Protocell Survival Networks in Spatially Modulated Chemical Gradients
Coupling molecular-level chemical networks to macroscopic functions provides a step toward the implementation of rudimentary forms of agency in life-like objects and materials. Here, a negative feedback circuit within a networked binary protocell community is linked to higher-level spatial dynamic b...
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2025
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| _version_ | 1849927634718294016 |
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| author | Shuqi Wu (582226) |
| author2 | Iuliia Myrgorodska (9541258) Mei Li (217363) Pengfei Xu (301785) Stephen Mann (1700536) Liangfei Tian (2102173) |
| author2_role | author author author author author |
| author_facet | Shuqi Wu (582226) Iuliia Myrgorodska (9541258) Mei Li (217363) Pengfei Xu (301785) Stephen Mann (1700536) Liangfei Tian (2102173) |
| author_role | author |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Shuqi Wu (582226) Iuliia Myrgorodska (9541258) Mei Li (217363) Pengfei Xu (301785) Stephen Mann (1700536) Liangfei Tian (2102173) |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv | 2025-11-25T12:07:59Z |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | 10.1021/jacs.5c11734.s009 |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv | https://figshare.com/articles/media/Protocell_Survival_Networks_in_Spatially_Modulated_Chemical_Gradients/30705454 |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | CC BY-NC 4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | Ecology Immunology Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified Information Systems not elsewhere classified spatial symmetry breaking spatial dynamic behaviors protective cytomimetic systems level chemical networks intelligent spatiotemporal behaviors computer simulations based protocell survival networks macroscopic functions provides hydrogen peroxide gradient collective defense responses collective responses work presents strongly influenced step toward spatially modulate segregated arrangements rudimentary forms nonequilibrium conditions mediated activation local generation like objects general approach exhibit quasi encapsulated enzymes edge effects diffusion modeling diffusion gradient binary populations |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | Protocell Survival Networks in Spatially Modulated Chemical Gradients |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | Dataset Media info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion dataset |
| description | Coupling molecular-level chemical networks to macroscopic functions provides a step toward the implementation of rudimentary forms of agency in life-like objects and materials. Here, a negative feedback circuit within a networked binary protocell community is linked to higher-level spatial dynamic behaviors by exposing the consortium to a unidirectional reaction-diffusion gradient of an activator. The activator initiates artificial lysis and release of protocell-encapsulated enzymes, which spatiotemporally restrict membrane disassembly to generate distinct protocell survival boundaries within homogeneously distributed or segregated arrangements of the binary populations. We track the collective defense responses under nonequilibrium conditions and show that spatial symmetry breaking is related to the local generation of a hydrogen peroxide gradient and is strongly influenced by confinement and edge effects that spatially modulate the protocell survival networks formed within the hydrogels. In each case, the results are validated by computer simulations based on reaction-diffusion modeling. Overall, our work presents a general approach to implementing and decoding the spatial dynamic behaviors and collective responses of chemically networked protocell communities operating under nonequilibrium conditions and provides a pathway to self-protective cytomimetic systems that exhibit quasi-intelligent spatiotemporal behaviors in response to gradient-mediated activation. |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| id | Manara_e22efdfd039b069d7c2065dbc4704f68 |
| identifier_str_mv | 10.1021/jacs.5c11734.s009 |
| network_acronym_str | Manara |
| network_name_str | ManaraRepo |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:figshare.com:article/30705454 |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv | |
| repository_id_str | |
| rights_invalid_str_mv | CC BY-NC 4.0 |
| spelling | Protocell Survival Networks in Spatially Modulated Chemical GradientsShuqi Wu (582226)Iuliia Myrgorodska (9541258)Mei Li (217363)Pengfei Xu (301785)Stephen Mann (1700536)Liangfei Tian (2102173)EcologyImmunologyBiological Sciences not elsewhere classifiedChemical Sciences not elsewhere classifiedInformation Systems not elsewhere classifiedspatial symmetry breakingspatial dynamic behaviorsprotective cytomimetic systemslevel chemical networksintelligent spatiotemporal behaviorscomputer simulations basedprotocell survival networksmacroscopic functions provideshydrogen peroxide gradientcollective defense responsescollective responseswork presentsstrongly influencedstep towardspatially modulatesegregated arrangementsrudimentary formsnonequilibrium conditionsmediated activationlocal generationlike objectsgeneral approachexhibit quasiencapsulated enzymesedge effectsdiffusion modelingdiffusion gradientbinary populationsCoupling molecular-level chemical networks to macroscopic functions provides a step toward the implementation of rudimentary forms of agency in life-like objects and materials. Here, a negative feedback circuit within a networked binary protocell community is linked to higher-level spatial dynamic behaviors by exposing the consortium to a unidirectional reaction-diffusion gradient of an activator. The activator initiates artificial lysis and release of protocell-encapsulated enzymes, which spatiotemporally restrict membrane disassembly to generate distinct protocell survival boundaries within homogeneously distributed or segregated arrangements of the binary populations. We track the collective defense responses under nonequilibrium conditions and show that spatial symmetry breaking is related to the local generation of a hydrogen peroxide gradient and is strongly influenced by confinement and edge effects that spatially modulate the protocell survival networks formed within the hydrogels. In each case, the results are validated by computer simulations based on reaction-diffusion modeling. Overall, our work presents a general approach to implementing and decoding the spatial dynamic behaviors and collective responses of chemically networked protocell communities operating under nonequilibrium conditions and provides a pathway to self-protective cytomimetic systems that exhibit quasi-intelligent spatiotemporal behaviors in response to gradient-mediated activation.2025-11-25T12:07:59ZDatasetMediainfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiondataset10.1021/jacs.5c11734.s009https://figshare.com/articles/media/Protocell_Survival_Networks_in_Spatially_Modulated_Chemical_Gradients/30705454CC BY-NC 4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:figshare.com:article/307054542025-11-25T12:07:59Z |
| spellingShingle | Protocell Survival Networks in Spatially Modulated Chemical Gradients Shuqi Wu (582226) Ecology Immunology Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified Information Systems not elsewhere classified spatial symmetry breaking spatial dynamic behaviors protective cytomimetic systems level chemical networks intelligent spatiotemporal behaviors computer simulations based protocell survival networks macroscopic functions provides hydrogen peroxide gradient collective defense responses collective responses work presents strongly influenced step toward spatially modulate segregated arrangements rudimentary forms nonequilibrium conditions mediated activation local generation like objects general approach exhibit quasi encapsulated enzymes edge effects diffusion modeling diffusion gradient binary populations |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | Protocell Survival Networks in Spatially Modulated Chemical Gradients |
| title_full | Protocell Survival Networks in Spatially Modulated Chemical Gradients |
| title_fullStr | Protocell Survival Networks in Spatially Modulated Chemical Gradients |
| title_full_unstemmed | Protocell Survival Networks in Spatially Modulated Chemical Gradients |
| title_short | Protocell Survival Networks in Spatially Modulated Chemical Gradients |
| title_sort | Protocell Survival Networks in Spatially Modulated Chemical Gradients |
| topic | Ecology Immunology Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified Information Systems not elsewhere classified spatial symmetry breaking spatial dynamic behaviors protective cytomimetic systems level chemical networks intelligent spatiotemporal behaviors computer simulations based protocell survival networks macroscopic functions provides hydrogen peroxide gradient collective defense responses collective responses work presents strongly influenced step toward spatially modulate segregated arrangements rudimentary forms nonequilibrium conditions mediated activation local generation like objects general approach exhibit quasi encapsulated enzymes edge effects diffusion modeling diffusion gradient binary populations |