Empowerment of nurses in qatar: unveiling the relationship between self-esteem, psychological empowerment, and assertiveness
<h3 dir="ltr">Background</h3><p dir="ltr">Nurses are vital to healthcare systems, yet their psychological well-being remains underexplored despite its critical impact on professional performance and job satisfaction. Essential attributes such as self-esteem, psy...
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2025
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| Summary: | <h3 dir="ltr">Background</h3><p dir="ltr">Nurses are vital to healthcare systems, yet their psychological well-being remains underexplored despite its critical impact on professional performance and job satisfaction. Essential attributes such as self-esteem, psychological empowerment, and assertiveness play a crucial role in effective decision-making and advocacy. In Qatar, the National Health Strategy (2024–2030) emphasizes healthcare worker empowerment; however, research on the interplay of these psychological constructs among nurses is scarce.</p><h3 dir="ltr">Aim</h3><p dir="ltr">This study aims to evaluate the levels of self-esteem, psychological empowerment, and assertiveness among nurses in Qatar and examine their interrelationships, particularly the mediating role of self-esteem between empowerment and assertiveness.</p><h3 dir="ltr">Methodology</h3><p dir="ltr">A quasi-experimental one-group pre-posttest design was employed, focusing on baseline data from 144 registered nurses across Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC) facilities. Data were collected using validated tools, including the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Psychological Empowerment Scale, and the Rathus Assertiveness Schedule. Statistical analyses, including structural equation modeling and ANOVA, were conducted to identify relationships and demographic associations.</p><h3 dir="ltr">Results</h3><p dir="ltr">Findings indicated moderate levels of assertiveness (mean = 67.1 ± 10.9) and empowerment (mean = 51.1 ± 5.9), along with high self-esteem (mean = 27.1 ± 2.9). Empowerment significantly influenced assertiveness (β = 0.207, p = 0.009); however, self-esteem did not mediate this relationship. Significant demographic variations in self-esteem were observed, with higher levels reported among early-career nurses and general registered nurses, while assertiveness and empowerment remained consistent across demographic groups.</p><h3 dir="ltr">Conclusion</h3><p dir="ltr">The study underscores the importance of fostering empowerment, self-esteem, and assertiveness among nurses through targeted interventions such as assertiveness training and supportive organizational policies. Future research should explore longitudinal changes in these psychological dynamics to enhance sustained professional development.</p><h3 dir="ltr">Clinical trial number</h3><p dir="ltr">Not applicable.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: BMC Nursing<br>License: <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" target="_blank">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12912-025-03428-8" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12912-025-03428-8</a></p> |
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