Participant characteristics by tobacco dependence.

Participant characteristics by tobacco dependence.

<p>Participant characteristics by tobacco dependence.</p>

محفوظ في:
التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
المؤلف الرئيسي: Gloria Guevara Alvarez (20489524) (author)
مؤلفون آخرون: Thanh Hoang (6370427) (author), Reet Kapur (20489521) (author), Claire Nguyen (19943022) (author), Mari Armstrong-Hough (4574017) (author), Trang Nguyen (435425) (author), Nam Nguyen (508502) (author), Hoang Van Minh (5327537) (author), Donna Shelley (3436238) (author)
منشور في: 2025
الموضوعات:
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy
Infectious Diseases
Virology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
strong socioeconomic resources
sectional quantitative surveys
sample &# 8217
conducted qualitative interviews
2 &# 8211
3 times higher
cause financial hardship
higher daily expenditure
explored smoking behavior
thus reduce motivation
limited among pwh
participants perceived cigarettes
hiv use tobacco
higher exposure
tobacco use
thus underutilizing
financial burden
costly expenditure
among hiv
xlink ">
viet nam
tobacco spending
tobacco products
tobacco policies
tobacco dependence
study population
study aims
related spending
reducing smoking
receiving treatment
pwh enrolled
potential impact
positively associated
perceived cost
participants acknowledged
outpatient clinics
negative individuals
men living
lowest taxes
income spent
hiv clinics
ha noi
describe tobacco
considerable percentage
chronic disease
annual income
alongside cross
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الملخص:<p>Participant characteristics by tobacco dependence.</p>

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