Epstein–Barr Virus Epidemiology, Serology, and Genetic Variability of LMP-1 Oncogene Among Healthy Population: An Update
<p dir="ltr">The Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is a DNA lymphotropic herpesvirus and the causative agent of infectious mononucleosis. EBV is highly prevalent since it affects more than 90% of individuals worldwide and has been linked to several malignancies including PTLDs, which are one...
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| مؤلفون آخرون: | , , , , |
| منشور في: |
2018
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| _version_ | 1864513525994487808 |
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| author | Maria K. Smatti (4675852) |
| author2 | Duaa W. Al-Sadeq (10976754) Nadima H. Ali (18069376) Gianfranco Pintus (91638) Haissam Abou-Saleh (497840) Gheyath K. Nasrallah (9200525) |
| author2_role | author author author author author |
| author_facet | Maria K. Smatti (4675852) Duaa W. Al-Sadeq (10976754) Nadima H. Ali (18069376) Gianfranco Pintus (91638) Haissam Abou-Saleh (497840) Gheyath K. Nasrallah (9200525) |
| author_role | author |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Maria K. Smatti (4675852) Duaa W. Al-Sadeq (10976754) Nadima H. Ali (18069376) Gianfranco Pintus (91638) Haissam Abou-Saleh (497840) Gheyath K. Nasrallah (9200525) |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv | 2018-06-13T03:00:00Z |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | 10.3389/fonc.2018.00211 |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv | https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Epstein_Barr_Virus_Epidemiology_Serology_and_Genetic_Variability_of_LMP-1_Oncogene_Among_Healthy_Population_An_Update/25304269 |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | Biomedical and clinical sciences Oncology and carcinogenesis blood donors Epstein–Barr virus LMP-1 oncogene seroprevalence transfusion viremia |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | Epstein–Barr Virus Epidemiology, Serology, and Genetic Variability of LMP-1 Oncogene Among Healthy Population: An Update |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | Text Journal contribution info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion text contribution to journal |
| description | <p dir="ltr">The Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is a DNA lymphotropic herpesvirus and the causative agent of infectious mononucleosis. EBV is highly prevalent since it affects more than 90% of individuals worldwide and has been linked to several malignancies including PTLDs, which are one of the most common malignancies following transplantation. Among all the EBV genes, most of the recent investigations focused on studying the LMP-1 oncogene because of its high degree of polymorphism and association with tumorigenic activity. There are two main EBV genotypes, Type 1 and 2, distinguished by the differences in the EBNA-2 gene. Further sub genotyping can be characterized by analyzing the LMP-1 gene variation. The virus primarily transmits through oral secretions and persists as a latent infection in human B-cells. However, it can be transmitted through organ transplantations and blood transfusions. In addition, symptoms of EBV infection are not distinguishable from other viral infections, and therefore, it remains questionable whether there is a need to screen for EBV prior to blood transfusion. Although the process of leukoreduction decreases the viral copies present in the leukocytes, it does not eliminate the risk of EBV transmission through blood products. Here, we provide a review of the EBV epidemiology and the genetic variability of the oncogene LMP-1. Then, we underscore the findings of recent EBV seroprevalence and viremia studies among blood donors as a highly prevalent transfusion transmissible oncovirus.</p><h2>Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: Frontiers in Oncology<br>License: <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2018.00211" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2018.00211</a></p> |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| id | Manara2_7af381025f29921d61af8ec628de972a |
| identifier_str_mv | 10.3389/fonc.2018.00211 |
| network_acronym_str | Manara2 |
| network_name_str | Manara2 |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:figshare.com:article/25304269 |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv | |
| repository_id_str | |
| rights_invalid_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 |
| spelling | Epstein–Barr Virus Epidemiology, Serology, and Genetic Variability of LMP-1 Oncogene Among Healthy Population: An UpdateMaria K. Smatti (4675852)Duaa W. Al-Sadeq (10976754)Nadima H. Ali (18069376)Gianfranco Pintus (91638)Haissam Abou-Saleh (497840)Gheyath K. Nasrallah (9200525)Biomedical and clinical sciencesOncology and carcinogenesisblood donorsEpstein–Barr virusLMP-1 oncogeneseroprevalencetransfusionviremia<p dir="ltr">The Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is a DNA lymphotropic herpesvirus and the causative agent of infectious mononucleosis. EBV is highly prevalent since it affects more than 90% of individuals worldwide and has been linked to several malignancies including PTLDs, which are one of the most common malignancies following transplantation. Among all the EBV genes, most of the recent investigations focused on studying the LMP-1 oncogene because of its high degree of polymorphism and association with tumorigenic activity. There are two main EBV genotypes, Type 1 and 2, distinguished by the differences in the EBNA-2 gene. Further sub genotyping can be characterized by analyzing the LMP-1 gene variation. The virus primarily transmits through oral secretions and persists as a latent infection in human B-cells. However, it can be transmitted through organ transplantations and blood transfusions. In addition, symptoms of EBV infection are not distinguishable from other viral infections, and therefore, it remains questionable whether there is a need to screen for EBV prior to blood transfusion. Although the process of leukoreduction decreases the viral copies present in the leukocytes, it does not eliminate the risk of EBV transmission through blood products. Here, we provide a review of the EBV epidemiology and the genetic variability of the oncogene LMP-1. Then, we underscore the findings of recent EBV seroprevalence and viremia studies among blood donors as a highly prevalent transfusion transmissible oncovirus.</p><h2>Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: Frontiers in Oncology<br>License: <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2018.00211" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2018.00211</a></p>2018-06-13T03:00:00ZTextJournal contributioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontextcontribution to journal10.3389/fonc.2018.00211https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Epstein_Barr_Virus_Epidemiology_Serology_and_Genetic_Variability_of_LMP-1_Oncogene_Among_Healthy_Population_An_Update/25304269CC BY 4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:figshare.com:article/253042692018-06-13T03:00:00Z |
| spellingShingle | Epstein–Barr Virus Epidemiology, Serology, and Genetic Variability of LMP-1 Oncogene Among Healthy Population: An Update Maria K. Smatti (4675852) Biomedical and clinical sciences Oncology and carcinogenesis blood donors Epstein–Barr virus LMP-1 oncogene seroprevalence transfusion viremia |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | Epstein–Barr Virus Epidemiology, Serology, and Genetic Variability of LMP-1 Oncogene Among Healthy Population: An Update |
| title_full | Epstein–Barr Virus Epidemiology, Serology, and Genetic Variability of LMP-1 Oncogene Among Healthy Population: An Update |
| title_fullStr | Epstein–Barr Virus Epidemiology, Serology, and Genetic Variability of LMP-1 Oncogene Among Healthy Population: An Update |
| title_full_unstemmed | Epstein–Barr Virus Epidemiology, Serology, and Genetic Variability of LMP-1 Oncogene Among Healthy Population: An Update |
| title_short | Epstein–Barr Virus Epidemiology, Serology, and Genetic Variability of LMP-1 Oncogene Among Healthy Population: An Update |
| title_sort | Epstein–Barr Virus Epidemiology, Serology, and Genetic Variability of LMP-1 Oncogene Among Healthy Population: An Update |
| topic | Biomedical and clinical sciences Oncology and carcinogenesis blood donors Epstein–Barr virus LMP-1 oncogene seroprevalence transfusion viremia |