Appendiceal carcinoid in a pediatric patient with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome: A case report and comprehensive literature review

<h3>Rationale</h3><p dir="ltr">Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS), a rare autosomal dominant disorder, is characterized by mucocutaneous pigmentations, hamartomatous polyps in the gastrointestinal tract, and a high risk of developing various malignancies. To the best of our kno...

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Main Author: Zlatan Zvizdic (9212371) (author)
Other Authors: Emir Milisic (9212377) (author), Nermina Ibisevic (16322899) (author), Irmina Sefic Pasic (16322902) (author), Semir Vranic (3353012) (author)
Published: 2021
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_version_ 1864513564280094720
author Zlatan Zvizdic (9212371)
author2 Emir Milisic (9212377)
Nermina Ibisevic (16322899)
Irmina Sefic Pasic (16322902)
Semir Vranic (3353012)
author2_role author
author
author
author
author_facet Zlatan Zvizdic (9212371)
Emir Milisic (9212377)
Nermina Ibisevic (16322899)
Irmina Sefic Pasic (16322902)
Semir Vranic (3353012)
author_role author
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Zlatan Zvizdic (9212371)
Emir Milisic (9212377)
Nermina Ibisevic (16322899)
Irmina Sefic Pasic (16322902)
Semir Vranic (3353012)
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2021-10-01T09:00:00Z
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv 10.1097/md.0000000000027389
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Appendiceal_carcinoid_in_a_pediatric_patient_with_Peutz-Jeghers_syndrome_A_case_report_and_comprehensive_literature_review/23380079
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv CC BY 4.0
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Biomedical and clinical sciences
Cardiovascular medicine and haematology
Clinical sciences
Oncology and carcinogenesis
Paediatrics
appendix
carcinoid
children
hamartomas
intussusception
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Appendiceal carcinoid in a pediatric patient with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome: A case report and comprehensive literature review
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv Text
Journal contribution
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
text
contribution to journal
description <h3>Rationale</h3><p dir="ltr">Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS), a rare autosomal dominant disorder, is characterized by mucocutaneous pigmentations, hamartomatous polyps in the gastrointestinal tract, and a high risk of developing various malignancies. To the best of our knowledge, only 1 case of appendiceal carcinoid associated with PJS has been previously reported in the pediatric population.</p><h3>Patient concerns</h3><p dir="ltr">We report a 7-year-old girl who was admitted for severe, intermittent abdominal pain and cramps, nausea, and vomiting. Multiple brown melanotic macules on the lips, buccal mucosa, and the tongue were noted.</p><h3>Diagnosis</h3><p dir="ltr">A plain abdominal X-ray in a standing position revealed dilated intestinal loops with multiple air-fluid levels. A computed tomography scan of the abdomen showing a “coffee bean” appearance of the jejunal loop with a transition point to the duodenal loop. Axial-contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan of the abdomen showing dilated jejunum loops, filled with fluid with the swirled appearance of mesentery typical for volvulus. The diagnosis of PJS was based on clinical findings along with the histopathologic confirmation of the hamartomatous polyps.</p><h3>Interventions</h3><p dir="ltr">An emergency laparotomy was performed, revealing a jejunojejunal intussusception starting 40 cm from the duodenojejunal flexure. Jejunotomy revealed that a lead-point intussusception was a necrotic hamartomatous polyp. After resecting the involved jejunal necrotic segment, including the polyp, end-to-end jejuno-jejunal anastomosis was performed. Further exploration revealed the presence of a jejunal mass 80 cm from the duodenojejunal flexure identified as another hamartomatous pedunculated polyp. The polyp was resected, and the enterotomy was then closed transversely. The grossly normal appendix was also removed.</p><h3>Outcomes</h3><p dir="ltr">Clinical findings along with the histopathologically confirmed hamartomatous polyps were consistent with PJS. An appendiceal carcinoid (well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor, European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society stage pT2) was incidentally detected during histological examination of the appendix. The patient and parents were counseled accordingly, focusing on active surveillance and control of symptoms. Two additional hamartomatous polyps (gastric and jejunal) were detected endoscopically and resected in the fourth postoperative week. A regular, 1-year follow-up and surveillance revealed no complications or recurrences.</p><h3>Lessons</h3><p dir="ltr">Unusual neoplasms can occasionally be encountered in well-defined syndromes such as PJS. Therefore, active follow-up and surveillance are mandatory for all patients with PJS.</p><h2>Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: Medicine<br>License: <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000027389" target="_blank">http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000027389</a></p>
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
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identifier_str_mv 10.1097/md.0000000000027389
network_acronym_str Manara2
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oai_identifier_str oai:figshare.com:article/23380079
publishDate 2021
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rights_invalid_str_mv CC BY 4.0
spelling Appendiceal carcinoid in a pediatric patient with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome: A case report and comprehensive literature reviewZlatan Zvizdic (9212371)Emir Milisic (9212377)Nermina Ibisevic (16322899)Irmina Sefic Pasic (16322902)Semir Vranic (3353012)Biomedical and clinical sciencesCardiovascular medicine and haematologyClinical sciencesOncology and carcinogenesisPaediatricsappendixcarcinoidchildrenhamartomasintussusceptionPeutz-Jeghers syndrome<h3>Rationale</h3><p dir="ltr">Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS), a rare autosomal dominant disorder, is characterized by mucocutaneous pigmentations, hamartomatous polyps in the gastrointestinal tract, and a high risk of developing various malignancies. To the best of our knowledge, only 1 case of appendiceal carcinoid associated with PJS has been previously reported in the pediatric population.</p><h3>Patient concerns</h3><p dir="ltr">We report a 7-year-old girl who was admitted for severe, intermittent abdominal pain and cramps, nausea, and vomiting. Multiple brown melanotic macules on the lips, buccal mucosa, and the tongue were noted.</p><h3>Diagnosis</h3><p dir="ltr">A plain abdominal X-ray in a standing position revealed dilated intestinal loops with multiple air-fluid levels. A computed tomography scan of the abdomen showing a “coffee bean” appearance of the jejunal loop with a transition point to the duodenal loop. Axial-contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan of the abdomen showing dilated jejunum loops, filled with fluid with the swirled appearance of mesentery typical for volvulus. The diagnosis of PJS was based on clinical findings along with the histopathologic confirmation of the hamartomatous polyps.</p><h3>Interventions</h3><p dir="ltr">An emergency laparotomy was performed, revealing a jejunojejunal intussusception starting 40 cm from the duodenojejunal flexure. Jejunotomy revealed that a lead-point intussusception was a necrotic hamartomatous polyp. After resecting the involved jejunal necrotic segment, including the polyp, end-to-end jejuno-jejunal anastomosis was performed. Further exploration revealed the presence of a jejunal mass 80 cm from the duodenojejunal flexure identified as another hamartomatous pedunculated polyp. The polyp was resected, and the enterotomy was then closed transversely. The grossly normal appendix was also removed.</p><h3>Outcomes</h3><p dir="ltr">Clinical findings along with the histopathologically confirmed hamartomatous polyps were consistent with PJS. An appendiceal carcinoid (well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor, European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society stage pT2) was incidentally detected during histological examination of the appendix. The patient and parents were counseled accordingly, focusing on active surveillance and control of symptoms. Two additional hamartomatous polyps (gastric and jejunal) were detected endoscopically and resected in the fourth postoperative week. A regular, 1-year follow-up and surveillance revealed no complications or recurrences.</p><h3>Lessons</h3><p dir="ltr">Unusual neoplasms can occasionally be encountered in well-defined syndromes such as PJS. Therefore, active follow-up and surveillance are mandatory for all patients with PJS.</p><h2>Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: Medicine<br>License: <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000027389" target="_blank">http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000027389</a></p>2021-10-01T09:00:00ZTextJournal contributioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontextcontribution to journal10.1097/md.0000000000027389https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Appendiceal_carcinoid_in_a_pediatric_patient_with_Peutz-Jeghers_syndrome_A_case_report_and_comprehensive_literature_review/23380079CC BY 4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:figshare.com:article/233800792021-10-01T09:00:00Z
spellingShingle Appendiceal carcinoid in a pediatric patient with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome: A case report and comprehensive literature review
Zlatan Zvizdic (9212371)
Biomedical and clinical sciences
Cardiovascular medicine and haematology
Clinical sciences
Oncology and carcinogenesis
Paediatrics
appendix
carcinoid
children
hamartomas
intussusception
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
status_str publishedVersion
title Appendiceal carcinoid in a pediatric patient with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome: A case report and comprehensive literature review
title_full Appendiceal carcinoid in a pediatric patient with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome: A case report and comprehensive literature review
title_fullStr Appendiceal carcinoid in a pediatric patient with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome: A case report and comprehensive literature review
title_full_unstemmed Appendiceal carcinoid in a pediatric patient with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome: A case report and comprehensive literature review
title_short Appendiceal carcinoid in a pediatric patient with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome: A case report and comprehensive literature review
title_sort Appendiceal carcinoid in a pediatric patient with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome: A case report and comprehensive literature review
topic Biomedical and clinical sciences
Cardiovascular medicine and haematology
Clinical sciences
Oncology and carcinogenesis
Paediatrics
appendix
carcinoid
children
hamartomas
intussusception
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome