Using Unilateral Strength, Power and Reactive Strength Tests to Detect the Magnitude and Direction of Asymmetry: A Test-Retest Design
<div><p>The aims of the present study were to determine test-retest reliability for unilateral strength and power tests used to quantify asymmetry and determine the consistency of both the magnitude and direction of asymmetry between test sessions. Twenty-eight recreational trained sport...
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| مؤلفون آخرون: | , , , |
| منشور في: |
2019
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| _version_ | 1864513520678207488 |
|---|---|
| author | Chris Bishop (5534846) |
| author2 | Paul Read (7244627) Shyam Chavda (16640920) Paul Jarvis (99761) Anthony Turner (744951) |
| author2_role | author author author author |
| author_facet | Chris Bishop (5534846) Paul Read (7244627) Shyam Chavda (16640920) Paul Jarvis (99761) Anthony Turner (744951) |
| author_role | author |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Chris Bishop (5534846) Paul Read (7244627) Shyam Chavda (16640920) Paul Jarvis (99761) Anthony Turner (744951) |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv | 2019-03-04T03:00:00Z |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | 10.3390/sports7030058 |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv | https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Using_Unilateral_Strength_Power_and_Reactive_Strength_Tests_to_Detect_the_Magnitude_and_Direction_of_Asymmetry_A_Test-Retest_Design/25406050 |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | Biomedical and clinical sciences Clinical sciences Inter-limb differences limb dominance variability |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | Using Unilateral Strength, Power and Reactive Strength Tests to Detect the Magnitude and Direction of Asymmetry: A Test-Retest Design |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | Text Journal contribution info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion text contribution to journal |
| description | <div><p>The aims of the present study were to determine test-retest reliability for unilateral strength and power tests used to quantify asymmetry and determine the consistency of both the magnitude and direction of asymmetry between test sessions. Twenty-eight recreational trained sport athletes performed unilateral isometric squat, countermovement jump (CMJ) and drop jump (DJ) tests over two test sessions. Inter-limb asymmetry was calculated from both the best trial and as an average of three trials for each test. Test reliability was computed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), coefficient of variation (CV) and standard error of measurement (SEM). In addition, paired samples t-tests were used to determine systematic bias between test sessions and Kappa coefficients to report how consistently asymmetry favoured the same side. Within and between-session reliability ranged from moderate to excellent (ICC range = 0.70–0.96) and CV values ranged from 3.7–13.7% across tests. Significant differences in asymmetry between test sessions were seen for impulse during the isometric squat (p = 0.04; effect size = –0.60) but only when calculating from the best trial. When computing the direction of asymmetry across test sessions, levels of agreement were fair to substantial for the isometric squat (Kappa = 0.29–0.64), substantial for the CMJ (Kappa = 0.64–0.66) and fair to moderate for the DJ (Kappa = 0.36–0.56). These results show that when asymmetry is computed between test sessions, the group mean is generally devoid of systematic bias; however, the direction of asymmetry shows greater variability and is often inter-changeable. Thus, practitioners should consider both the direction and magnitude of asymmetry when monitoring inter-limb differences in healthy athlete populations.</p><p> </p></div><h2>Other Information</h2> <p> Published in: Sports<br> License: <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports7030058" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports7030058</a></p> |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| id | Manara2_f8a86b2916158b7839dc51b8a66c0058 |
| identifier_str_mv | 10.3390/sports7030058 |
| network_acronym_str | Manara2 |
| network_name_str | Manara2 |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:figshare.com:article/25406050 |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv | |
| repository_id_str | |
| rights_invalid_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 |
| spelling | Using Unilateral Strength, Power and Reactive Strength Tests to Detect the Magnitude and Direction of Asymmetry: A Test-Retest DesignChris Bishop (5534846)Paul Read (7244627)Shyam Chavda (16640920)Paul Jarvis (99761)Anthony Turner (744951)Biomedical and clinical sciencesClinical sciencesInter-limb differenceslimb dominancevariability<div><p>The aims of the present study were to determine test-retest reliability for unilateral strength and power tests used to quantify asymmetry and determine the consistency of both the magnitude and direction of asymmetry between test sessions. Twenty-eight recreational trained sport athletes performed unilateral isometric squat, countermovement jump (CMJ) and drop jump (DJ) tests over two test sessions. Inter-limb asymmetry was calculated from both the best trial and as an average of three trials for each test. Test reliability was computed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), coefficient of variation (CV) and standard error of measurement (SEM). In addition, paired samples t-tests were used to determine systematic bias between test sessions and Kappa coefficients to report how consistently asymmetry favoured the same side. Within and between-session reliability ranged from moderate to excellent (ICC range = 0.70–0.96) and CV values ranged from 3.7–13.7% across tests. Significant differences in asymmetry between test sessions were seen for impulse during the isometric squat (p = 0.04; effect size = –0.60) but only when calculating from the best trial. When computing the direction of asymmetry across test sessions, levels of agreement were fair to substantial for the isometric squat (Kappa = 0.29–0.64), substantial for the CMJ (Kappa = 0.64–0.66) and fair to moderate for the DJ (Kappa = 0.36–0.56). These results show that when asymmetry is computed between test sessions, the group mean is generally devoid of systematic bias; however, the direction of asymmetry shows greater variability and is often inter-changeable. Thus, practitioners should consider both the direction and magnitude of asymmetry when monitoring inter-limb differences in healthy athlete populations.</p><p> </p></div><h2>Other Information</h2> <p> Published in: Sports<br> License: <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports7030058" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports7030058</a></p>2019-03-04T03:00:00ZTextJournal contributioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontextcontribution to journal10.3390/sports7030058https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Using_Unilateral_Strength_Power_and_Reactive_Strength_Tests_to_Detect_the_Magnitude_and_Direction_of_Asymmetry_A_Test-Retest_Design/25406050CC BY 4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:figshare.com:article/254060502019-03-04T03:00:00Z |
| spellingShingle | Using Unilateral Strength, Power and Reactive Strength Tests to Detect the Magnitude and Direction of Asymmetry: A Test-Retest Design Chris Bishop (5534846) Biomedical and clinical sciences Clinical sciences Inter-limb differences limb dominance variability |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | Using Unilateral Strength, Power and Reactive Strength Tests to Detect the Magnitude and Direction of Asymmetry: A Test-Retest Design |
| title_full | Using Unilateral Strength, Power and Reactive Strength Tests to Detect the Magnitude and Direction of Asymmetry: A Test-Retest Design |
| title_fullStr | Using Unilateral Strength, Power and Reactive Strength Tests to Detect the Magnitude and Direction of Asymmetry: A Test-Retest Design |
| title_full_unstemmed | Using Unilateral Strength, Power and Reactive Strength Tests to Detect the Magnitude and Direction of Asymmetry: A Test-Retest Design |
| title_short | Using Unilateral Strength, Power and Reactive Strength Tests to Detect the Magnitude and Direction of Asymmetry: A Test-Retest Design |
| title_sort | Using Unilateral Strength, Power and Reactive Strength Tests to Detect the Magnitude and Direction of Asymmetry: A Test-Retest Design |
| topic | Biomedical and clinical sciences Clinical sciences Inter-limb differences limb dominance variability |