Environmental and economic assessment of mixed plastic waste pelletization in the Gulf Cooperation Council region
<p dir="ltr"><u>Pelletizing</u> mixed plastic wastes (MPW) has gained interest as an upcycling technology and an alternative to conventional recycling. To investigate its potential, we conducted a cost analysis and life-cycle assessment (LCA) for a conceptual pelletizatio...
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| مؤلفون آخرون: | , , , |
| منشور في: |
2024
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| _version_ | 1864513539977248768 |
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| author | Junaid Saleem (14670322) |
| author2 | Zubair Khalid Baig Moghal (14670325) Furqan Tahir (14429547) Tareq Al-Ansari (9872268) Gordon McKay (1755814) |
| author2_role | author author author author |
| author_facet | Junaid Saleem (14670322) Zubair Khalid Baig Moghal (14670325) Furqan Tahir (14429547) Tareq Al-Ansari (9872268) Gordon McKay (1755814) |
| author_role | author |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Junaid Saleem (14670322) Zubair Khalid Baig Moghal (14670325) Furqan Tahir (14429547) Tareq Al-Ansari (9872268) Gordon McKay (1755814) |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv | 2024-11-02T09:00:00Z |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136349 |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv | https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Environmental_and_economic_assessment_of_mixed_plastic_waste_pelletization_in_the_Gulf_Cooperation_Council_region/30095137 |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | Engineering Environmental engineering Materials engineering Life-cycle assessment CO2 emissions Climate change Pelletization Carbon footprints Embodied energy Environmental impacts Plastic waste Recycling |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | Environmental and economic assessment of mixed plastic waste pelletization in the Gulf Cooperation Council region |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | Text Journal contribution info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion text contribution to journal |
| description | <p dir="ltr"><u>Pelletizing</u> mixed plastic wastes (MPW) has gained interest as an upcycling technology and an alternative to conventional recycling. To investigate its potential, we conducted a cost analysis and life-cycle assessment (LCA) for a conceptual pelletization facility designed to produce 1 kg of pellets per batch of MPW (comprising polyethylene—PE and polypropylene—PP). This work has the following merits: (i) evaluating environmental impact (EI), cost analysis, and <u>mechanical strength</u> based on actual experimental data and its comparison with local and international manufacturers; (ii) enabling the evaluation of <u>LCA impacts</u> of MPW pellets; and (iii) emphasizing the significance of <u>waste management</u> in reducing EIs. The following ten EIs were assessed: climate change (CC), net energy, <u>particulate matter formation</u>, natural land transformation, metal depletion, marine ecotoxicity, <u>ionising radiation</u>, freshwater ecotoxicity, freshwater <u>eutrophication,</u> and <u>terrestrial ecotoxicity.</u> The CC of the as-synthesized pellets is 1.26 kg CO<sub>2</sub> eq., significantly lower than the data obtained from the Gulf Petrochemicals and Chemicals Association (GPCA) and an actual plant in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Additionally, the net energy required for the production of 1 kg of pellets is 54.1 MJ, while the cost is around 0.55 USD. <u>The tensile strength</u> of MPW pellets (24.63 MPa) falls between that of PE virgin pellets (21.12 MPa) and PP virgin pellets (28.12 MPa). This suggests that the MPW pellets exhibit competitive strength characteristics, warranting its consideration for applications where moderate strength is required. Overall, the competitive cost, coupled with the reduced EIs, demonstrates the potential of pelletization as a sustainable and economically viable waste management solution.</p><h2>Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: Journal of Hazardous Materials<br>License: <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136349" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136349</a></p> |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| id | Manara2_ea1bfc179a5da942cf16b439413fd05e |
| identifier_str_mv | 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136349 |
| network_acronym_str | Manara2 |
| network_name_str | Manara2 |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:figshare.com:article/30095137 |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv | |
| repository_id_str | |
| rights_invalid_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 |
| spelling | Environmental and economic assessment of mixed plastic waste pelletization in the Gulf Cooperation Council regionJunaid Saleem (14670322)Zubair Khalid Baig Moghal (14670325)Furqan Tahir (14429547)Tareq Al-Ansari (9872268)Gordon McKay (1755814)EngineeringEnvironmental engineeringMaterials engineeringLife-cycle assessmentCO2 emissionsClimate changePelletizationCarbon footprintsEmbodied energyEnvironmental impactsPlastic wasteRecycling<p dir="ltr"><u>Pelletizing</u> mixed plastic wastes (MPW) has gained interest as an upcycling technology and an alternative to conventional recycling. To investigate its potential, we conducted a cost analysis and life-cycle assessment (LCA) for a conceptual pelletization facility designed to produce 1 kg of pellets per batch of MPW (comprising polyethylene—PE and polypropylene—PP). This work has the following merits: (i) evaluating environmental impact (EI), cost analysis, and <u>mechanical strength</u> based on actual experimental data and its comparison with local and international manufacturers; (ii) enabling the evaluation of <u>LCA impacts</u> of MPW pellets; and (iii) emphasizing the significance of <u>waste management</u> in reducing EIs. The following ten EIs were assessed: climate change (CC), net energy, <u>particulate matter formation</u>, natural land transformation, metal depletion, marine ecotoxicity, <u>ionising radiation</u>, freshwater ecotoxicity, freshwater <u>eutrophication,</u> and <u>terrestrial ecotoxicity.</u> The CC of the as-synthesized pellets is 1.26 kg CO<sub>2</sub> eq., significantly lower than the data obtained from the Gulf Petrochemicals and Chemicals Association (GPCA) and an actual plant in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Additionally, the net energy required for the production of 1 kg of pellets is 54.1 MJ, while the cost is around 0.55 USD. <u>The tensile strength</u> of MPW pellets (24.63 MPa) falls between that of PE virgin pellets (21.12 MPa) and PP virgin pellets (28.12 MPa). This suggests that the MPW pellets exhibit competitive strength characteristics, warranting its consideration for applications where moderate strength is required. Overall, the competitive cost, coupled with the reduced EIs, demonstrates the potential of pelletization as a sustainable and economically viable waste management solution.</p><h2>Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: Journal of Hazardous Materials<br>License: <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136349" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136349</a></p>2024-11-02T09:00:00ZTextJournal contributioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontextcontribution to journal10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136349https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Environmental_and_economic_assessment_of_mixed_plastic_waste_pelletization_in_the_Gulf_Cooperation_Council_region/30095137CC BY 4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:figshare.com:article/300951372024-11-02T09:00:00Z |
| spellingShingle | Environmental and economic assessment of mixed plastic waste pelletization in the Gulf Cooperation Council region Junaid Saleem (14670322) Engineering Environmental engineering Materials engineering Life-cycle assessment CO2 emissions Climate change Pelletization Carbon footprints Embodied energy Environmental impacts Plastic waste Recycling |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | Environmental and economic assessment of mixed plastic waste pelletization in the Gulf Cooperation Council region |
| title_full | Environmental and economic assessment of mixed plastic waste pelletization in the Gulf Cooperation Council region |
| title_fullStr | Environmental and economic assessment of mixed plastic waste pelletization in the Gulf Cooperation Council region |
| title_full_unstemmed | Environmental and economic assessment of mixed plastic waste pelletization in the Gulf Cooperation Council region |
| title_short | Environmental and economic assessment of mixed plastic waste pelletization in the Gulf Cooperation Council region |
| title_sort | Environmental and economic assessment of mixed plastic waste pelletization in the Gulf Cooperation Council region |
| topic | Engineering Environmental engineering Materials engineering Life-cycle assessment CO2 emissions Climate change Pelletization Carbon footprints Embodied energy Environmental impacts Plastic waste Recycling |