Characteristics of included studies.
<div><p>Introduction</p><p>Sickle Cell Anemia (SCA) is a significant genetic disorder in Africa; however, comprehensive data on its prevalence and geographic distribution remain limited. We aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of SCA (HbSS) in African populations and exami...
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2025
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| _version_ | 1849927629027672064 |
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| author | Bwambale Jonani (21156747) |
| author2 | Emmanuel Charles Kasule (21156750) Bwire Roman Herman (21168941) Joel Fredrick Arturo (21156756) Mwesigwa Calvin Mugambwa (22683322) Ssebulime Stephen (21156771) John Bosco Mundaka (20309196) Richard Kwizera (606632) Gerald Mboowa (770601) Felix Bongomin (5081681) |
| author2_role | author author author author author author author author author |
| author_facet | Bwambale Jonani (21156747) Emmanuel Charles Kasule (21156750) Bwire Roman Herman (21168941) Joel Fredrick Arturo (21156756) Mwesigwa Calvin Mugambwa (22683322) Ssebulime Stephen (21156771) John Bosco Mundaka (20309196) Richard Kwizera (606632) Gerald Mboowa (770601) Felix Bongomin (5081681) |
| author_role | author |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Bwambale Jonani (21156747) Emmanuel Charles Kasule (21156750) Bwire Roman Herman (21168941) Joel Fredrick Arturo (21156756) Mwesigwa Calvin Mugambwa (22683322) Ssebulime Stephen (21156771) John Bosco Mundaka (20309196) Richard Kwizera (606632) Gerald Mboowa (770601) Felix Bongomin (5081681) |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv | 2025-11-25T18:27:01Z |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0337090.t001 |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv | https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Characteristics_of_included_studies_/30713614 |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | Biotechnology Science Policy Infectious Diseases Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified three decades despite systematically searched pubmed sickle cell anemia electrophoretic techniques predominated 21 %– 8 1994 &# 8211 improved diagnostic accessibility southern africa showed sensitivity analysis showed central africa showed 74 %; p significant genetic disorder including geographic region 08 %– 1 analysis </ p 2 </ sup males 2 diagnostic method xlink "> temporal variations systematic review subgroup analyses study variability study design specific interventions significantly moderated research output remained stable quality assurance quality assessments prediction interval marginally significant logit transformation google scholar fold increase findings highlight examine regional continued surveillance comprehensive data children exhibited cases ). care technologies base databases african populations 91 %. 88 %), 839 participants 694 ). 65 %) 6 %). |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | Characteristics of included studies. |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | Dataset info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion dataset |
| description | <div><p>Introduction</p><p>Sickle Cell Anemia (SCA) is a significant genetic disorder in Africa; however, comprehensive data on its prevalence and geographic distribution remain limited. We aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of SCA (HbSS) in African populations and examine regional, demographic, and temporal variations from 1994–2024.</p><p>Methods</p><p>We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and BASE databases for studies reporting SCA prevalence in African populations. Screening and quality assessments were performed using JBI tools. A random-effects meta-analysis with logit transformation was performed, with subgroup analyses by region, age, sex, and study design. Meta-regression explored heterogeneity sources, including geographic region, age category, diagnostic method, study design, and publication year.</p><p>Results</p><p>From 115 studies with 1,203,839 participants and 17,458 confirmed HbSS cases, the pooled prevalence was 1.43% (95% CI: 1.08%–1.88%), with substantial heterogeneity (I<sup>2</sup> = 99.1%) and a prediction interval of 0.21%–8.91%. Central Africa showed the highest prevalence (1.99%), and Southern Africa showed the lowest (0.59%). Children exhibited a higher prevalence (1.65%) than adults (0.45%), while sex differences were non-significant (males 2.71%, females 1.74%; p = 0.694). The prevalence has remained stable over three decades despite a six-fold increase in research output, although wide prediction intervals indicated substantial between-study variability. Electrophoretic techniques predominated (86.4% of cases). Diagnostic method (χ² = 16.73, p = 0.033) and age category (χ² = 33.66, p < 0.0001) significantly moderated the prevalence. The multivariable meta-regression was marginally significant (χ² = 29.01, p = 0.066), but substantial residual heterogeneity persisted (I<sup>2</sup> = 98.6%). Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis showed that no single study significantly impacted the pooled estimates.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>SCA represents a substantial and geographically variable public health challenge across Africa. These findings highlight the need for region-specific interventions, expanded newborn screening programs, improved diagnostic accessibility with quality assurance for point-of-care technologies, and continued surveillance to address geographic gaps.</p></div> |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| id | Manara_a15746ea1fdecbd79a3bbfe5337efc9d |
| identifier_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0337090.t001 |
| network_acronym_str | Manara |
| network_name_str | ManaraRepo |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:figshare.com:article/30713614 |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv | |
| repository_id_str | |
| rights_invalid_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 |
| spelling | Characteristics of included studies.Bwambale Jonani (21156747)Emmanuel Charles Kasule (21156750)Bwire Roman Herman (21168941)Joel Fredrick Arturo (21156756)Mwesigwa Calvin Mugambwa (22683322)Ssebulime Stephen (21156771)John Bosco Mundaka (20309196)Richard Kwizera (606632)Gerald Mboowa (770601)Felix Bongomin (5081681)BiotechnologyScience PolicyInfectious DiseasesBiological Sciences not elsewhere classifiedthree decades despitesystematically searched pubmedsickle cell anemiaelectrophoretic techniques predominated21 %– 81994 &# 8211improved diagnostic accessibilitysouthern africa showedsensitivity analysis showedcentral africa showed74 %; psignificant genetic disorderincluding geographic region08 %– 1analysis </ p2 </ supmales 2diagnostic methodxlink ">temporal variationssystematic reviewsubgroup analysesstudy variabilitystudy designspecific interventionssignificantly moderatedresearch outputremained stablequality assurancequality assessmentsprediction intervalmarginally significantlogit transformationgoogle scholarfold increasefindings highlightexamine regionalcontinued surveillancecomprehensive datachildren exhibitedcases ).care technologiesbase databasesafrican populations91 %.88 %),839 participants694 ).65 %)6 %).<div><p>Introduction</p><p>Sickle Cell Anemia (SCA) is a significant genetic disorder in Africa; however, comprehensive data on its prevalence and geographic distribution remain limited. We aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of SCA (HbSS) in African populations and examine regional, demographic, and temporal variations from 1994–2024.</p><p>Methods</p><p>We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and BASE databases for studies reporting SCA prevalence in African populations. Screening and quality assessments were performed using JBI tools. A random-effects meta-analysis with logit transformation was performed, with subgroup analyses by region, age, sex, and study design. Meta-regression explored heterogeneity sources, including geographic region, age category, diagnostic method, study design, and publication year.</p><p>Results</p><p>From 115 studies with 1,203,839 participants and 17,458 confirmed HbSS cases, the pooled prevalence was 1.43% (95% CI: 1.08%–1.88%), with substantial heterogeneity (I<sup>2</sup> = 99.1%) and a prediction interval of 0.21%–8.91%. Central Africa showed the highest prevalence (1.99%), and Southern Africa showed the lowest (0.59%). Children exhibited a higher prevalence (1.65%) than adults (0.45%), while sex differences were non-significant (males 2.71%, females 1.74%; p = 0.694). The prevalence has remained stable over three decades despite a six-fold increase in research output, although wide prediction intervals indicated substantial between-study variability. Electrophoretic techniques predominated (86.4% of cases). Diagnostic method (χ² = 16.73, p = 0.033) and age category (χ² = 33.66, p < 0.0001) significantly moderated the prevalence. The multivariable meta-regression was marginally significant (χ² = 29.01, p = 0.066), but substantial residual heterogeneity persisted (I<sup>2</sup> = 98.6%). Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis showed that no single study significantly impacted the pooled estimates.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>SCA represents a substantial and geographically variable public health challenge across Africa. These findings highlight the need for region-specific interventions, expanded newborn screening programs, improved diagnostic accessibility with quality assurance for point-of-care technologies, and continued surveillance to address geographic gaps.</p></div>2025-11-25T18:27:01ZDatasetinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiondataset10.1371/journal.pone.0337090.t001https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Characteristics_of_included_studies_/30713614CC BY 4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:figshare.com:article/307136142025-11-25T18:27:01Z |
| spellingShingle | Characteristics of included studies. Bwambale Jonani (21156747) Biotechnology Science Policy Infectious Diseases Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified three decades despite systematically searched pubmed sickle cell anemia electrophoretic techniques predominated 21 %– 8 1994 &# 8211 improved diagnostic accessibility southern africa showed sensitivity analysis showed central africa showed 74 %; p significant genetic disorder including geographic region 08 %– 1 analysis </ p 2 </ sup males 2 diagnostic method xlink "> temporal variations systematic review subgroup analyses study variability study design specific interventions significantly moderated research output remained stable quality assurance quality assessments prediction interval marginally significant logit transformation google scholar fold increase findings highlight examine regional continued surveillance comprehensive data children exhibited cases ). care technologies base databases african populations 91 %. 88 %), 839 participants 694 ). 65 %) 6 %). |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | Characteristics of included studies. |
| title_full | Characteristics of included studies. |
| title_fullStr | Characteristics of included studies. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characteristics of included studies. |
| title_short | Characteristics of included studies. |
| title_sort | Characteristics of included studies. |
| topic | Biotechnology Science Policy Infectious Diseases Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified three decades despite systematically searched pubmed sickle cell anemia electrophoretic techniques predominated 21 %– 8 1994 &# 8211 improved diagnostic accessibility southern africa showed sensitivity analysis showed central africa showed 74 %; p significant genetic disorder including geographic region 08 %– 1 analysis </ p 2 </ sup males 2 diagnostic method xlink "> temporal variations systematic review subgroup analyses study variability study design specific interventions significantly moderated research output remained stable quality assurance quality assessments prediction interval marginally significant logit transformation google scholar fold increase findings highlight examine regional continued surveillance comprehensive data children exhibited cases ). care technologies base databases african populations 91 %. 88 %), 839 participants 694 ). 65 %) 6 %). |