Nontargeted Analysis of Surface and Groundwaters Impacted by Historic PFAS Waste Sites
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) make up a diverse class of anthropogenic chemicals with widespread industrial and commercial uses. Historical manufacturing and disposal of PFAS have led to their introduction to the environment, although only a fraction of existing PFAS are routinely monit...
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| مؤلفون آخرون: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| منشور في: |
2025
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| _version_ | 1852019239992426496 |
|---|---|
| author | Heather D. Whitehead (6565508) |
| author2 | Timothy J. Buckley (71777) Jon R Sobus (21563746) Jacqueline Bangma (8967023) Denise K. MacMillan (5011070) Antony J. Williams (132578) Gregory Janesch (16378886) James Coombs (21563749) Erin Newman (17621145) Andri Dahlmeier (17621139) Stefan Saravia (17621142) Rosie Rushing (16814768) Marla DeVault (4860010) James P. McCord (1564198) |
| author2_role | author author author author author author author author author author author author author |
| author_facet | Heather D. Whitehead (6565508) Timothy J. Buckley (71777) Jon R Sobus (21563746) Jacqueline Bangma (8967023) Denise K. MacMillan (5011070) Antony J. Williams (132578) Gregory Janesch (16378886) James Coombs (21563749) Erin Newman (17621145) Andri Dahlmeier (17621139) Stefan Saravia (17621142) Rosie Rushing (16814768) Marla DeVault (4860010) James P. McCord (1564198) |
| author_role | author |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Heather D. Whitehead (6565508) Timothy J. Buckley (71777) Jon R Sobus (21563746) Jacqueline Bangma (8967023) Denise K. MacMillan (5011070) Antony J. Williams (132578) Gregory Janesch (16378886) James Coombs (21563749) Erin Newman (17621145) Andri Dahlmeier (17621139) Stefan Saravia (17621142) Rosie Rushing (16814768) Marla DeVault (4860010) James P. McCord (1564198) |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv | 2025-06-18T05:50:55Z |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | 10.1021/acs.est.5c03243.s005 |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv | https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Nontargeted_Analysis_of_Surface_and_Groundwaters_Impacted_by_Historic_PFAS_Waste_Sites/29348113 |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | CC BY-NC 4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | Biochemistry Pharmacology Ecology Inorganic Chemistry Infectious Diseases Virology Space Science Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified substantial ongoing contamination historically received wastes 1940 – 1970s carboxylic acid species surrounding two sites two waste sites historic pfas manufacturing historical manufacturing carboxylic acids widespread industrial watershed due waste disposal sulfonamido chemistries polyfluoroalkyl substances pfas present pfas manufacturer one site nontargeted analysis groundwaters impacted existing pfas downgradient transport diverse class containing analogs commercial uses anthropogenic chemicals 210 pfas |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | Nontargeted Analysis of Surface and Groundwaters Impacted by Historic PFAS Waste Sites |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | Dataset info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion dataset |
| description | Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) make up a diverse class of anthropogenic chemicals with widespread industrial and commercial uses. Historical manufacturing and disposal of PFAS have led to their introduction to the environment, although only a fraction of existing PFAS are routinely monitored using targeted analysis methods. Here, nontargeted analysis was used to investigate the identity and fate of PFAS present in eight groundwater and nine surface water samples collected near St. Paul, MN, surrounding two sites that historically received wastes from a PFAS manufacturer in the 1940–1970s. A total of 210 PFAS, split across 33 different homologous series, were identified in surface and groundwater samples both at and downstream of the two waste sites. Identified compounds included perfluorinated, polyfluorinated, and unsaturated sulfonic and carboxylic acid species as well as a variety of sulfonamide and sulfonamido chemistries. PFAS measured downgradient included legacy perfluorinated sulfonic and carboxylic acids, as well as their polyfluorinated, unsaturated, keto, and ether-containing analogs. Two-thirds of the identified PFAS were unique to the groundwater at one site. The lack of these PFAS at downstream sites likely reflects dilution below the limit of detection during downgradient transport. The identified species reveal previously unknown and substantial ongoing contamination of the watershed due to historic PFAS manufacturing and waste disposal. |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| id | Manara_293a2f19b94de8222621305ace6fa2c7 |
| identifier_str_mv | 10.1021/acs.est.5c03243.s005 |
| network_acronym_str | Manara |
| network_name_str | ManaraRepo |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:figshare.com:article/29348113 |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv | |
| repository_id_str | |
| rights_invalid_str_mv | CC BY-NC 4.0 |
| spelling | Nontargeted Analysis of Surface and Groundwaters Impacted by Historic PFAS Waste SitesHeather D. Whitehead (6565508)Timothy J. Buckley (71777)Jon R Sobus (21563746)Jacqueline Bangma (8967023)Denise K. MacMillan (5011070)Antony J. Williams (132578)Gregory Janesch (16378886)James Coombs (21563749)Erin Newman (17621145)Andri Dahlmeier (17621139)Stefan Saravia (17621142)Rosie Rushing (16814768)Marla DeVault (4860010)James P. McCord (1564198)BiochemistryPharmacologyEcologyInorganic ChemistryInfectious DiseasesVirologySpace ScienceEnvironmental Sciences not elsewhere classifiedBiological Sciences not elsewhere classifiedChemical Sciences not elsewhere classifiedsubstantial ongoing contaminationhistorically received wastes1940 – 1970scarboxylic acid speciessurrounding two sitestwo waste siteshistoric pfas manufacturinghistorical manufacturingcarboxylic acidswidespread industrialwatershed duewaste disposalsulfonamido chemistriespolyfluoroalkyl substancespfas presentpfas manufacturerone sitenontargeted analysisgroundwaters impactedexisting pfasdowngradient transportdiverse classcontaining analogscommercial usesanthropogenic chemicals210 pfasPer- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) make up a diverse class of anthropogenic chemicals with widespread industrial and commercial uses. Historical manufacturing and disposal of PFAS have led to their introduction to the environment, although only a fraction of existing PFAS are routinely monitored using targeted analysis methods. Here, nontargeted analysis was used to investigate the identity and fate of PFAS present in eight groundwater and nine surface water samples collected near St. Paul, MN, surrounding two sites that historically received wastes from a PFAS manufacturer in the 1940–1970s. A total of 210 PFAS, split across 33 different homologous series, were identified in surface and groundwater samples both at and downstream of the two waste sites. Identified compounds included perfluorinated, polyfluorinated, and unsaturated sulfonic and carboxylic acid species as well as a variety of sulfonamide and sulfonamido chemistries. PFAS measured downgradient included legacy perfluorinated sulfonic and carboxylic acids, as well as their polyfluorinated, unsaturated, keto, and ether-containing analogs. Two-thirds of the identified PFAS were unique to the groundwater at one site. The lack of these PFAS at downstream sites likely reflects dilution below the limit of detection during downgradient transport. The identified species reveal previously unknown and substantial ongoing contamination of the watershed due to historic PFAS manufacturing and waste disposal.2025-06-18T05:50:55ZDatasetinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiondataset10.1021/acs.est.5c03243.s005https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Nontargeted_Analysis_of_Surface_and_Groundwaters_Impacted_by_Historic_PFAS_Waste_Sites/29348113CC BY-NC 4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:figshare.com:article/293481132025-06-18T05:50:55Z |
| spellingShingle | Nontargeted Analysis of Surface and Groundwaters Impacted by Historic PFAS Waste Sites Heather D. Whitehead (6565508) Biochemistry Pharmacology Ecology Inorganic Chemistry Infectious Diseases Virology Space Science Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified substantial ongoing contamination historically received wastes 1940 – 1970s carboxylic acid species surrounding two sites two waste sites historic pfas manufacturing historical manufacturing carboxylic acids widespread industrial watershed due waste disposal sulfonamido chemistries polyfluoroalkyl substances pfas present pfas manufacturer one site nontargeted analysis groundwaters impacted existing pfas downgradient transport diverse class containing analogs commercial uses anthropogenic chemicals 210 pfas |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | Nontargeted Analysis of Surface and Groundwaters Impacted by Historic PFAS Waste Sites |
| title_full | Nontargeted Analysis of Surface and Groundwaters Impacted by Historic PFAS Waste Sites |
| title_fullStr | Nontargeted Analysis of Surface and Groundwaters Impacted by Historic PFAS Waste Sites |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nontargeted Analysis of Surface and Groundwaters Impacted by Historic PFAS Waste Sites |
| title_short | Nontargeted Analysis of Surface and Groundwaters Impacted by Historic PFAS Waste Sites |
| title_sort | Nontargeted Analysis of Surface and Groundwaters Impacted by Historic PFAS Waste Sites |
| topic | Biochemistry Pharmacology Ecology Inorganic Chemistry Infectious Diseases Virology Space Science Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified substantial ongoing contamination historically received wastes 1940 – 1970s carboxylic acid species surrounding two sites two waste sites historic pfas manufacturing historical manufacturing carboxylic acids widespread industrial watershed due waste disposal sulfonamido chemistries polyfluoroalkyl substances pfas present pfas manufacturer one site nontargeted analysis groundwaters impacted existing pfas downgradient transport diverse class containing analogs commercial uses anthropogenic chemicals 210 pfas |