Biomaterials in Traumatic Brain Injury: Perspectives and Challenges
<p dir="ltr">Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of mortality and long-term impairment globally. TBI has a dynamic pathology, encompassing a variety of metabolic and molecular events that occur in two phases: primary and secondary. A forceful external blow to the brain in...
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2023
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| author | Sarah Aqel (17787809) |
| author2 | Najlaa A. Al Thani (17788493) Mohammad Z. Haider (5429717) Samar Abdelhady (22481931) Asmaa A. Al Thani (22045214) Firas Kobeissy (17849094) Abdullah Shaito (20545181) |
| author2_role | author author author author author author |
| author_facet | Sarah Aqel (17787809) Najlaa A. Al Thani (17788493) Mohammad Z. Haider (5429717) Samar Abdelhady (22481931) Asmaa A. Al Thani (22045214) Firas Kobeissy (17849094) Abdullah Shaito (20545181) |
| author_role | author |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Sarah Aqel (17787809) Najlaa A. Al Thani (17788493) Mohammad Z. Haider (5429717) Samar Abdelhady (22481931) Asmaa A. Al Thani (22045214) Firas Kobeissy (17849094) Abdullah Shaito (20545181) |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv | 2023-10-29T03:00:00Z |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | 10.3390/biology13010021 |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv | https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Biomaterials_in_Traumatic_Brain_Injury_Perspectives_and_Challenges/30415108 |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | Biological sciences Biochemistry and cell biology Biomedical and clinical sciences Medical biotechnology Neurosciences Engineering Biomedical engineering Health sciences Allied health and rehabilitation science traumatic brain injury TBI biomaterials hydrogels self-assembling peptides electrospinning |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | Biomaterials in Traumatic Brain Injury: Perspectives and Challenges |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | Text Journal contribution info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion text contribution to journal |
| description | <p dir="ltr">Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of mortality and long-term impairment globally. TBI has a dynamic pathology, encompassing a variety of metabolic and molecular events that occur in two phases: primary and secondary. A forceful external blow to the brain initiates the primary phase, followed by a secondary phase that involves the release of calcium ions (Ca<sup>2+</sup>) and the initiation of a cascade of inflammatory processes, including mitochondrial dysfunction, a rise in oxidative stress, activation of glial cells, and damage to the blood–brain barrier (BBB), resulting in paracellular leakage. Currently, there are no FDA-approved drugs for TBI, but existing approaches rely on delivering micro- and macromolecular treatments, which are constrained by the BBB, poor retention, off-target toxicity, and the complex pathology of TBI. Therefore, there is a demand for innovative and alternative therapeutics with effective delivery tactics for the diagnosis and treatment of TBI. Tissue engineering, which includes the use of biomaterials, is one such alternative approach. Biomaterials, such as hydrogels, including self-assembling peptides and electrospun nanofibers, can be used alone or in combination with neuronal stem cells to induce neurite outgrowth, the differentiation of human neural stem cells, and nerve gap bridging in TBI. This review examines the inclusion of biomaterials as potential treatments for TBI, including their types, synthesis, and mechanisms of action. This review also discusses the challenges faced by the use of biomaterials in TBI, including the development of biodegradable, biocompatible, and mechanically flexible biomaterials and, if combined with stem cells, the survival rate of the transplanted stem cells. A better understanding of the mechanisms and drawbacks of these novel therapeutic approaches will help to guide the design of future TBI therapies.</p><h2>Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: Biology<br>License: <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" target="_blank">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13010021" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13010021</a></p> |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| id | Manara2_a046a2e2ee7a94b5800d542a40382eeb |
| identifier_str_mv | 10.3390/biology13010021 |
| network_acronym_str | Manara2 |
| network_name_str | Manara2 |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:figshare.com:article/30415108 |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv | |
| repository_id_str | |
| rights_invalid_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 |
| spelling | Biomaterials in Traumatic Brain Injury: Perspectives and ChallengesSarah Aqel (17787809)Najlaa A. Al Thani (17788493)Mohammad Z. Haider (5429717)Samar Abdelhady (22481931)Asmaa A. Al Thani (22045214)Firas Kobeissy (17849094)Abdullah Shaito (20545181)Biological sciencesBiochemistry and cell biologyBiomedical and clinical sciencesMedical biotechnologyNeurosciencesEngineeringBiomedical engineeringHealth sciencesAllied health and rehabilitation sciencetraumatic brain injuryTBIbiomaterialshydrogelsself-assembling peptideselectrospinning<p dir="ltr">Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of mortality and long-term impairment globally. TBI has a dynamic pathology, encompassing a variety of metabolic and molecular events that occur in two phases: primary and secondary. A forceful external blow to the brain initiates the primary phase, followed by a secondary phase that involves the release of calcium ions (Ca<sup>2+</sup>) and the initiation of a cascade of inflammatory processes, including mitochondrial dysfunction, a rise in oxidative stress, activation of glial cells, and damage to the blood–brain barrier (BBB), resulting in paracellular leakage. Currently, there are no FDA-approved drugs for TBI, but existing approaches rely on delivering micro- and macromolecular treatments, which are constrained by the BBB, poor retention, off-target toxicity, and the complex pathology of TBI. Therefore, there is a demand for innovative and alternative therapeutics with effective delivery tactics for the diagnosis and treatment of TBI. Tissue engineering, which includes the use of biomaterials, is one such alternative approach. Biomaterials, such as hydrogels, including self-assembling peptides and electrospun nanofibers, can be used alone or in combination with neuronal stem cells to induce neurite outgrowth, the differentiation of human neural stem cells, and nerve gap bridging in TBI. This review examines the inclusion of biomaterials as potential treatments for TBI, including their types, synthesis, and mechanisms of action. This review also discusses the challenges faced by the use of biomaterials in TBI, including the development of biodegradable, biocompatible, and mechanically flexible biomaterials and, if combined with stem cells, the survival rate of the transplanted stem cells. A better understanding of the mechanisms and drawbacks of these novel therapeutic approaches will help to guide the design of future TBI therapies.</p><h2>Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: Biology<br>License: <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" target="_blank">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13010021" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13010021</a></p>2023-10-29T03:00:00ZTextJournal contributioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontextcontribution to journal10.3390/biology13010021https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Biomaterials_in_Traumatic_Brain_Injury_Perspectives_and_Challenges/30415108CC BY 4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:figshare.com:article/304151082023-10-29T03:00:00Z |
| spellingShingle | Biomaterials in Traumatic Brain Injury: Perspectives and Challenges Sarah Aqel (17787809) Biological sciences Biochemistry and cell biology Biomedical and clinical sciences Medical biotechnology Neurosciences Engineering Biomedical engineering Health sciences Allied health and rehabilitation science traumatic brain injury TBI biomaterials hydrogels self-assembling peptides electrospinning |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | Biomaterials in Traumatic Brain Injury: Perspectives and Challenges |
| title_full | Biomaterials in Traumatic Brain Injury: Perspectives and Challenges |
| title_fullStr | Biomaterials in Traumatic Brain Injury: Perspectives and Challenges |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biomaterials in Traumatic Brain Injury: Perspectives and Challenges |
| title_short | Biomaterials in Traumatic Brain Injury: Perspectives and Challenges |
| title_sort | Biomaterials in Traumatic Brain Injury: Perspectives and Challenges |
| topic | Biological sciences Biochemistry and cell biology Biomedical and clinical sciences Medical biotechnology Neurosciences Engineering Biomedical engineering Health sciences Allied health and rehabilitation science traumatic brain injury TBI biomaterials hydrogels self-assembling peptides electrospinning |