Nontargeted Analysis of Surface and Groundwaters Impacted by Historic PFAS Waste Sites

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) make up a diverse class of anthropogenic chemicals with widespread industrial and commercial uses. Historical manufacturing and disposal of PFAS have led to their introduction to the environment, although only a fraction of existing PFAS are routinely monit...

وصف كامل

محفوظ في:
التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
المؤلف الرئيسي: Heather D. Whitehead (6565508) (author)
مؤلفون آخرون: Timothy J. Buckley (71777) (author), Jon R Sobus (21563746) (author), Jacqueline Bangma (8967023) (author), Denise K. MacMillan (5011070) (author), Antony J. Williams (132578) (author), Gregory Janesch (16378886) (author), James Coombs (21563749) (author), Erin Newman (17621145) (author), Andri Dahlmeier (17621139) (author), Stefan Saravia (17621142) (author), Rosie Rushing (16814768) (author), Marla DeVault (4860010) (author), James P. McCord (1564198) (author)
منشور في: 2025
الموضوعات:
الوسوم: إضافة وسم
لا توجد وسوم, كن أول من يضع وسما على هذه التسجيلة!
_version_ 1852019239992426496
author Heather D. Whitehead (6565508)
author2 Timothy J. Buckley (71777)
Jon R Sobus (21563746)
Jacqueline Bangma (8967023)
Denise K. MacMillan (5011070)
Antony J. Williams (132578)
Gregory Janesch (16378886)
James Coombs (21563749)
Erin Newman (17621145)
Andri Dahlmeier (17621139)
Stefan Saravia (17621142)
Rosie Rushing (16814768)
Marla DeVault (4860010)
James P. McCord (1564198)
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author_facet Heather D. Whitehead (6565508)
Timothy J. Buckley (71777)
Jon R Sobus (21563746)
Jacqueline Bangma (8967023)
Denise K. MacMillan (5011070)
Antony J. Williams (132578)
Gregory Janesch (16378886)
James Coombs (21563749)
Erin Newman (17621145)
Andri Dahlmeier (17621139)
Stefan Saravia (17621142)
Rosie Rushing (16814768)
Marla DeVault (4860010)
James P. McCord (1564198)
author_role author
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Heather D. Whitehead (6565508)
Timothy J. Buckley (71777)
Jon R Sobus (21563746)
Jacqueline Bangma (8967023)
Denise K. MacMillan (5011070)
Antony J. Williams (132578)
Gregory Janesch (16378886)
James Coombs (21563749)
Erin Newman (17621145)
Andri Dahlmeier (17621139)
Stefan Saravia (17621142)
Rosie Rushing (16814768)
Marla DeVault (4860010)
James P. McCord (1564198)
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025-06-18T05:50:55Z
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv 10.1021/acs.est.5c03243.s005
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Nontargeted_Analysis_of_Surface_and_Groundwaters_Impacted_by_Historic_PFAS_Waste_Sites/29348113
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv CC BY-NC 4.0
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Biochemistry
Pharmacology
Ecology
Inorganic Chemistry
Infectious Diseases
Virology
Space Science
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
substantial ongoing contamination
historically received wastes
1940 – 1970s
carboxylic acid species
surrounding two sites
two waste sites
historic pfas manufacturing
historical manufacturing
carboxylic acids
widespread industrial
watershed due
waste disposal
sulfonamido chemistries
polyfluoroalkyl substances
pfas present
pfas manufacturer
one site
nontargeted analysis
groundwaters impacted
existing pfas
downgradient transport
diverse class
containing analogs
commercial uses
anthropogenic chemicals
210 pfas
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Nontargeted Analysis of Surface and Groundwaters Impacted by Historic PFAS Waste Sites
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv Dataset
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dataset
description Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) make up a diverse class of anthropogenic chemicals with widespread industrial and commercial uses. Historical manufacturing and disposal of PFAS have led to their introduction to the environment, although only a fraction of existing PFAS are routinely monitored using targeted analysis methods. Here, nontargeted analysis was used to investigate the identity and fate of PFAS present in eight groundwater and nine surface water samples collected near St. Paul, MN, surrounding two sites that historically received wastes from a PFAS manufacturer in the 1940–1970s. A total of 210 PFAS, split across 33 different homologous series, were identified in surface and groundwater samples both at and downstream of the two waste sites. Identified compounds included perfluorinated, polyfluorinated, and unsaturated sulfonic and carboxylic acid species as well as a variety of sulfonamide and sulfonamido chemistries. PFAS measured downgradient included legacy perfluorinated sulfonic and carboxylic acids, as well as their polyfluorinated, unsaturated, keto, and ether-containing analogs. Two-thirds of the identified PFAS were unique to the groundwater at one site. The lack of these PFAS at downstream sites likely reflects dilution below the limit of detection during downgradient transport. The identified species reveal previously unknown and substantial ongoing contamination of the watershed due to historic PFAS manufacturing and waste disposal.
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
id Manara_293a2f19b94de8222621305ace6fa2c7
identifier_str_mv 10.1021/acs.est.5c03243.s005
network_acronym_str Manara
network_name_str ManaraRepo
oai_identifier_str oai:figshare.com:article/29348113
publishDate 2025
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository_id_str
rights_invalid_str_mv CC BY-NC 4.0
spelling Nontargeted Analysis of Surface and Groundwaters Impacted by Historic PFAS Waste SitesHeather D. Whitehead (6565508)Timothy J. Buckley (71777)Jon R Sobus (21563746)Jacqueline Bangma (8967023)Denise K. MacMillan (5011070)Antony J. Williams (132578)Gregory Janesch (16378886)James Coombs (21563749)Erin Newman (17621145)Andri Dahlmeier (17621139)Stefan Saravia (17621142)Rosie Rushing (16814768)Marla DeVault (4860010)James P. McCord (1564198)BiochemistryPharmacologyEcologyInorganic ChemistryInfectious DiseasesVirologySpace ScienceEnvironmental Sciences not elsewhere classifiedBiological Sciences not elsewhere classifiedChemical Sciences not elsewhere classifiedsubstantial ongoing contaminationhistorically received wastes1940 – 1970scarboxylic acid speciessurrounding two sitestwo waste siteshistoric pfas manufacturinghistorical manufacturingcarboxylic acidswidespread industrialwatershed duewaste disposalsulfonamido chemistriespolyfluoroalkyl substancespfas presentpfas manufacturerone sitenontargeted analysisgroundwaters impactedexisting pfasdowngradient transportdiverse classcontaining analogscommercial usesanthropogenic chemicals210 pfasPer- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) make up a diverse class of anthropogenic chemicals with widespread industrial and commercial uses. Historical manufacturing and disposal of PFAS have led to their introduction to the environment, although only a fraction of existing PFAS are routinely monitored using targeted analysis methods. Here, nontargeted analysis was used to investigate the identity and fate of PFAS present in eight groundwater and nine surface water samples collected near St. Paul, MN, surrounding two sites that historically received wastes from a PFAS manufacturer in the 1940–1970s. A total of 210 PFAS, split across 33 different homologous series, were identified in surface and groundwater samples both at and downstream of the two waste sites. Identified compounds included perfluorinated, polyfluorinated, and unsaturated sulfonic and carboxylic acid species as well as a variety of sulfonamide and sulfonamido chemistries. PFAS measured downgradient included legacy perfluorinated sulfonic and carboxylic acids, as well as their polyfluorinated, unsaturated, keto, and ether-containing analogs. Two-thirds of the identified PFAS were unique to the groundwater at one site. The lack of these PFAS at downstream sites likely reflects dilution below the limit of detection during downgradient transport. The identified species reveal previously unknown and substantial ongoing contamination of the watershed due to historic PFAS manufacturing and waste disposal.2025-06-18T05:50:55ZDatasetinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiondataset10.1021/acs.est.5c03243.s005https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Nontargeted_Analysis_of_Surface_and_Groundwaters_Impacted_by_Historic_PFAS_Waste_Sites/29348113CC BY-NC 4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:figshare.com:article/293481132025-06-18T05:50:55Z
spellingShingle Nontargeted Analysis of Surface and Groundwaters Impacted by Historic PFAS Waste Sites
Heather D. Whitehead (6565508)
Biochemistry
Pharmacology
Ecology
Inorganic Chemistry
Infectious Diseases
Virology
Space Science
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
substantial ongoing contamination
historically received wastes
1940 – 1970s
carboxylic acid species
surrounding two sites
two waste sites
historic pfas manufacturing
historical manufacturing
carboxylic acids
widespread industrial
watershed due
waste disposal
sulfonamido chemistries
polyfluoroalkyl substances
pfas present
pfas manufacturer
one site
nontargeted analysis
groundwaters impacted
existing pfas
downgradient transport
diverse class
containing analogs
commercial uses
anthropogenic chemicals
210 pfas
status_str publishedVersion
title Nontargeted Analysis of Surface and Groundwaters Impacted by Historic PFAS Waste Sites
title_full Nontargeted Analysis of Surface and Groundwaters Impacted by Historic PFAS Waste Sites
title_fullStr Nontargeted Analysis of Surface and Groundwaters Impacted by Historic PFAS Waste Sites
title_full_unstemmed Nontargeted Analysis of Surface and Groundwaters Impacted by Historic PFAS Waste Sites
title_short Nontargeted Analysis of Surface and Groundwaters Impacted by Historic PFAS Waste Sites
title_sort Nontargeted Analysis of Surface and Groundwaters Impacted by Historic PFAS Waste Sites
topic Biochemistry
Pharmacology
Ecology
Inorganic Chemistry
Infectious Diseases
Virology
Space Science
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
substantial ongoing contamination
historically received wastes
1940 – 1970s
carboxylic acid species
surrounding two sites
two waste sites
historic pfas manufacturing
historical manufacturing
carboxylic acids
widespread industrial
watershed due
waste disposal
sulfonamido chemistries
polyfluoroalkyl substances
pfas present
pfas manufacturer
one site
nontargeted analysis
groundwaters impacted
existing pfas
downgradient transport
diverse class
containing analogs
commercial uses
anthropogenic chemicals
210 pfas