Schematic diagram of spiral update.

<div><p>As the new generation of information technology matures and improves, the functions of intelligent connected vehicles become more and more perfect, and the number of urban connected vehicles is also increasing. To provide an effective optimization scheme to the mixed traffic flow...

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Main Author: Anqi Jiang (4583380) (author)
Other Authors: Faziawati binti Abdul Aziz (21161795) (author), Norsidah binti Ujang (21161798) (author), Mohd Afzan bin Mohamed (21161801) (author)
Published: 2025
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_version_ 1852021142808690688
author Anqi Jiang (4583380)
author2 Faziawati binti Abdul Aziz (21161795)
Norsidah binti Ujang (21161798)
Mohd Afzan bin Mohamed (21161801)
author2_role author
author
author
author_facet Anqi Jiang (4583380)
Faziawati binti Abdul Aziz (21161795)
Norsidah binti Ujang (21161798)
Mohd Afzan bin Mohamed (21161801)
author_role author
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Anqi Jiang (4583380)
Faziawati binti Abdul Aziz (21161795)
Norsidah binti Ujang (21161798)
Mohd Afzan bin Mohamed (21161801)
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025-04-22T17:25:51Z
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv 10.1371/journal.pone.0321540.g004
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Schematic_diagram_of_spiral_update_/28841501
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv CC BY 4.0
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Biotechnology
Space Science
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
urban connected vehicles
road network ts
information technology matures
fairness index threshold
effective optimization scheme
current traffic situation
65 %, respectively
research results contribute
experimental results demonstrate
around 30 iterations
level programming model
div >< p
level model
results showed
around 10
wolfe algorithm
study investigates
solving algorithm
operational safety
new generation
networked environment
lane planning
iris dataset
convergence limit
chaos strategy
also increasing
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Schematic diagram of spiral update.
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv Image
Figure
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
image
description <div><p>As the new generation of information technology matures and improves, the functions of intelligent connected vehicles become more and more perfect, and the number of urban connected vehicles is also increasing. To provide an effective optimization scheme to the mixed traffic flow road network in the networked environment, the study investigates the lane planning for urban connected vehicles method. First, a lane planning for urban connected vehicles bi-level programming model is constructed. Then, the upper-level model is solved using improved whale optimization, and the lower-level model is solved using improved Frank-Wolfe algorithm. The results showed that the accuracy and recall of the proposed improved whale optimization algorithm on the Iris dataset were 95.27% and 92.65%, respectively, which were superior to traditional whale optimization algorithm, moth flame optimization algorithm, moth flame optimization algorithm combined with chaos strategy, and adaptive firefly optimization algorithm. The proposed improved Frank Wolfe algorithm can converge at around 30 iterations, with a convergence limit of around 10<sup>-4</sup>, which is superior to the traditional Frank Wolfe algorithm. The minimum total travel cost of the road system gradually decreases with the increase of the fairness index threshold. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed urban connected vehicle lane planning model and solving algorithm. The research results contribute to improving the operational safety and efficiency of the road network TS, thereby improving the current traffic situation of the urban TS.</p></div>
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
id Manara_43dded0d2dc05958d474e4ac6b4207c5
identifier_str_mv 10.1371/journal.pone.0321540.g004
network_acronym_str Manara
network_name_str ManaraRepo
oai_identifier_str oai:figshare.com:article/28841501
publishDate 2025
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository_id_str
rights_invalid_str_mv CC BY 4.0
spelling Schematic diagram of spiral update.Anqi Jiang (4583380)Faziawati binti Abdul Aziz (21161795)Norsidah binti Ujang (21161798)Mohd Afzan bin Mohamed (21161801)BiotechnologySpace ScienceBiological Sciences not elsewhere classifiedMathematical Sciences not elsewhere classifiedInformation Systems not elsewhere classifiedurban connected vehiclesroad network tsinformation technology maturesfairness index thresholdeffective optimization schemecurrent traffic situation65 %, respectivelyresearch results contributeexperimental results demonstratearound 30 iterationslevel programming modeldiv >< plevel modelresults showedaround 10wolfe algorithmstudy investigatessolving algorithmoperational safetynew generationnetworked environmentlane planningiris datasetconvergence limitchaos strategyalso increasing<div><p>As the new generation of information technology matures and improves, the functions of intelligent connected vehicles become more and more perfect, and the number of urban connected vehicles is also increasing. To provide an effective optimization scheme to the mixed traffic flow road network in the networked environment, the study investigates the lane planning for urban connected vehicles method. First, a lane planning for urban connected vehicles bi-level programming model is constructed. Then, the upper-level model is solved using improved whale optimization, and the lower-level model is solved using improved Frank-Wolfe algorithm. The results showed that the accuracy and recall of the proposed improved whale optimization algorithm on the Iris dataset were 95.27% and 92.65%, respectively, which were superior to traditional whale optimization algorithm, moth flame optimization algorithm, moth flame optimization algorithm combined with chaos strategy, and adaptive firefly optimization algorithm. The proposed improved Frank Wolfe algorithm can converge at around 30 iterations, with a convergence limit of around 10<sup>-4</sup>, which is superior to the traditional Frank Wolfe algorithm. The minimum total travel cost of the road system gradually decreases with the increase of the fairness index threshold. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed urban connected vehicle lane planning model and solving algorithm. The research results contribute to improving the operational safety and efficiency of the road network TS, thereby improving the current traffic situation of the urban TS.</p></div>2025-04-22T17:25:51ZImageFigureinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionimage10.1371/journal.pone.0321540.g004https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Schematic_diagram_of_spiral_update_/28841501CC BY 4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:figshare.com:article/288415012025-04-22T17:25:51Z
spellingShingle Schematic diagram of spiral update.
Anqi Jiang (4583380)
Biotechnology
Space Science
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
urban connected vehicles
road network ts
information technology matures
fairness index threshold
effective optimization scheme
current traffic situation
65 %, respectively
research results contribute
experimental results demonstrate
around 30 iterations
level programming model
div >< p
level model
results showed
around 10
wolfe algorithm
study investigates
solving algorithm
operational safety
new generation
networked environment
lane planning
iris dataset
convergence limit
chaos strategy
also increasing
status_str publishedVersion
title Schematic diagram of spiral update.
title_full Schematic diagram of spiral update.
title_fullStr Schematic diagram of spiral update.
title_full_unstemmed Schematic diagram of spiral update.
title_short Schematic diagram of spiral update.
title_sort Schematic diagram of spiral update.
topic Biotechnology
Space Science
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
urban connected vehicles
road network ts
information technology matures
fairness index threshold
effective optimization scheme
current traffic situation
65 %, respectively
research results contribute
experimental results demonstrate
around 30 iterations
level programming model
div >< p
level model
results showed
around 10
wolfe algorithm
study investigates
solving algorithm
operational safety
new generation
networked environment
lane planning
iris dataset
convergence limit
chaos strategy
also increasing