The PEN-3 cultural model consists of three interrelated domains, which can be used separately or in combination: (1) Cultural Identity (Person, Extended family, Neighborhood); (2) Relationships and Expectations (Perceptions, Enablers, Nurturers); and (3) Cultural Empowerment (Positive, Existential, Negative).

<p>This framework emphasizes the centrality of culture in health behavior and intervention design.</p>

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Rannpháirtithe:	Olufunto A. Olusanya (14142040) (author), Peter Kalulu (21231869) (author), Nkiruka Obodoechina (21231878) (author), Sonam J. Shah (22683551) (author), Temitope Ojo (6391868) (author), Abideen Salako (16505465) (author), Joseph Ogbeh (22683554) (author), Folahanmi T. Akinsolu (16557914) (author), Ucheoma Nwaozuru (6391892) (author), Adesola Z. Musa (6807959) (author), Titilola Gbaja-Biamila (8910023) (author), Olaitan H. Olayiwola (22683557) (author), Idris A. Oladosu (22683560) (author), Suzanne Day (4401046) (author), Peyton Thompson (6685736) (author), Kristie Foley (4004936) (author), Oluwaseun Falade-Nwulia (7832564) (author), Dan Wu (5969) (author), Olufunmilayo Lesi (9020903) (author), Collins O. Airhihenbuwa (10901842) (author), Joseph D. Tucker (7924085) (author), Oliver Ezechi (6807953) (author), Juliet Iwelunmor (770171) (author)
Foilsithe / Cruthaithe:	2025
Ábhair:	Sociology Science Policy Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified trusted community leaders traditional birth attendants thematic analysis framework synthesize emerging themes including referral pathways formal health centers community needs assessment comprehensive training workshops respective communities using designed implementation strategies engaging young people div >< p address issues affecting 3 cultural model develop strategies promoting innovation bootcamp designed hepatitis b research participants ’ knowledge implementation strategies young people hepatitis b research skills innovation bootcamp improving training knowledge increasing increasing knowledge compared using analyzed using wilcoxon test vaccination ambassadors sustaining youth strengthening capacity southern regions remains low qualitative data pilot studies p </ mean score mean age fifteen participants estimated coverage disciplinary capacity demographic characteristics building platform bootcamp demonstrated bootcamp activities 52 %. 001 ).
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