Breaking the Antifouling-Adhesion Trade-off in Zwitterionic Hydrogels via Electrostatic Hydration Modulation
Zwitterionic hydrogels are known for their outstanding antifouling properties, primarily attributed to a stable surface hydration layer formed through strong interactions with water molecules via ionic solvation. This hydration layer acts as a physical barrier that inhibits nonspecific adsorption of...
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2025
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