Regular, Intense Exercise Training as a Healthy Aging Lifestyle Strategy: Preventing DNA Damage, Telomere Shortening and Adverse DNA Methylation Changes Over a Lifetime
<p dir="ltr">Exercise training is one of the few therapeutic interventions that improves health span by delaying the onset of age-related diseases and preventing early death. The length of telomeres, the 5′-TTAGGGn-3′ tandem repeats at the ends of mammalian chromosomes, is one of the...
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| مؤلفون آخرون: | , , , |
| منشور في: |
2021
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| _version_ | 1864513531098955776 |
|---|---|
| author | Maha Sellami (4351159) |
| author2 | Nicola Bragazzi (3528797) Mohammad Shoaib Prince (6263813) Joshua Denham (439936) Mohamed Elrayess (3522407) |
| author2_role | author author author author |
| author_facet | Maha Sellami (4351159) Nicola Bragazzi (3528797) Mohammad Shoaib Prince (6263813) Joshua Denham (439936) Mohamed Elrayess (3522407) |
| author_role | author |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Maha Sellami (4351159) Nicola Bragazzi (3528797) Mohammad Shoaib Prince (6263813) Joshua Denham (439936) Mohamed Elrayess (3522407) |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv | 2021-08-06T03:00:00Z |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | 10.3389/fgene.2021.652497 |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv | https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Regular_Intense_Exercise_Training_as_a_Healthy_Aging_Lifestyle_Strategy_Preventing_DNA_Damage_Telomere_Shortening_and_Adverse_DNA_Methylation_Changes_Over_a_Lifetime/24717627 |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | Biological sciences Genetics Health sciences Public health Sports science and exercise physical activity epigenetics telomeras telomerase gene oxidative stress epigenetic clock skeletal muscle |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | Regular, Intense Exercise Training as a Healthy Aging Lifestyle Strategy: Preventing DNA Damage, Telomere Shortening and Adverse DNA Methylation Changes Over a Lifetime |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | Text Journal contribution info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion text contribution to journal |
| description | <p dir="ltr">Exercise training is one of the few therapeutic interventions that improves health span by delaying the onset of age-related diseases and preventing early death. The length of telomeres, the 5′-TTAGGGn-3′ tandem repeats at the ends of mammalian chromosomes, is one of the main indicators of biological age. Telomeres undergo shortening with each cellular division. This subsequently leads to alterations in the expression of several genes that encode vital proteins with critical functions in many tissues throughout the body, and ultimately impacts cardiovascular, immune and muscle physiology. The sub-telomeric DNA is comprised of heavily methylated, heterochromatin. Methylation and histone acetylation are two of the most well-studied examples of the epigenetic modifications that occur on histone proteins. DNA methylation is the type of epigenetic modification that alters gene expression without modifying gene sequence. Although diet, genetic predisposition and a healthy lifestyle seem to alter DNA methylation and telomere length (TL), recent evidence suggests that training status or physical fitness are some of the major factors that control DNA structural modifications. In fact, TL is positively associated with cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity level (sedentary, active, moderately trained, or elite) and training intensity, but is shorter in over-trained athletes. Similarly, somatic cells are vulnerable to exercise-induced epigenetic modification, including DNA methylation. Exercise-training load, however, depends on intensity and volume (duration and frequency). Training load-dependent responses in genomic profiles could underpin the discordant physiological and physical responses to exercise. In the current review, we will discuss the role of various forms of exercise training in the regulation of DNA damage, TL and DNA methylation status in humans, to provide an update on the influence exercise training has on biological aging.</p><h2>Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: Frontiers in Genetics<br>License: <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.652497" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.652497</a></p><p dir="ltr">Disclaimer: The University of Doha for Science and Technology replaced the now-former College of the North Atlantic-Qatar after an Amiri decision in 2022. UDST has become and first national applied University in Qatar; it is also second national University in the country.</p> |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| id | Manara2_a4784b667f68729bd93cdbb9c0c14f77 |
| identifier_str_mv | 10.3389/fgene.2021.652497 |
| network_acronym_str | Manara2 |
| network_name_str | Manara2 |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:figshare.com:article/24717627 |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv | |
| repository_id_str | |
| rights_invalid_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 |
| spelling | Regular, Intense Exercise Training as a Healthy Aging Lifestyle Strategy: Preventing DNA Damage, Telomere Shortening and Adverse DNA Methylation Changes Over a LifetimeMaha Sellami (4351159)Nicola Bragazzi (3528797)Mohammad Shoaib Prince (6263813)Joshua Denham (439936)Mohamed Elrayess (3522407)Biological sciencesGeneticsHealth sciencesPublic healthSports science and exercisephysical activityepigeneticstelomerastelomerasegeneoxidative stressepigenetic clockskeletal muscle<p dir="ltr">Exercise training is one of the few therapeutic interventions that improves health span by delaying the onset of age-related diseases and preventing early death. The length of telomeres, the 5′-TTAGGGn-3′ tandem repeats at the ends of mammalian chromosomes, is one of the main indicators of biological age. Telomeres undergo shortening with each cellular division. This subsequently leads to alterations in the expression of several genes that encode vital proteins with critical functions in many tissues throughout the body, and ultimately impacts cardiovascular, immune and muscle physiology. The sub-telomeric DNA is comprised of heavily methylated, heterochromatin. Methylation and histone acetylation are two of the most well-studied examples of the epigenetic modifications that occur on histone proteins. DNA methylation is the type of epigenetic modification that alters gene expression without modifying gene sequence. Although diet, genetic predisposition and a healthy lifestyle seem to alter DNA methylation and telomere length (TL), recent evidence suggests that training status or physical fitness are some of the major factors that control DNA structural modifications. In fact, TL is positively associated with cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity level (sedentary, active, moderately trained, or elite) and training intensity, but is shorter in over-trained athletes. Similarly, somatic cells are vulnerable to exercise-induced epigenetic modification, including DNA methylation. Exercise-training load, however, depends on intensity and volume (duration and frequency). Training load-dependent responses in genomic profiles could underpin the discordant physiological and physical responses to exercise. In the current review, we will discuss the role of various forms of exercise training in the regulation of DNA damage, TL and DNA methylation status in humans, to provide an update on the influence exercise training has on biological aging.</p><h2>Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: Frontiers in Genetics<br>License: <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.652497" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.652497</a></p><p dir="ltr">Disclaimer: The University of Doha for Science and Technology replaced the now-former College of the North Atlantic-Qatar after an Amiri decision in 2022. UDST has become and first national applied University in Qatar; it is also second national University in the country.</p>2021-08-06T03:00:00ZTextJournal contributioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontextcontribution to journal10.3389/fgene.2021.652497https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Regular_Intense_Exercise_Training_as_a_Healthy_Aging_Lifestyle_Strategy_Preventing_DNA_Damage_Telomere_Shortening_and_Adverse_DNA_Methylation_Changes_Over_a_Lifetime/24717627CC BY 4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:figshare.com:article/247176272021-08-06T03:00:00Z |
| spellingShingle | Regular, Intense Exercise Training as a Healthy Aging Lifestyle Strategy: Preventing DNA Damage, Telomere Shortening and Adverse DNA Methylation Changes Over a Lifetime Maha Sellami (4351159) Biological sciences Genetics Health sciences Public health Sports science and exercise physical activity epigenetics telomeras telomerase gene oxidative stress epigenetic clock skeletal muscle |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | Regular, Intense Exercise Training as a Healthy Aging Lifestyle Strategy: Preventing DNA Damage, Telomere Shortening and Adverse DNA Methylation Changes Over a Lifetime |
| title_full | Regular, Intense Exercise Training as a Healthy Aging Lifestyle Strategy: Preventing DNA Damage, Telomere Shortening and Adverse DNA Methylation Changes Over a Lifetime |
| title_fullStr | Regular, Intense Exercise Training as a Healthy Aging Lifestyle Strategy: Preventing DNA Damage, Telomere Shortening and Adverse DNA Methylation Changes Over a Lifetime |
| title_full_unstemmed | Regular, Intense Exercise Training as a Healthy Aging Lifestyle Strategy: Preventing DNA Damage, Telomere Shortening and Adverse DNA Methylation Changes Over a Lifetime |
| title_short | Regular, Intense Exercise Training as a Healthy Aging Lifestyle Strategy: Preventing DNA Damage, Telomere Shortening and Adverse DNA Methylation Changes Over a Lifetime |
| title_sort | Regular, Intense Exercise Training as a Healthy Aging Lifestyle Strategy: Preventing DNA Damage, Telomere Shortening and Adverse DNA Methylation Changes Over a Lifetime |
| topic | Biological sciences Genetics Health sciences Public health Sports science and exercise physical activity epigenetics telomeras telomerase gene oxidative stress epigenetic clock skeletal muscle |