Population immunity of natural infection, primary-series vaccination, and booster vaccination in Qatar during the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational study

<h3>Background </h3><p dir="ltr">Waning of natural infection protection and vaccine protection highlight the need to evaluate changes in population immunity over time. Population immunity of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection or of COVID-19 vaccination are defined, respectivel...

وصف كامل

محفوظ في:
التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
المؤلف الرئيسي: Suelen H. Qassim (13777594) (author)
مؤلفون آخرون: Hiam Chemaitelly (439114) (author), Houssein H. Ayoub (9262512) (author), Peter Coyle (787159) (author), Patrick Tang (239534) (author), Hadi M. Yassine (4675846) (author), Asmaa A. Al Thani (10494576) (author), Hebah A. Al-Khatib (6837266) (author), Mohammad R. Hasan (13777597) (author), Zaina Al-Kanaani (4557205) (author), Einas Al-Kuwari (13777606) (author), Andrew Jeremijenko (11506565) (author), Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal (11847034) (author), Ali Nizar Latif (11570540) (author), Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik (11847037) (author), Hanan F. Abdul-Rahim (13777600) (author), Gheyath K. Nasrallah (9200525) (author), Mohamed Ghaith Al-Kuwari (4264192) (author), Adeel A. Butt (3697705) (author), Hamad Eid Al-Romaihi (6837251) (author), Mohamed H. Al-Thani (11847049) (author), Abdullatif Al-Khal (11721410) (author), Roberto Bertollini (9538620) (author), Laith J. Abu-Raddad (9262524) (author)
منشور في: 2023
الموضوعات:
الوسوم: إضافة وسم
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author Suelen H. Qassim (13777594)
author2 Hiam Chemaitelly (439114)
Houssein H. Ayoub (9262512)
Peter Coyle (787159)
Patrick Tang (239534)
Hadi M. Yassine (4675846)
Asmaa A. Al Thani (10494576)
Hebah A. Al-Khatib (6837266)
Mohammad R. Hasan (13777597)
Zaina Al-Kanaani (4557205)
Einas Al-Kuwari (13777606)
Andrew Jeremijenko (11506565)
Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal (11847034)
Ali Nizar Latif (11570540)
Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik (11847037)
Hanan F. Abdul-Rahim (13777600)
Gheyath K. Nasrallah (9200525)
Mohamed Ghaith Al-Kuwari (4264192)
Adeel A. Butt (3697705)
Hamad Eid Al-Romaihi (6837251)
Mohamed H. Al-Thani (11847049)
Abdullatif Al-Khal (11721410)
Roberto Bertollini (9538620)
Laith J. Abu-Raddad (9262524)
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author_facet Suelen H. Qassim (13777594)
Hiam Chemaitelly (439114)
Houssein H. Ayoub (9262512)
Peter Coyle (787159)
Patrick Tang (239534)
Hadi M. Yassine (4675846)
Asmaa A. Al Thani (10494576)
Hebah A. Al-Khatib (6837266)
Mohammad R. Hasan (13777597)
Zaina Al-Kanaani (4557205)
Einas Al-Kuwari (13777606)
Andrew Jeremijenko (11506565)
Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal (11847034)
Ali Nizar Latif (11570540)
Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik (11847037)
Hanan F. Abdul-Rahim (13777600)
Gheyath K. Nasrallah (9200525)
Mohamed Ghaith Al-Kuwari (4264192)
Adeel A. Butt (3697705)
Hamad Eid Al-Romaihi (6837251)
Mohamed H. Al-Thani (11847049)
Abdullatif Al-Khal (11721410)
Roberto Bertollini (9538620)
Laith J. Abu-Raddad (9262524)
author_role author
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Suelen H. Qassim (13777594)
Hiam Chemaitelly (439114)
Houssein H. Ayoub (9262512)
Peter Coyle (787159)
Patrick Tang (239534)
Hadi M. Yassine (4675846)
Asmaa A. Al Thani (10494576)
Hebah A. Al-Khatib (6837266)
Mohammad R. Hasan (13777597)
Zaina Al-Kanaani (4557205)
Einas Al-Kuwari (13777606)
Andrew Jeremijenko (11506565)
Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal (11847034)
Ali Nizar Latif (11570540)
Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik (11847037)
Hanan F. Abdul-Rahim (13777600)
Gheyath K. Nasrallah (9200525)
Mohamed Ghaith Al-Kuwari (4264192)
Adeel A. Butt (3697705)
Hamad Eid Al-Romaihi (6837251)
Mohamed H. Al-Thani (11847049)
Abdullatif Al-Khal (11721410)
Roberto Bertollini (9538620)
Laith J. Abu-Raddad (9262524)
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2023-07-20T12:00:00Z
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102102
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Population_immunity_of_natural_infection_primary-series_vaccination_and_booster_vaccination_in_Qatar_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic_an_observational_study/26830207
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv CC BY 4.0
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Biological sciences
Microbiology
Biomedical and clinical sciences
Immunology
Health sciences
Epidemiology
Public health
COVID-19
Immunity
Natural infection
VaccineTest-negative
Epidemiology
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Population immunity of natural infection, primary-series vaccination, and booster vaccination in Qatar during the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational study
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv Text
Journal contribution
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
text
contribution to journal
description <h3>Background </h3><p dir="ltr">Waning of natural infection protection and vaccine protection highlight the need to evaluate changes in population immunity over time. Population immunity of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection or of COVID-19 vaccination are defined, respectively, as the overall protection against reinfection or against breakthrough infection at a given point in time in a given population. </p><h3>Methods </h3><p dir="ltr">We estimated these population immunities in Qatar's population between July 1, 2020 and November 30, 2022, to discern generic features of the epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2. Effectiveness of previous infection, mRNA primary-series vaccination, and mRNA booster (third-dose) vaccination in preventing infection were estimated, month by month, using matched, test-negative, case–control studies. </p><h3>Findings </h3><p dir="ltr">Previous-infection effectiveness against reinfection was strong before emergence of Omicron, but declined with time after a wave and rebounded after a new wave. Effectiveness dropped after Omicron emergence from 88.3% (95% CI: 84.8–91.0%) in November 2021 to 51.0% (95% CI: 48.3–53.6%) in December 2021. Primary-series effectiveness against infection was 84.0% (95% CI: 83.0–85.0%) in April 2021, soon after introduction of vaccination, before waning gradually to 52.7% (95% CI: 46.5–58.2%) by November 2021. Effectiveness declined linearly by ∼1 percentage point every 5 days. After Omicron emergence, effectiveness dropped from 52.7% (95% CI: 46.5–58.2%) in November 2021 to negligible levels in December 2021. Booster effectiveness dropped after Omicron emergence from 83.0% (95% CI: 65.6–91.6%) in November 2021 to 32.9% (95% CI: 26.7–38.5%) in December 2021, and continued to decline thereafter. Effectiveness of previous infection and vaccination against severe, critical, or fatal COVID-19 were generally >80% throughout the study duration. </p><h3>Interpretation </h3><p dir="ltr">High population immunity against infection may not be sustained beyond a year, but population immunity against severe COVID-19 is durable with slow waning even after Omicron emergence. </p><h3>Funding </h3><p dir="ltr">The Biomedical Research Program and the Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and the Biomathematics Research Core, both at Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Ministry of Public Health, Hamad Medical Corporation, Sidra Medicine, Qatar Genome Programme, Qatar University Biomedical Research Center, and Qatar University Internal Grant ID QUCG-CAS-23/24-114.</p><h2>Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: eClinicalMedicine<br>License: <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102102" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102102</a></p>
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oai_identifier_str oai:figshare.com:article/26830207
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spelling Population immunity of natural infection, primary-series vaccination, and booster vaccination in Qatar during the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational studySuelen H. Qassim (13777594)Hiam Chemaitelly (439114)Houssein H. Ayoub (9262512)Peter Coyle (787159)Patrick Tang (239534)Hadi M. Yassine (4675846)Asmaa A. Al Thani (10494576)Hebah A. Al-Khatib (6837266)Mohammad R. Hasan (13777597)Zaina Al-Kanaani (4557205)Einas Al-Kuwari (13777606)Andrew Jeremijenko (11506565)Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal (11847034)Ali Nizar Latif (11570540)Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik (11847037)Hanan F. Abdul-Rahim (13777600)Gheyath K. Nasrallah (9200525)Mohamed Ghaith Al-Kuwari (4264192)Adeel A. Butt (3697705)Hamad Eid Al-Romaihi (6837251)Mohamed H. Al-Thani (11847049)Abdullatif Al-Khal (11721410)Roberto Bertollini (9538620)Laith J. Abu-Raddad (9262524)Biological sciencesMicrobiologyBiomedical and clinical sciencesImmunologyHealth sciencesEpidemiologyPublic healthCOVID-19ImmunityNatural infectionVaccineTest-negativeEpidemiology<h3>Background </h3><p dir="ltr">Waning of natural infection protection and vaccine protection highlight the need to evaluate changes in population immunity over time. Population immunity of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection or of COVID-19 vaccination are defined, respectively, as the overall protection against reinfection or against breakthrough infection at a given point in time in a given population. </p><h3>Methods </h3><p dir="ltr">We estimated these population immunities in Qatar's population between July 1, 2020 and November 30, 2022, to discern generic features of the epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2. Effectiveness of previous infection, mRNA primary-series vaccination, and mRNA booster (third-dose) vaccination in preventing infection were estimated, month by month, using matched, test-negative, case–control studies. </p><h3>Findings </h3><p dir="ltr">Previous-infection effectiveness against reinfection was strong before emergence of Omicron, but declined with time after a wave and rebounded after a new wave. Effectiveness dropped after Omicron emergence from 88.3% (95% CI: 84.8–91.0%) in November 2021 to 51.0% (95% CI: 48.3–53.6%) in December 2021. Primary-series effectiveness against infection was 84.0% (95% CI: 83.0–85.0%) in April 2021, soon after introduction of vaccination, before waning gradually to 52.7% (95% CI: 46.5–58.2%) by November 2021. Effectiveness declined linearly by ∼1 percentage point every 5 days. After Omicron emergence, effectiveness dropped from 52.7% (95% CI: 46.5–58.2%) in November 2021 to negligible levels in December 2021. Booster effectiveness dropped after Omicron emergence from 83.0% (95% CI: 65.6–91.6%) in November 2021 to 32.9% (95% CI: 26.7–38.5%) in December 2021, and continued to decline thereafter. Effectiveness of previous infection and vaccination against severe, critical, or fatal COVID-19 were generally >80% throughout the study duration. </p><h3>Interpretation </h3><p dir="ltr">High population immunity against infection may not be sustained beyond a year, but population immunity against severe COVID-19 is durable with slow waning even after Omicron emergence. </p><h3>Funding </h3><p dir="ltr">The Biomedical Research Program and the Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and the Biomathematics Research Core, both at Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Ministry of Public Health, Hamad Medical Corporation, Sidra Medicine, Qatar Genome Programme, Qatar University Biomedical Research Center, and Qatar University Internal Grant ID QUCG-CAS-23/24-114.</p><h2>Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: eClinicalMedicine<br>License: <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102102" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102102</a></p>2023-07-20T12:00:00ZTextJournal contributioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontextcontribution to journal10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102102https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Population_immunity_of_natural_infection_primary-series_vaccination_and_booster_vaccination_in_Qatar_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic_an_observational_study/26830207CC BY 4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:figshare.com:article/268302072023-07-20T12:00:00Z
spellingShingle Population immunity of natural infection, primary-series vaccination, and booster vaccination in Qatar during the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational study
Suelen H. Qassim (13777594)
Biological sciences
Microbiology
Biomedical and clinical sciences
Immunology
Health sciences
Epidemiology
Public health
COVID-19
Immunity
Natural infection
VaccineTest-negative
Epidemiology
status_str publishedVersion
title Population immunity of natural infection, primary-series vaccination, and booster vaccination in Qatar during the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational study
title_full Population immunity of natural infection, primary-series vaccination, and booster vaccination in Qatar during the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational study
title_fullStr Population immunity of natural infection, primary-series vaccination, and booster vaccination in Qatar during the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational study
title_full_unstemmed Population immunity of natural infection, primary-series vaccination, and booster vaccination in Qatar during the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational study
title_short Population immunity of natural infection, primary-series vaccination, and booster vaccination in Qatar during the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational study
title_sort Population immunity of natural infection, primary-series vaccination, and booster vaccination in Qatar during the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational study
topic Biological sciences
Microbiology
Biomedical and clinical sciences
Immunology
Health sciences
Epidemiology
Public health
COVID-19
Immunity
Natural infection
VaccineTest-negative
Epidemiology