R<i>eadme</i> file for S6 Data.
<div><p>Evolutionary expectations about the virulence of parasites (i.e., the parasite-induced mortality rate of the host) often focus solely on the within-host transmission stage, overlooking the time spent between hosts and variations in transmission cycles. Moreover, the parasite grow...
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2025
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| _version_ | 1851484962471018496 |
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| author | Luís M. Silva (20934196) |
| author2 | Jacob C. Koella (12313649) |
| author2_role | author |
| author_facet | Luís M. Silva (20934196) Jacob C. Koella (12313649) |
| author_role | author |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Luís M. Silva (20934196) Jacob C. Koella (12313649) |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv | 2025-06-30T18:53:55Z |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.ppat.1013294.s013 |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv | https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/R_i_eadme_i_file_for_S6_Data_/29441063 |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | Microbiology Cell Biology Evolutionary Biology Ecology Cancer Infectious Diseases Virology Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified vavraia culicis </ using different measures often focus solely induced mortality rate anopheles gambiae </ six host generations higher host mortality simple life cycle div >< p entire transmission cycle simple parasite shape selected spores shortened host transmission stage late transmission increased longer time within shorter life cycle virulence </ p late host transmission life cycle time spent host density transmission cycles simplified view raise concerns findings emphasize evolve difficult evolutionary expectations earlier reproduction e ., complex interactions closely linked |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | R<i>eadme</i> file for S6 Data. |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | Dataset info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion dataset |
| description | <div><p>Evolutionary expectations about the virulence of parasites (i.e., the parasite-induced mortality rate of the host) often focus solely on the within-host transmission stage, overlooking the time spent between hosts and variations in transmission cycles. Moreover, the parasite growth rate within the host is closely linked to virulence. Here, we suggest that a simplified view of transmission and parasite evolution makes predicting how virulence will evolve difficult. We illustrate our ideas with a parasite with a simple life cycle, the microsporidian <i>Vavraia culicis</i>, which infects the mosquito <i>Anopheles gambiae</i>. We selected the parasite over six host generations for early or late host transmission, corresponding to shorter or longer time within the host. Selecting for late transmission increased their exploitation of the host, resulting in higher host mortality and a shorter life cycle with rapid infective spore production, comparatively to selection for early transmission. In response, hosts infected with late-selected spores shortened their life cycle and shifted to earlier reproduction. Using different host harm metrics, we demonstrate and discuss the pros and cons of using different measures of virulence. These and other findings emphasize the importance of considering the entire transmission cycle in studies of parasite evolution and raise concerns about how host density and social settings might influence virulence evolution.</p></div> |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| id | Manara_b47b76e4be67e503e6ccdc8e66e4618d |
| identifier_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.ppat.1013294.s013 |
| network_acronym_str | Manara |
| network_name_str | ManaraRepo |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:figshare.com:article/29441063 |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv | |
| repository_id_str | |
| rights_invalid_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 |
| spelling | R<i>eadme</i> file for S6 Data.Luís M. Silva (20934196)Jacob C. Koella (12313649)MicrobiologyCell BiologyEvolutionary BiologyEcologyCancerInfectious DiseasesVirologyEnvironmental Sciences not elsewhere classifiedBiological Sciences not elsewhere classifiedvavraia culicis </using different measuresoften focus solelyinduced mortality rateanopheles gambiae </six host generationshigher host mortalitysimple life cyclediv >< pentire transmission cyclesimple parasite shapeselected spores shortenedhost transmission stagelate transmission increasedlonger time withinshorter life cyclevirulence </ plate host transmissionlife cycletime spenthost densitytransmission cyclessimplified viewraise concernsfindings emphasizeevolve difficultevolutionary expectationsearlier reproductione .,complex interactionsclosely linked<div><p>Evolutionary expectations about the virulence of parasites (i.e., the parasite-induced mortality rate of the host) often focus solely on the within-host transmission stage, overlooking the time spent between hosts and variations in transmission cycles. Moreover, the parasite growth rate within the host is closely linked to virulence. Here, we suggest that a simplified view of transmission and parasite evolution makes predicting how virulence will evolve difficult. We illustrate our ideas with a parasite with a simple life cycle, the microsporidian <i>Vavraia culicis</i>, which infects the mosquito <i>Anopheles gambiae</i>. We selected the parasite over six host generations for early or late host transmission, corresponding to shorter or longer time within the host. Selecting for late transmission increased their exploitation of the host, resulting in higher host mortality and a shorter life cycle with rapid infective spore production, comparatively to selection for early transmission. In response, hosts infected with late-selected spores shortened their life cycle and shifted to earlier reproduction. Using different host harm metrics, we demonstrate and discuss the pros and cons of using different measures of virulence. These and other findings emphasize the importance of considering the entire transmission cycle in studies of parasite evolution and raise concerns about how host density and social settings might influence virulence evolution.</p></div>2025-06-30T18:53:55ZDatasetinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiondataset10.1371/journal.ppat.1013294.s013https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/R_i_eadme_i_file_for_S6_Data_/29441063CC BY 4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:figshare.com:article/294410632025-06-30T18:53:55Z |
| spellingShingle | R<i>eadme</i> file for S6 Data. Luís M. Silva (20934196) Microbiology Cell Biology Evolutionary Biology Ecology Cancer Infectious Diseases Virology Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified vavraia culicis </ using different measures often focus solely induced mortality rate anopheles gambiae </ six host generations higher host mortality simple life cycle div >< p entire transmission cycle simple parasite shape selected spores shortened host transmission stage late transmission increased longer time within shorter life cycle virulence </ p late host transmission life cycle time spent host density transmission cycles simplified view raise concerns findings emphasize evolve difficult evolutionary expectations earlier reproduction e ., complex interactions closely linked |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | R<i>eadme</i> file for S6 Data. |
| title_full | R<i>eadme</i> file for S6 Data. |
| title_fullStr | R<i>eadme</i> file for S6 Data. |
| title_full_unstemmed | R<i>eadme</i> file for S6 Data. |
| title_short | R<i>eadme</i> file for S6 Data. |
| title_sort | R<i>eadme</i> file for S6 Data. |
| topic | Microbiology Cell Biology Evolutionary Biology Ecology Cancer Infectious Diseases Virology Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified vavraia culicis </ using different measures often focus solely induced mortality rate anopheles gambiae </ six host generations higher host mortality simple life cycle div >< p entire transmission cycle simple parasite shape selected spores shortened host transmission stage late transmission increased longer time within shorter life cycle virulence </ p late host transmission life cycle time spent host density transmission cycles simplified view raise concerns findings emphasize evolve difficult evolutionary expectations earlier reproduction e ., complex interactions closely linked |