Polar plot of the antenna design.

<div><p>With bio-medical wearables becoming an essential part of Internet of Medical things (IoMT) for monitoring the health of workers, patients and others in different environments, antenna play a pivotal role in such wearables. In this communication, a novel Horse shoe shaped antenna...

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Main Author: Umhara Rasool Khan (20663205) (author)
Other Authors: Javaid A. Sheikh (10226756) (author), Aqib Junaid (20663208) (author), Shazia Ashraf (267763) (author), Altaf A. Balkhi (20663211) (author)
Published: 2025
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_version_ 1852023061179531264
author Umhara Rasool Khan (20663205)
author2 Javaid A. Sheikh (10226756)
Aqib Junaid (20663208)
Shazia Ashraf (267763)
Altaf A. Balkhi (20663211)
author2_role author
author
author
author
author_facet Umhara Rasool Khan (20663205)
Javaid A. Sheikh (10226756)
Aqib Junaid (20663208)
Shazia Ashraf (267763)
Altaf A. Balkhi (20663211)
author_role author
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Umhara Rasool Khan (20663205)
Javaid A. Sheikh (10226756)
Aqib Junaid (20663208)
Shazia Ashraf (267763)
Altaf A. Balkhi (20663211)
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025-02-03T18:40:47Z
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv 10.1371/journal.pone.0305203.g010
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Polar_plot_of_the_antenna_design_/28337544
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv CC BY 4.0
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Biophysics
Biotechnology
Evolutionary Biology
Ecology
Mental Health
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
specific absorption rate
conventional em tool
based machine learning
75 &# 8211
three em parameters
ml models help
based ml algorithms
hspa designed resonates
medical wearables becoming
medical things
electrical parameters
xlink ">
radiation efficiency
pivotal role
peak gain
input power
human body
generated using
essential part
efficient use
different environments
detailed comparison
data comprising
body applications
98 ghz
98 dbm
91 dbi
89 w
45 ghz
1080 samples
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Polar plot of the antenna design.
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv Image
Figure
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
image
description <div><p>With bio-medical wearables becoming an essential part of Internet of Medical things (IoMT) for monitoring the health of workers, patients and others in different environments, antenna play a pivotal role in such wearables. In this communication, a novel Horse shoe shaped antenna (HSPA) meant for such wearables is presented. The vitals of the workers, patients etc. are collected and sent to the IoMT platform for ensuring their safety and monitoring their physical wellbeing. In this article, regression-based Machine learning (ML) techniques are used to facilitate the design of Horse shoe shaped patch antenna to predict the frequency of operation, radiation efficiency and Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) values to accelerate its design process for on-body applications. The HSPA designed resonates at 2.45 GHz in the frequency band of 1.75–2.98 GHz with SAR of 1.89 W/kg for an input power of 16.98 dBm, peak gain of 1.91 dBi and radiation efficiency of 62.07% when mounted on the human body. 1080 samples of data comprising of three EM parameters have been generated using a conventional EM tool by varying the physical and electrical parameters of the design. A detailed comparison of the five regression-based ML algorithms is presented, and it is observed that the ML models help in efficient use of resources while designing an antenna for bio-medical applications.</p></div>
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
id Manara_fb29dd157e5cf4cdd68a45fbdbcd53d1
identifier_str_mv 10.1371/journal.pone.0305203.g010
network_acronym_str Manara
network_name_str ManaraRepo
oai_identifier_str oai:figshare.com:article/28337544
publishDate 2025
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository_id_str
rights_invalid_str_mv CC BY 4.0
spelling Polar plot of the antenna design.Umhara Rasool Khan (20663205)Javaid A. Sheikh (10226756)Aqib Junaid (20663208)Shazia Ashraf (267763)Altaf A. Balkhi (20663211)BiophysicsBiotechnologyEvolutionary BiologyEcologyMental HealthBiological Sciences not elsewhere classifiedChemical Sciences not elsewhere classifiedInformation Systems not elsewhere classifiedspecific absorption rateconventional em toolbased machine learning75 &# 8211three em parametersml models helpbased ml algorithmshspa designed resonatesmedical wearables becomingmedical thingselectrical parametersxlink ">radiation efficiencypivotal rolepeak gaininput powerhuman bodygenerated usingessential partefficient usedifferent environmentsdetailed comparisondata comprisingbody applications98 ghz98 dbm91 dbi89 w45 ghz1080 samples<div><p>With bio-medical wearables becoming an essential part of Internet of Medical things (IoMT) for monitoring the health of workers, patients and others in different environments, antenna play a pivotal role in such wearables. In this communication, a novel Horse shoe shaped antenna (HSPA) meant for such wearables is presented. The vitals of the workers, patients etc. are collected and sent to the IoMT platform for ensuring their safety and monitoring their physical wellbeing. In this article, regression-based Machine learning (ML) techniques are used to facilitate the design of Horse shoe shaped patch antenna to predict the frequency of operation, radiation efficiency and Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) values to accelerate its design process for on-body applications. The HSPA designed resonates at 2.45 GHz in the frequency band of 1.75–2.98 GHz with SAR of 1.89 W/kg for an input power of 16.98 dBm, peak gain of 1.91 dBi and radiation efficiency of 62.07% when mounted on the human body. 1080 samples of data comprising of three EM parameters have been generated using a conventional EM tool by varying the physical and electrical parameters of the design. A detailed comparison of the five regression-based ML algorithms is presented, and it is observed that the ML models help in efficient use of resources while designing an antenna for bio-medical applications.</p></div>2025-02-03T18:40:47ZImageFigureinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionimage10.1371/journal.pone.0305203.g010https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Polar_plot_of_the_antenna_design_/28337544CC BY 4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:figshare.com:article/283375442025-02-03T18:40:47Z
spellingShingle Polar plot of the antenna design.
Umhara Rasool Khan (20663205)
Biophysics
Biotechnology
Evolutionary Biology
Ecology
Mental Health
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
specific absorption rate
conventional em tool
based machine learning
75 &# 8211
three em parameters
ml models help
based ml algorithms
hspa designed resonates
medical wearables becoming
medical things
electrical parameters
xlink ">
radiation efficiency
pivotal role
peak gain
input power
human body
generated using
essential part
efficient use
different environments
detailed comparison
data comprising
body applications
98 ghz
98 dbm
91 dbi
89 w
45 ghz
1080 samples
status_str publishedVersion
title Polar plot of the antenna design.
title_full Polar plot of the antenna design.
title_fullStr Polar plot of the antenna design.
title_full_unstemmed Polar plot of the antenna design.
title_short Polar plot of the antenna design.
title_sort Polar plot of the antenna design.
topic Biophysics
Biotechnology
Evolutionary Biology
Ecology
Mental Health
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
specific absorption rate
conventional em tool
based machine learning
75 &# 8211
three em parameters
ml models help
based ml algorithms
hspa designed resonates
medical wearables becoming
medical things
electrical parameters
xlink ">
radiation efficiency
pivotal role
peak gain
input power
human body
generated using
essential part
efficient use
different environments
detailed comparison
data comprising
body applications
98 ghz
98 dbm
91 dbi
89 w
45 ghz
1080 samples