Synthetic Aperture Radar as a Tool for Tornado Classification in Forested Areas
<p>Canada’s tornado climatology has historically been challenging to accurately assess. Many Canadian tornadoes are currently rated on the Enhanced Fujita scale using treefall as a damage indicator, though this approach may occasionally underestimate tornado intensity. In this work, we propose...
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2025
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| _version_ | 1849927640685740032 |
|---|---|
| author | Sophia G. Slabon (22677053) |
| author2 | Catherine D. Neish (22677056) Connell S. Miller (18783010) |
| author2_role | author author |
| author_facet | Sophia G. Slabon (22677053) Catherine D. Neish (22677056) Connell S. Miller (18783010) |
| author_role | author |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Sophia G. Slabon (22677053) Catherine D. Neish (22677056) Connell S. Miller (18783010) |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv | 2025-11-24T21:40:04Z |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | 10.6084/m9.figshare.30698444.v1 |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv | https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Synthetic_Aperture_Radar_as_a_Tool_for_Tornado_Classification_in_Forested_Areas/30698444 |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | Ecology Cancer Space Science Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Information Systems not elsewhere classified synthetic aperture radar treefall damage indicators tornadoes originally assigned recent canadian tornadoes many canadian tornadoes higher intensity tornadoes accurate tornado ratings damage indicator classifying tornadoes classify tornadoes tornado event tornado climatology tornado classification track consisting study provides results showed least 25 large number forested areas ef3 +) ef2 based currently rated canada ’ accurately assess 1 c |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | Synthetic Aperture Radar as a Tool for Tornado Classification in Forested Areas |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | Dataset info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion dataset |
| description | <p>Canada’s tornado climatology has historically been challenging to accurately assess. Many Canadian tornadoes are currently rated on the Enhanced Fujita scale using treefall as a damage indicator, though this approach may occasionally underestimate tornado intensity. In this work, we propose that the use of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images of tornado tracks may lead to more accurate tornado ratings in tornadoes that have at least 25% of their track consisting of forested areas. We create a replicable methodology by which SAR data can be used to classify tornadoes by generating difference images using Sentinel-1 C-Band radar data acquired before and after the tornado event. We apply this methodology to a large number of recent Canadian tornadoes. The results showed that only higher intensity tornadoes (EF3+) were detectable in the SAR change detection images. Critically, the results revealed possible misclassifications, where tornadoes originally assigned a rating of EF2 based on treefall damage indicators were visible in the SAR imagery. Our study provides a foundation for future work, providing an improved methodology for classifying tornadoes in remote forested areas.</p> |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| id | Manara_3cf3afc79d825996081b533512b2e735 |
| identifier_str_mv | 10.6084/m9.figshare.30698444.v1 |
| network_acronym_str | Manara |
| network_name_str | ManaraRepo |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:figshare.com:article/30698444 |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv | |
| repository_id_str | |
| rights_invalid_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 |
| spelling | Synthetic Aperture Radar as a Tool for Tornado Classification in Forested AreasSophia G. Slabon (22677053)Catherine D. Neish (22677056)Connell S. Miller (18783010)EcologyCancerSpace ScienceEnvironmental Sciences not elsewhere classifiedBiological Sciences not elsewhere classifiedInformation Systems not elsewhere classifiedsynthetic aperture radartreefall damage indicatorstornadoes originally assignedrecent canadian tornadoesmany canadian tornadoeshigher intensity tornadoesaccurate tornado ratingsdamage indicatorclassifying tornadoesclassify tornadoestornado eventtornado climatologytornado classificationtrack consistingstudy providesresults showedleast 25large numberforested areasef3 +)ef2 basedcurrently ratedcanada ’accurately assess1 c<p>Canada’s tornado climatology has historically been challenging to accurately assess. Many Canadian tornadoes are currently rated on the Enhanced Fujita scale using treefall as a damage indicator, though this approach may occasionally underestimate tornado intensity. In this work, we propose that the use of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images of tornado tracks may lead to more accurate tornado ratings in tornadoes that have at least 25% of their track consisting of forested areas. We create a replicable methodology by which SAR data can be used to classify tornadoes by generating difference images using Sentinel-1 C-Band radar data acquired before and after the tornado event. We apply this methodology to a large number of recent Canadian tornadoes. The results showed that only higher intensity tornadoes (EF3+) were detectable in the SAR change detection images. Critically, the results revealed possible misclassifications, where tornadoes originally assigned a rating of EF2 based on treefall damage indicators were visible in the SAR imagery. Our study provides a foundation for future work, providing an improved methodology for classifying tornadoes in remote forested areas.</p>2025-11-24T21:40:04ZDatasetinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiondataset10.6084/m9.figshare.30698444.v1https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Synthetic_Aperture_Radar_as_a_Tool_for_Tornado_Classification_in_Forested_Areas/30698444CC BY 4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:figshare.com:article/306984442025-11-24T21:40:04Z |
| spellingShingle | Synthetic Aperture Radar as a Tool for Tornado Classification in Forested Areas Sophia G. Slabon (22677053) Ecology Cancer Space Science Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Information Systems not elsewhere classified synthetic aperture radar treefall damage indicators tornadoes originally assigned recent canadian tornadoes many canadian tornadoes higher intensity tornadoes accurate tornado ratings damage indicator classifying tornadoes classify tornadoes tornado event tornado climatology tornado classification track consisting study provides results showed least 25 large number forested areas ef3 +) ef2 based currently rated canada ’ accurately assess 1 c |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | Synthetic Aperture Radar as a Tool for Tornado Classification in Forested Areas |
| title_full | Synthetic Aperture Radar as a Tool for Tornado Classification in Forested Areas |
| title_fullStr | Synthetic Aperture Radar as a Tool for Tornado Classification in Forested Areas |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synthetic Aperture Radar as a Tool for Tornado Classification in Forested Areas |
| title_short | Synthetic Aperture Radar as a Tool for Tornado Classification in Forested Areas |
| title_sort | Synthetic Aperture Radar as a Tool for Tornado Classification in Forested Areas |
| topic | Ecology Cancer Space Science Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Information Systems not elsewhere classified synthetic aperture radar treefall damage indicators tornadoes originally assigned recent canadian tornadoes many canadian tornadoes higher intensity tornadoes accurate tornado ratings damage indicator classifying tornadoes classify tornadoes tornado event tornado climatology tornado classification track consisting study provides results showed least 25 large number forested areas ef3 +) ef2 based currently rated canada ’ accurately assess 1 c |