<b>Minimal repeats identified by machine learning as novel cross-species markers of translation initiation sites</b>
<p dir="ltr">Statistical approaches indicate that tandem repeats (TRs) play a crucial regulatory role in translation initiation site (TIS) selection and proteomic diversity.<b> </b>By leveraging machine learning techniques, we enhanced the previous approaches and investig...
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2025
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| Sumari: | <p dir="ltr">Statistical approaches indicate that tandem repeats (TRs) play a crucial regulatory role in translation initiation site (TIS) selection and proteomic diversity.<b> </b>By leveraging machine learning techniques, we enhanced the previous approaches and investigated the impact of the TR spectrum, ranging from 2 to 85 repeats on TIS selection across four species, consisting of human, mouse, bovine, and fruit fly.<b> </b>We identified a subset of 50 key motifs that effectively distinguish TIS-present from TIS-absent regions with high accuracy. The majority of these motif sequences (80 %) were minimal repeats (MRs), mainly ranging from 2 to 3 repeats. We found evolutionary conservation of the majority of these motifs, underscoring their functional importance, while certain species-specific MRs served as genomic fingerprints, reflecting unique regulatory adaptations. Additionally, the dense distribution of MRs around TISs highlighted their potential as genomic codes for identifying TIS hotspots.<b> </b>This study signified that alongside TRs, MRs are key genomic markers for TIS selection, offering insights into their biological roles and evolutionary significance. The mechanistic aspects of MRs/TRs are yet to be discovered in future studies.</p> |
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