Kinematic Analysis During Straight Line Free Swimming in Horses: Part 2 - Hindlimbs
<h3>Background</h3><p dir="ltr">Swimming is used for rehabilitation and conditioning purposes in equine sports medicine. We described the swimming kinematics of the equine forelimbs in Part 1. The aim of Part 2 is to assess stifle, tarsus, and hind fetlock joints kinemati...
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2022
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| _version_ | 1864513510738755584 |
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| author | Emma Santosuosso (11561590) |
| author2 | Renaud Leguillette (11561593) Tatiana Vinardell (530336) Silvio Filho (11561596) Shannon Massie (11561599) Persephone McCrae (11561602) Sarah Johnson (248721) Campbell Rolian (3271518) Florent David (7932980) |
| author2_role | author author author author author author author author |
| author_facet | Emma Santosuosso (11561590) Renaud Leguillette (11561593) Tatiana Vinardell (530336) Silvio Filho (11561596) Shannon Massie (11561599) Persephone McCrae (11561602) Sarah Johnson (248721) Campbell Rolian (3271518) Florent David (7932980) |
| author_role | author |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Emma Santosuosso (11561590) Renaud Leguillette (11561593) Tatiana Vinardell (530336) Silvio Filho (11561596) Shannon Massie (11561599) Persephone McCrae (11561602) Sarah Johnson (248721) Campbell Rolian (3271518) Florent David (7932980) |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv | 2022-01-31T03:00:00Z |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | 10.3389/fvets.2021.761500 |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv | https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Kinematic_Analysis_During_Straight_Line_Free_Swimming_in_Horses_Part_2_-_Hindlimbs/25516183 |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | Agricultural, veterinary and food sciences Veterinary sciences swimming kinematics joint flexion extension angular velocity range of motion (ROM) rehabilitation |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | Kinematic Analysis During Straight Line Free Swimming in Horses: Part 2 - Hindlimbs |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | Text Journal contribution info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion text contribution to journal |
| description | <h3>Background</h3><p dir="ltr">Swimming is used for rehabilitation and conditioning purposes in equine sports medicine. We described the swimming kinematics of the equine forelimbs in Part 1. The aim of Part 2 is to assess stifle, tarsus, and hind fetlock joints kinematics in swimming horses. The objectives were 1- to calculate and compare joint angles during swimming against passive mobilizations (PM), 2- to determine joints angular velocities during a swimming stride cycle.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p dir="ltr">Eleven elite endurance horses were used to swim in a 100-meter straight pool. Underwater (swimming) and overground PM videos were recorded from the horses' left side. Joint markers were applied on the lateral hoof wall, lateral metatarsal epicondyle, lateral aspect of the talus, lateral femoral epicondyle, and great trochanter of the femur. As a reference, maximal fetlock, tarsus, and stifle flexion/extension angles were determined during PM overground. Differences between angle extrema, angular velocities, and range of motion (ROM) were statistically compared.</p><h3>Results</h3><p dir="ltr">The tarsus ROM was similar during PM and swimming. The stifle and fetlock ROM were greater during PM, although the stifle flexion was greater during swimming. The stifle and tarsus had the greatest hindlimb angular velocity during the swimming cycle. Greater angular velocities were observed during the retraction phase for all the hindlimb joints.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p dir="ltr">A short retraction phase with great angular velocity for the joints of interest characterized the swimming pattern observed. Swimming may be beneficial in horses when an increased ROM of the tarsus and stifle or a reduced fetlock extension is indicated for rehabilitation purposes.</p><h2>Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: Frontiers in Veterinary Science<br>License: <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.761500" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.761500</a></p> |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| id | Manara2_dafc070b1c27cb22b22e8adb66429ddd |
| identifier_str_mv | 10.3389/fvets.2021.761500 |
| network_acronym_str | Manara2 |
| network_name_str | Manara2 |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:figshare.com:article/25516183 |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv | |
| repository_id_str | |
| rights_invalid_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 |
| spelling | Kinematic Analysis During Straight Line Free Swimming in Horses: Part 2 - HindlimbsEmma Santosuosso (11561590)Renaud Leguillette (11561593)Tatiana Vinardell (530336)Silvio Filho (11561596)Shannon Massie (11561599)Persephone McCrae (11561602)Sarah Johnson (248721)Campbell Rolian (3271518)Florent David (7932980)Agricultural, veterinary and food sciencesVeterinary sciencesswimmingkinematicsjointflexionextensionangular velocityrange of motion (ROM)rehabilitation<h3>Background</h3><p dir="ltr">Swimming is used for rehabilitation and conditioning purposes in equine sports medicine. We described the swimming kinematics of the equine forelimbs in Part 1. The aim of Part 2 is to assess stifle, tarsus, and hind fetlock joints kinematics in swimming horses. The objectives were 1- to calculate and compare joint angles during swimming against passive mobilizations (PM), 2- to determine joints angular velocities during a swimming stride cycle.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p dir="ltr">Eleven elite endurance horses were used to swim in a 100-meter straight pool. Underwater (swimming) and overground PM videos were recorded from the horses' left side. Joint markers were applied on the lateral hoof wall, lateral metatarsal epicondyle, lateral aspect of the talus, lateral femoral epicondyle, and great trochanter of the femur. As a reference, maximal fetlock, tarsus, and stifle flexion/extension angles were determined during PM overground. Differences between angle extrema, angular velocities, and range of motion (ROM) were statistically compared.</p><h3>Results</h3><p dir="ltr">The tarsus ROM was similar during PM and swimming. The stifle and fetlock ROM were greater during PM, although the stifle flexion was greater during swimming. The stifle and tarsus had the greatest hindlimb angular velocity during the swimming cycle. Greater angular velocities were observed during the retraction phase for all the hindlimb joints.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p dir="ltr">A short retraction phase with great angular velocity for the joints of interest characterized the swimming pattern observed. Swimming may be beneficial in horses when an increased ROM of the tarsus and stifle or a reduced fetlock extension is indicated for rehabilitation purposes.</p><h2>Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: Frontiers in Veterinary Science<br>License: <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.761500" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.761500</a></p>2022-01-31T03:00:00ZTextJournal contributioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontextcontribution to journal10.3389/fvets.2021.761500https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Kinematic_Analysis_During_Straight_Line_Free_Swimming_in_Horses_Part_2_-_Hindlimbs/25516183CC BY 4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:figshare.com:article/255161832022-01-31T03:00:00Z |
| spellingShingle | Kinematic Analysis During Straight Line Free Swimming in Horses: Part 2 - Hindlimbs Emma Santosuosso (11561590) Agricultural, veterinary and food sciences Veterinary sciences swimming kinematics joint flexion extension angular velocity range of motion (ROM) rehabilitation |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | Kinematic Analysis During Straight Line Free Swimming in Horses: Part 2 - Hindlimbs |
| title_full | Kinematic Analysis During Straight Line Free Swimming in Horses: Part 2 - Hindlimbs |
| title_fullStr | Kinematic Analysis During Straight Line Free Swimming in Horses: Part 2 - Hindlimbs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Kinematic Analysis During Straight Line Free Swimming in Horses: Part 2 - Hindlimbs |
| title_short | Kinematic Analysis During Straight Line Free Swimming in Horses: Part 2 - Hindlimbs |
| title_sort | Kinematic Analysis During Straight Line Free Swimming in Horses: Part 2 - Hindlimbs |
| topic | Agricultural, veterinary and food sciences Veterinary sciences swimming kinematics joint flexion extension angular velocity range of motion (ROM) rehabilitation |