Field observation data.
<div><p>Over recent decades, several predator species have returned to human-dominated landscapes in Europe, with wolves (<i>Canis lupus)</i> causing the most damage to livestock. In Germany, some ‘pioneer’ farmers started keeping guard dogs (<i>Canis lupus familiaris)&...
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| _version_ | 1849927629614874624 |
|---|---|
| author | Konstanze Krueger (6750239) |
| author2 | Kimberly Scarlet Camenzind (22683241) Aida Kumpf (22683244) Kate Farmer (22683247) Maren Bernau (22683250) |
| author2_role | author author author author |
| author_facet | Konstanze Krueger (6750239) Kimberly Scarlet Camenzind (22683241) Aida Kumpf (22683244) Kate Farmer (22683247) Maren Bernau (22683250) |
| author_role | author |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Konstanze Krueger (6750239) Kimberly Scarlet Camenzind (22683241) Aida Kumpf (22683244) Kate Farmer (22683247) Maren Bernau (22683250) |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv | 2025-11-25T18:24:30Z |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0337432.s001 |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv | https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Field_observation_data_/30713341 |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | Neuroscience Evolutionary Biology Ecology Sociology Science Policy Virology Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified several predator species guarding various species farmers ’ training div >< p direct field observation canis lupus )</ asked equine science animal body lengths agriculture students trained reports included observations frequent public contact guard dogs appear 113 guard dogs dog management practices general public unfamiliar dogs ’ behaviour behaviour towards goats farms across germany guard dogs behaviour observations unfamiliar persons older dogs external dogs wolves (< two approaches recent decades large variety large mixed known persons initial visits external individuals dominated landscapes consistently watchful |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | Field observation data. |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | Dataset info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion dataset |
| description | <div><p>Over recent decades, several predator species have returned to human-dominated landscapes in Europe, with wolves (<i>Canis lupus)</i> causing the most damage to livestock. In Germany, some ‘pioneer’ farmers started keeping guard dogs (<i>Canis lupus familiaris)</i> to protect their livestock, but these ‘pioneers’ faced opposition from a general public unfamiliar with methods of protecting against predators. To evaluate the use and management of guard dogs to protect various farm animal species against predators in rural areas frequently used by the public in Germany, we studied the behaviour of 113 guard dogs on farms across Germany that have frequent public contact. Two approaches were used: I) we observed guard dog proximity to and behaviour towards goats and horses with direct field observation, and II) we asked equine science and agriculture students trained in behaviour observations and official herd management commissioners to report their experiences of guard dogs during their initial visits to farms keeping various livestock species. These reports included observations of the dogs’ behaviour and information about the farm and dog management practices, and showed that guard dogs preferentially stay within 1 farm-animal body lengths of goats and horses. They adapted to a large variety of tasks and could protect various species. They displayed friendly behaviour towards the owners of the farms and known persons, and all behaviour categories towards farm animals and unfamiliar persons in the presence of the owner. They were dominant and watchful towards unknown persons and external dogs. The farmers’ training and socialising of their guard dogs appear to be successful, as older dogs, and large mixed-sex guard dog groups were consistently watchful against external individuals, but friendly towards farm personnel. In conclusion, guard dogs adapt well to guarding various species on German farms.</p></div> |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| id | Manara_6c628159ed45b30d093d89b19073c809 |
| identifier_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0337432.s001 |
| network_acronym_str | Manara |
| network_name_str | ManaraRepo |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:figshare.com:article/30713341 |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv | |
| repository_id_str | |
| rights_invalid_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 |
| spelling | Field observation data.Konstanze Krueger (6750239)Kimberly Scarlet Camenzind (22683241)Aida Kumpf (22683244)Kate Farmer (22683247)Maren Bernau (22683250)NeuroscienceEvolutionary BiologyEcologySociologyScience PolicyVirologyEnvironmental Sciences not elsewhere classifiedBiological Sciences not elsewhere classifiedseveral predator speciesguarding various speciesfarmers ’ trainingdiv >< pdirect field observationcanis lupus )</asked equine scienceanimal body lengthsagriculture students trainedreports included observationsfrequent public contactguard dogs appear113 guard dogsdog management practicesgeneral public unfamiliardogs ’ behaviourbehaviour towards goatsfarms across germanyguard dogsbehaviour observationsunfamiliar personsolder dogsexternal dogswolves (<two approachesrecent decadeslarge varietylarge mixedknown personsinitial visitsexternal individualsdominated landscapesconsistently watchful<div><p>Over recent decades, several predator species have returned to human-dominated landscapes in Europe, with wolves (<i>Canis lupus)</i> causing the most damage to livestock. In Germany, some ‘pioneer’ farmers started keeping guard dogs (<i>Canis lupus familiaris)</i> to protect their livestock, but these ‘pioneers’ faced opposition from a general public unfamiliar with methods of protecting against predators. To evaluate the use and management of guard dogs to protect various farm animal species against predators in rural areas frequently used by the public in Germany, we studied the behaviour of 113 guard dogs on farms across Germany that have frequent public contact. Two approaches were used: I) we observed guard dog proximity to and behaviour towards goats and horses with direct field observation, and II) we asked equine science and agriculture students trained in behaviour observations and official herd management commissioners to report their experiences of guard dogs during their initial visits to farms keeping various livestock species. These reports included observations of the dogs’ behaviour and information about the farm and dog management practices, and showed that guard dogs preferentially stay within 1 farm-animal body lengths of goats and horses. They adapted to a large variety of tasks and could protect various species. They displayed friendly behaviour towards the owners of the farms and known persons, and all behaviour categories towards farm animals and unfamiliar persons in the presence of the owner. They were dominant and watchful towards unknown persons and external dogs. The farmers’ training and socialising of their guard dogs appear to be successful, as older dogs, and large mixed-sex guard dog groups were consistently watchful against external individuals, but friendly towards farm personnel. In conclusion, guard dogs adapt well to guarding various species on German farms.</p></div>2025-11-25T18:24:30ZDatasetinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiondataset10.1371/journal.pone.0337432.s001https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Field_observation_data_/30713341CC BY 4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:figshare.com:article/307133412025-11-25T18:24:30Z |
| spellingShingle | Field observation data. Konstanze Krueger (6750239) Neuroscience Evolutionary Biology Ecology Sociology Science Policy Virology Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified several predator species guarding various species farmers ’ training div >< p direct field observation canis lupus )</ asked equine science animal body lengths agriculture students trained reports included observations frequent public contact guard dogs appear 113 guard dogs dog management practices general public unfamiliar dogs ’ behaviour behaviour towards goats farms across germany guard dogs behaviour observations unfamiliar persons older dogs external dogs wolves (< two approaches recent decades large variety large mixed known persons initial visits external individuals dominated landscapes consistently watchful |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | Field observation data. |
| title_full | Field observation data. |
| title_fullStr | Field observation data. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Field observation data. |
| title_short | Field observation data. |
| title_sort | Field observation data. |
| topic | Neuroscience Evolutionary Biology Ecology Sociology Science Policy Virology Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified several predator species guarding various species farmers ’ training div >< p direct field observation canis lupus )</ asked equine science animal body lengths agriculture students trained reports included observations frequent public contact guard dogs appear 113 guard dogs dog management practices general public unfamiliar dogs ’ behaviour behaviour towards goats farms across germany guard dogs behaviour observations unfamiliar persons older dogs external dogs wolves (< two approaches recent decades large variety large mixed known persons initial visits external individuals dominated landscapes consistently watchful |