against severe COVID-19 is durable with slow waning even after Omicron emergence. </p><h3>Funding </h3><p dir="ltr">The Biomedical Research Program and the Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and the Biomathematics Research Core, both at Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Ministry of Public Health, Hamad Medical Corporation, Sidra Medicine, Qatar Genome Programme, Qatar University Biomedical Research Center, and Qatar University Internal Grant ID QUCG-CAS-23/24-114.</p><h2>Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: eClinicalMedicine<br>License: <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102102" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102102</a></p> |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| id | Manara2_779c0512d96d1f8faffc83c95cb95b86 |
| identifier_str_mv | 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102102 |
| network_acronym_str | Manara2 |
| network_name_str | Manara2 |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:figshare.com:article/26830207 |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv | |
| repository_id_str | |
| rights_invalid_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 |
| spelling | Population immunity of natural infection, primary-series vaccination, and booster vaccination in Qatar during the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational studySuelen H. Qassim (13777594)Hiam Chemaitelly (439114)Houssein H. Ayoub (9262512)Peter Coyle (787159)Patrick Tang (239534)Hadi M. Yassine (4675846)Asmaa A. Al Thani (10494576)Hebah A. Al-Khatib (6837266)Mohammad R. Hasan (13777597)Zaina Al-Kanaani (4557205)Einas Al-Kuwari (13777606)Andrew Jeremijenko (11506565)Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal (11847034)Ali Nizar Latif (11570540)Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik (11847037)Hanan F. Abdul-Rahim (13777600)Gheyath K. Nasrallah (9200525)Mohamed Ghaith Al-Kuwari (4264192)Adeel A. Butt (3697705)Hamad Eid Al-Romaihi (6837251)Mohamed H. Al-Thani (11847049)Abdullatif Al-Khal (11721410)Roberto Bertollini (9538620)Laith J. Abu-Raddad (9262524)Biological sciencesMicrobiologyBiomedical and clinical sciencesImmunologyHealth sciencesEpidemiologyPublic healthCOVID-19ImmunityNatural infectionVaccineTest-negativeEpidemiology<h3>Background </h3><p dir="ltr">Waning of natural infection protection and vaccine protection highlight the need to evaluate changes in population immunity over time. Population immunity of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection or of COVID-19 vaccination are defined, respectively, as the overall protection against reinfection or against breakthrough infection at a given point in time in a given population. </p><h3>Methods </h3><p dir="ltr">We estimated these population immunities in Qatar's population between July 1, 2020 and November 30, 2022, to discern generic features of the epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2. Effectiveness of previous infection, mRNA primary-series vaccination, and mRNA booster (third-dose) vaccination in preventing infection were estimated, month by month, using matched, test-negative, case–control studies. </p><h3>Findings </h3><p dir="ltr">Previous-infection effectiveness against reinfection was strong before emergence of Omicron, but declined with time after a wave and rebounded after a new wave. Effectiveness dropped after Omicron emergence from 88.3% (95% CI: 84.8–91.0%) in November 2021 to 51.0% (95% CI: 48.3–53.6%) in December 2021. Primary-series effectiveness against infection was 84.0% (95% CI: 83.0–85.0%) in April 2021, soon after introduction of vaccination, before waning gradually to 52.7% (95% CI: 46.5–58.2%) by November 2021. Effectiveness declined linearly by ∼1 percentage point every 5 days. After Omicron emergence, effectiveness dropped from 52.7% (95% CI: 46.5–58.2%) in November 2021 to negligible levels in December 2021. Booster effectiveness dropped after Omicron emergence from 83.0% (95% CI: 65.6–91.6%) in November 2021 to 32.9% (95% CI: 26.7–38.5%) in December 2021, and continued to decline thereafter. Effectiveness of previous infection and vaccination against severe, critical, or fatal COVID-19 were generally >80% throughout the study duration. </p><h3>Interpretation </h3><p dir="ltr">High population immunity against infection may not be sustained beyond a year, but population immunity against severe COVID-19 is durable with slow waning even after Omicron emergence. </p><h3>Funding </h3><p dir="ltr">The Biomedical Research Program and the Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and the Biomathematics Research Core, both at Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Ministry of Public Health, Hamad Medical Corporation, Sidra Medicine, Qatar Genome Programme, Qatar University Biomedical Research Center, and Qatar University Internal Grant ID QUCG-CAS-23/24-114.</p><h2>Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: eClinicalMedicine<br>License: <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102102" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102102</a></p>2023-07-20T12:00:00ZTextJournal contributioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontextcontribution to journal10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102102https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Population_immunity_of_natural_infection_primary-series_vaccination_and_booster_vaccination_in_Qatar_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic_an_observational_study/26830207CC BY 4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:figshare.com:article/268302072023-07-20T12:00:00Z |
| spellingShingle | Population immunity of natural infection, primary-series vaccination, and booster vaccination in Qatar during the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational study Suelen H. Qassim (13777594) Biological sciences Microbiology Biomedical and clinical sciences Immunology Health sciences Epidemiology Public health COVID-19 Immunity Natural infection VaccineTest-negative Epidemiology |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | Population immunity of natural infection, primary-series vaccination, and booster vaccination in Qatar during the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational study |
| title_full | Population immunity of natural infection, primary-series vaccination, and booster vaccination in Qatar during the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational study |
| title_fullStr | Population immunity of natural infection, primary-series vaccination, and booster vaccination in Qatar during the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Population immunity of natural infection, primary-series vaccination, and booster vaccination in Qatar during the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational study |
| title_short | Population immunity of natural infection, primary-series vaccination, and booster vaccination in Qatar during the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational study |
| title_sort | Population immunity of natural infection, primary-series vaccination, and booster vaccination in Qatar during the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational study |
| topic | Biological sciences Microbiology Biomedical and clinical sciences Immunology Health sciences Epidemiology Public health COVID-19 Immunity Natural infection VaccineTest-negative Epidemiology |