Effectiveness of two and three doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines against infection, symptoms, and severity in the pre-omicron era: A time-dependent gradient

<h3>Background</h3><p dir="ltr">Vaccines were developed and deployed to combat severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. This study aimed to characterize patterns in the protection provided by the BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 mRNA vaccines against...

وصف كامل

محفوظ في:
التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
المؤلف الرئيسي: Layan Sukik (6619544) (author)
مؤلفون آخرون: Hiam Chemaitelly (439114) (author), Houssein H. Ayoub (9262512) (author), Peter Coyle (787159) (author), Patrick Tang (239534) (author), Hadi M. Yassine (4675846) (author), Asmaa A. Al Thani (10494576) (author), Mohammad R. Hasan (13777597) (author), Zaina Al-Kanaani (4557205) (author), Einas Al-Kuwari (13777606) (author), Andrew Jeremijenko (11506565) (author), Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal (11847034) (author), Ali Nizar Latif (11570540) (author), Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik (11847037) (author), Hanan F. Abdul-Rahim (13777600) (author), Gheyath K. Nasrallah (9200525) (author), Mohamed Ghaith Al-Kuwari (4264192) (author), Adeel A. Butt (3697705) (author), Hamad Eid Al-Romaihi (6837251) (author), Mohamed H. Al-Thani (11847049) (author), Abdullatif Al-Khal (11721410) (author), Roberto Bertollini (9538620) (author), Manar E. Abdel-Rahman (5593553) (author), Laith J. Abu-Raddad (9262524) (author)
منشور في: 2024
الموضوعات:
الوسوم: إضافة وسم
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_version_ 1864513516003655680
author Layan Sukik (6619544)
author2 Hiam Chemaitelly (439114)
Houssein H. Ayoub (9262512)
Peter Coyle (787159)
Patrick Tang (239534)
Hadi M. Yassine (4675846)
Asmaa A. Al Thani (10494576)
Mohammad R. Hasan (13777597)
Zaina Al-Kanaani (4557205)
Einas Al-Kuwari (13777606)
Andrew Jeremijenko (11506565)
Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal (11847034)
Ali Nizar Latif (11570540)
Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik (11847037)
Hanan F. Abdul-Rahim (13777600)
Gheyath K. Nasrallah (9200525)
Mohamed Ghaith Al-Kuwari (4264192)
Adeel A. Butt (3697705)
Hamad Eid Al-Romaihi (6837251)
Mohamed H. Al-Thani (11847049)
Abdullatif Al-Khal (11721410)
Roberto Bertollini (9538620)
Manar E. Abdel-Rahman (5593553)
Laith J. Abu-Raddad (9262524)
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author_facet Layan Sukik (6619544)
Hiam Chemaitelly (439114)
Houssein H. Ayoub (9262512)
Peter Coyle (787159)
Patrick Tang (239534)
Hadi M. Yassine (4675846)
Asmaa A. Al Thani (10494576)
Mohammad R. Hasan (13777597)
Zaina Al-Kanaani (4557205)
Einas Al-Kuwari (13777606)
Andrew Jeremijenko (11506565)
Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal (11847034)
Ali Nizar Latif (11570540)
Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik (11847037)
Hanan F. Abdul-Rahim (13777600)
Gheyath K. Nasrallah (9200525)
Mohamed Ghaith Al-Kuwari (4264192)
Adeel A. Butt (3697705)
Hamad Eid Al-Romaihi (6837251)
Mohamed H. Al-Thani (11847049)
Abdullatif Al-Khal (11721410)
Roberto Bertollini (9538620)
Manar E. Abdel-Rahman (5593553)
Laith J. Abu-Raddad (9262524)
author_role author
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Layan Sukik (6619544)
Hiam Chemaitelly (439114)
Houssein H. Ayoub (9262512)
Peter Coyle (787159)
Patrick Tang (239534)
Hadi M. Yassine (4675846)
Asmaa A. Al Thani (10494576)
Mohammad R. Hasan (13777597)
Zaina Al-Kanaani (4557205)
Einas Al-Kuwari (13777606)
Andrew Jeremijenko (11506565)
Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal (11847034)
Ali Nizar Latif (11570540)
Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik (11847037)
Hanan F. Abdul-Rahim (13777600)
Gheyath K. Nasrallah (9200525)
Mohamed Ghaith Al-Kuwari (4264192)
Adeel A. Butt (3697705)
Hamad Eid Al-Romaihi (6837251)
Mohamed H. Al-Thani (11847049)
Abdullatif Al-Khal (11721410)
Roberto Bertollini (9538620)
Manar E. Abdel-Rahman (5593553)
Laith J. Abu-Raddad (9262524)
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2024-05-22T03:00:00Z
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.04.026
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Effectiveness_of_two_and_three_doses_of_COVID-19_mRNA_vaccines_against_infection_symptoms_and_severity_in_the_pre-omicron_era_A_time-dependent_gradient/25827124
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv CC BY 4.0
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Biomedical and clinical sciences
Clinical sciences
Health sciences
Epidemiology
Public health
mRNA
COVID-19
Severity
Waning
Case-control
Test-negative
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Effectiveness of two and three doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines against infection, symptoms, and severity in the pre-omicron era: A time-dependent gradient
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv Text
Journal contribution
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
text
contribution to journal
description <h3>Background</h3><p dir="ltr">Vaccines were developed and deployed to combat severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. This study aimed to characterize patterns in the protection provided by the BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 mRNA vaccines against a spectrum of SARS-CoV-2 infection symptoms and severities.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p dir="ltr">A national, matched, test-negative, case-control study was conducted in Qatar between January 1 and December 18, 2021, utilizing a sample of 238,896 PCR-positive tests and 6,533,739 PCR-negative tests. Vaccine effectiveness was estimated against asymptomatic, symptomatic, severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), critical COVID-19, and fatal COVID-19 infections. Data sources included Qatar's national databases for COVID-19 laboratory testing, vaccination, hospitalization, and death.</p><h3>Results</h3><p dir="ltr">Effectiveness of two-dose BNT162b2 vaccination was 75.6% (95% CI: 73.6–77.5) against asymptomatic infection and 76.5% (95% CI: 75.1–77.9) against symptomatic infection. Effectiveness against each of severe, critical, and fatal COVID-19 infections surpassed 90%. Immediately after the second dose, all categories—namely, asymptomatic, symptomatic, severe, critical, and fatal COVID-19—exhibited similarly high effectiveness. However, from 181 to 270 days post-second dose, effectiveness against asymptomatic and symptomatic infections declined to below 40%, while effectiveness against each of severe, critical, and fatal COVID-19 infections remained consistently high. However, estimates against fatal COVID-19 often had wide 95% confidence intervals. Analogous patterns were observed in three-dose BNT162b2 vaccination and two- and three-dose mRNA-1273 vaccination. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the results.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p dir="ltr">A gradient in vaccine effectiveness exists and is linked to the symptoms and severity of infection, providing higher protection against more symptomatic and severe cases. This gradient intensifies over time as vaccine immunity wanes after the last vaccine dose. These patterns appear consistent irrespective of the vaccine type or whether the vaccination involves the primary series or a booster.</p><h2>Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: Vaccine<br>License: <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.04.026" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.04.026</a></p><p dir="ltr">Additional institutions affiliated with: Hamad Bin Khalifa University</p>
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
id Manara2_8dcc307499fac5217bfb14d157fbc374
identifier_str_mv 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.04.026
network_acronym_str Manara2
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oai_identifier_str oai:figshare.com:article/25827124
publishDate 2024
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spelling Effectiveness of two and three doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines against infection, symptoms, and severity in the pre-omicron era: A time-dependent gradientLayan Sukik (6619544)Hiam Chemaitelly (439114)Houssein H. Ayoub (9262512)Peter Coyle (787159)Patrick Tang (239534)Hadi M. Yassine (4675846)Asmaa A. Al Thani (10494576)Mohammad R. Hasan (13777597)Zaina Al-Kanaani (4557205)Einas Al-Kuwari (13777606)Andrew Jeremijenko (11506565)Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal (11847034)Ali Nizar Latif (11570540)Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik (11847037)Hanan F. Abdul-Rahim (13777600)Gheyath K. Nasrallah (9200525)Mohamed Ghaith Al-Kuwari (4264192)Adeel A. Butt (3697705)Hamad Eid Al-Romaihi (6837251)Mohamed H. Al-Thani (11847049)Abdullatif Al-Khal (11721410)Roberto Bertollini (9538620)Manar E. Abdel-Rahman (5593553)Laith J. Abu-Raddad (9262524)Biomedical and clinical sciencesClinical sciencesHealth sciencesEpidemiologyPublic healthmRNACOVID-19SeverityWaningCase-controlTest-negative<h3>Background</h3><p dir="ltr">Vaccines were developed and deployed to combat severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. This study aimed to characterize patterns in the protection provided by the BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 mRNA vaccines against a spectrum of SARS-CoV-2 infection symptoms and severities.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p dir="ltr">A national, matched, test-negative, case-control study was conducted in Qatar between January 1 and December 18, 2021, utilizing a sample of 238,896 PCR-positive tests and 6,533,739 PCR-negative tests. Vaccine effectiveness was estimated against asymptomatic, symptomatic, severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), critical COVID-19, and fatal COVID-19 infections. Data sources included Qatar's national databases for COVID-19 laboratory testing, vaccination, hospitalization, and death.</p><h3>Results</h3><p dir="ltr">Effectiveness of two-dose BNT162b2 vaccination was 75.6% (95% CI: 73.6–77.5) against asymptomatic infection and 76.5% (95% CI: 75.1–77.9) against symptomatic infection. Effectiveness against each of severe, critical, and fatal COVID-19 infections surpassed 90%. Immediately after the second dose, all categories—namely, asymptomatic, symptomatic, severe, critical, and fatal COVID-19—exhibited similarly high effectiveness. However, from 181 to 270 days post-second dose, effectiveness against asymptomatic and symptomatic infections declined to below 40%, while effectiveness against each of severe, critical, and fatal COVID-19 infections remained consistently high. However, estimates against fatal COVID-19 often had wide 95% confidence intervals. Analogous patterns were observed in three-dose BNT162b2 vaccination and two- and three-dose mRNA-1273 vaccination. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the results.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p dir="ltr">A gradient in vaccine effectiveness exists and is linked to the symptoms and severity of infection, providing higher protection against more symptomatic and severe cases. This gradient intensifies over time as vaccine immunity wanes after the last vaccine dose. These patterns appear consistent irrespective of the vaccine type or whether the vaccination involves the primary series or a booster.</p><h2>Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: Vaccine<br>License: <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.04.026" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.04.026</a></p><p dir="ltr">Additional institutions affiliated with: Hamad Bin Khalifa University</p>2024-05-22T03:00:00ZTextJournal contributioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontextcontribution to journal10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.04.026https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Effectiveness_of_two_and_three_doses_of_COVID-19_mRNA_vaccines_against_infection_symptoms_and_severity_in_the_pre-omicron_era_A_time-dependent_gradient/25827124CC BY 4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:figshare.com:article/258271242024-05-22T03:00:00Z
spellingShingle Effectiveness of two and three doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines against infection, symptoms, and severity in the pre-omicron era: A time-dependent gradient
Layan Sukik (6619544)
Biomedical and clinical sciences
Clinical sciences
Health sciences
Epidemiology
Public health
mRNA
COVID-19
Severity
Waning
Case-control
Test-negative
status_str publishedVersion
title Effectiveness of two and three doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines against infection, symptoms, and severity in the pre-omicron era: A time-dependent gradient
title_full Effectiveness of two and three doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines against infection, symptoms, and severity in the pre-omicron era: A time-dependent gradient
title_fullStr Effectiveness of two and three doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines against infection, symptoms, and severity in the pre-omicron era: A time-dependent gradient
title_full_unstemmed Effectiveness of two and three doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines against infection, symptoms, and severity in the pre-omicron era: A time-dependent gradient
title_short Effectiveness of two and three doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines against infection, symptoms, and severity in the pre-omicron era: A time-dependent gradient
title_sort Effectiveness of two and three doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines against infection, symptoms, and severity in the pre-omicron era: A time-dependent gradient
topic Biomedical and clinical sciences
Clinical sciences
Health sciences
Epidemiology
Public health
mRNA
COVID-19
Severity
Waning
Case-control
Test-negative