Serious Games for Learning Among Older Adults With Cognitive Impairment: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
<h3>Background</h3><p dir="ltr">Learning disabilities are among the major cognitive impairments caused by aging. Among the interventions used to improve learning among older adults are serious games, which are participative electronic games designed for purposes other tha...
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| مؤلفون آخرون: | , , , , , , |
| منشور في: |
2023
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| الموضوعات: | |
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| _version_ | 1864513530451984384 |
|---|---|
| author | Alaa Abd-alrazaq (17058018) |
| author2 | Israa Abuelezz (17541834) Rawan AlSaad (14159019) Eiman Al-Jafar (17541837) Arfan Ahmed (17541309) Sarah Aziz (17541312) Abdulqadir Nashwan (17380348) Javaid Sheikh (5534825) |
| author2_role | author author author author author author author |
| author_facet | Alaa Abd-alrazaq (17058018) Israa Abuelezz (17541834) Rawan AlSaad (14159019) Eiman Al-Jafar (17541837) Arfan Ahmed (17541309) Sarah Aziz (17541312) Abdulqadir Nashwan (17380348) Javaid Sheikh (5534825) |
| author_role | author |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Alaa Abd-alrazaq (17058018) Israa Abuelezz (17541834) Rawan AlSaad (14159019) Eiman Al-Jafar (17541837) Arfan Ahmed (17541309) Sarah Aziz (17541312) Abdulqadir Nashwan (17380348) Javaid Sheikh (5534825) |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv | 2023-04-12T03:00:00Z |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | 10.2196/43607 |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv | https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Serious_Games_for_Learning_Among_Older_Adults_With_Cognitive_Impairment_Systematic_Review_and_Meta-analysis/24717420 |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | Biomedical and clinical sciences Clinical sciences Health sciences Health services and systems Mathematical sciences Statistics Psychology Biological psychology Cognitive and computational psychology serious games cognitive training learning exergames mild cognitive impairment Alzheimer disease dementia systematic reviews meta-analysis mobile phone |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | Serious Games for Learning Among Older Adults With Cognitive Impairment: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | Text Journal contribution info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion text contribution to journal |
| description | <h3>Background</h3><p dir="ltr">Learning disabilities are among the major cognitive impairments caused by aging. Among the interventions used to improve learning among older adults are serious games, which are participative electronic games designed for purposes other than entertainment. Although some systematic reviews have examined the effectiveness of serious games on learning, they are undermined by some limitations, such as focusing on older adults without cognitive impairments, focusing on particular types of serious games, and not considering the comparator type in the analysis.</p><h3>Objective</h3><p dir="ltr">This review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of serious games on verbal and nonverbal learning among older adults with cognitive impairment.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p dir="ltr">Eight electronic databases were searched to retrieve studies relevant to this systematic review and meta-analysis. Furthermore, we went through the studies that cited the included studies and screened the reference lists of the included studies and relevant reviews. Two reviewers independently checked the eligibility of the identified studies, extracted data from the included studies, and appraised their risk of bias and the quality of the evidence. The results of the included studies were summarized using a narrative synthesis or meta-analysis, as appropriate.</p><h3>Results</h3><p dir="ltr">Of the 559 citations retrieved, 11 (2%) randomized controlled trials (RCTs) ultimately met all eligibility criteria for this review. A meta-analysis of 45% (5/11) of the RCTs revealed that serious games are effective in improving verbal learning among older adults with cognitive impairment in comparison with no or sham interventions (P=.04), and serious games do not have a different effect on verbal learning between patients with mild cognitive impairment and those with Alzheimer disease (P=.89). A meta-analysis of 18% (2/11) of the RCTs revealed that serious games are as effective as conventional exercises in promoting verbal learning (P=.98). We also found that serious games outperformed no or sham interventions (4/11, 36%; P=.03) and conventional cognitive training (2/11, 18%; P<.001) in enhancing nonverbal learning.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p dir="ltr">Serious games have the potential to enhance verbal and nonverbal learning among older adults with cognitive impairment. However, our findings remain inconclusive because of the low quality of evidence, the small sample size in most of the meta-analyzed studies (6/8, 75%), and the paucity of studies included in the meta-analyses. Thus, until further convincing proof of their effectiveness is offered, serious games should be used to supplement current interventions for verbal and nonverbal learning rather than replace them entirely. Further studies are needed to compare serious games with conventional cognitive training and conventional exercises, as well as different types of serious games, different platforms, different intervention periods, and different follow-up periods.</p><h2>Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: Journal of Medical Internet Research<br>License: <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.2196/43607" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.2196/43607</a></p><p dir="ltr">Additional institutions affiliated with: Qatar University Health - QU</p> |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| id | Manara2_e4d420fb627e3af9ea4a9fb9a95028ce |
| identifier_str_mv | 10.2196/43607 |
| network_acronym_str | Manara2 |
| network_name_str | Manara2 |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:figshare.com:article/24717420 |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv | |
| repository_id_str | |
| rights_invalid_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 |
| spelling | Serious Games for Learning Among Older Adults With Cognitive Impairment: Systematic Review and Meta-analysisAlaa Abd-alrazaq (17058018)Israa Abuelezz (17541834)Rawan AlSaad (14159019)Eiman Al-Jafar (17541837)Arfan Ahmed (17541309)Sarah Aziz (17541312)Abdulqadir Nashwan (17380348)Javaid Sheikh (5534825)Biomedical and clinical sciencesClinical sciencesHealth sciencesHealth services and systemsMathematical sciencesStatisticsPsychologyBiological psychologyCognitive and computational psychologyserious gamescognitive traininglearningexergamesmild cognitive impairmentAlzheimer diseasedementiasystematic reviewsmeta-analysismobile phone<h3>Background</h3><p dir="ltr">Learning disabilities are among the major cognitive impairments caused by aging. Among the interventions used to improve learning among older adults are serious games, which are participative electronic games designed for purposes other than entertainment. Although some systematic reviews have examined the effectiveness of serious games on learning, they are undermined by some limitations, such as focusing on older adults without cognitive impairments, focusing on particular types of serious games, and not considering the comparator type in the analysis.</p><h3>Objective</h3><p dir="ltr">This review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of serious games on verbal and nonverbal learning among older adults with cognitive impairment.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p dir="ltr">Eight electronic databases were searched to retrieve studies relevant to this systematic review and meta-analysis. Furthermore, we went through the studies that cited the included studies and screened the reference lists of the included studies and relevant reviews. Two reviewers independently checked the eligibility of the identified studies, extracted data from the included studies, and appraised their risk of bias and the quality of the evidence. The results of the included studies were summarized using a narrative synthesis or meta-analysis, as appropriate.</p><h3>Results</h3><p dir="ltr">Of the 559 citations retrieved, 11 (2%) randomized controlled trials (RCTs) ultimately met all eligibility criteria for this review. A meta-analysis of 45% (5/11) of the RCTs revealed that serious games are effective in improving verbal learning among older adults with cognitive impairment in comparison with no or sham interventions (P=.04), and serious games do not have a different effect on verbal learning between patients with mild cognitive impairment and those with Alzheimer disease (P=.89). A meta-analysis of 18% (2/11) of the RCTs revealed that serious games are as effective as conventional exercises in promoting verbal learning (P=.98). We also found that serious games outperformed no or sham interventions (4/11, 36%; P=.03) and conventional cognitive training (2/11, 18%; P<.001) in enhancing nonverbal learning.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p dir="ltr">Serious games have the potential to enhance verbal and nonverbal learning among older adults with cognitive impairment. However, our findings remain inconclusive because of the low quality of evidence, the small sample size in most of the meta-analyzed studies (6/8, 75%), and the paucity of studies included in the meta-analyses. Thus, until further convincing proof of their effectiveness is offered, serious games should be used to supplement current interventions for verbal and nonverbal learning rather than replace them entirely. Further studies are needed to compare serious games with conventional cognitive training and conventional exercises, as well as different types of serious games, different platforms, different intervention periods, and different follow-up periods.</p><h2>Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: Journal of Medical Internet Research<br>License: <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.2196/43607" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.2196/43607</a></p><p dir="ltr">Additional institutions affiliated with: Qatar University Health - QU</p>2023-04-12T03:00:00ZTextJournal contributioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontextcontribution to journal10.2196/43607https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Serious_Games_for_Learning_Among_Older_Adults_With_Cognitive_Impairment_Systematic_Review_and_Meta-analysis/24717420CC BY 4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:figshare.com:article/247174202023-04-12T03:00:00Z |
| spellingShingle | Serious Games for Learning Among Older Adults With Cognitive Impairment: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Alaa Abd-alrazaq (17058018) Biomedical and clinical sciences Clinical sciences Health sciences Health services and systems Mathematical sciences Statistics Psychology Biological psychology Cognitive and computational psychology serious games cognitive training learning exergames mild cognitive impairment Alzheimer disease dementia systematic reviews meta-analysis mobile phone |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | Serious Games for Learning Among Older Adults With Cognitive Impairment: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis |
| title_full | Serious Games for Learning Among Older Adults With Cognitive Impairment: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | Serious Games for Learning Among Older Adults With Cognitive Impairment: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Serious Games for Learning Among Older Adults With Cognitive Impairment: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis |
| title_short | Serious Games for Learning Among Older Adults With Cognitive Impairment: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis |
| title_sort | Serious Games for Learning Among Older Adults With Cognitive Impairment: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis |
| topic | Biomedical and clinical sciences Clinical sciences Health sciences Health services and systems Mathematical sciences Statistics Psychology Biological psychology Cognitive and computational psychology serious games cognitive training learning exergames mild cognitive impairment Alzheimer disease dementia systematic reviews meta-analysis mobile phone |