Ilmenite change stage.
<div><p>Titanium oxide is of fundamental strategic importance in the global market as it is used as a raw material by several industries, such as medical prostheses, paints, pigments, and, more recently, electronic chips. The main source of titanium oxide is ilmenite, a mineral deposited...
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| مؤلفون آخرون: | , , , |
| منشور في: |
2025
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إضافة وسم
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| _version_ | 1852022768581738496 |
|---|---|
| author | Gabriel Prates Hallal (19555976) |
| author2 | Carla Cristine Porcher (8354139) Bijeesh Kozhikkodan Veettil (19555982) Jean Marcel de Almeida Espinoza (19555979) Silvia Beatriz Alves Rolim (10481230) |
| author2_role | author author author author |
| author_facet | Gabriel Prates Hallal (19555976) Carla Cristine Porcher (8354139) Bijeesh Kozhikkodan Veettil (19555982) Jean Marcel de Almeida Espinoza (19555979) Silvia Beatriz Alves Rolim (10481230) |
| author_role | author |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Gabriel Prates Hallal (19555976) Carla Cristine Porcher (8354139) Bijeesh Kozhikkodan Veettil (19555982) Jean Marcel de Almeida Espinoza (19555979) Silvia Beatriz Alves Rolim (10481230) |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv | 2025-02-12T18:38:17Z |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0314238.t002 |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv | https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Ilmenite_change_stage_/28403387 |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | Biochemistry Microbiology Cell Biology Biotechnology Ecology Inorganic Chemistry Science Policy Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified transgressive dune field spectral angle mapper specific morphodynamic conditions scanning electron microscope primary alteration phase present study evaluated placer deposits along obtained emissivity spectrum many coastal areas linear spectral unmixing fundamental strategic importance emissivity spectral signatures central coastal plain ast_05 emissivity product 14 &# 956 qualitative microanalysis showed highest concentration occurring map minerals rich image classification algorithms quantitative microanalysis surface concentration lower concentration titanium oxide thermal infrared southern brazil several industries sem ), rio grande results indicated raw material mineral oxides mineral deposited middle coast medical prostheses main source low cost ir ). integrated techniques indicative features ilmenite concentration hyperspectral data global market geological targets electronic chips analyzing multispectral 6 %, |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | Ilmenite change stage. |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | Dataset info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion dataset |
| description | <div><p>Titanium oxide is of fundamental strategic importance in the global market as it is used as a raw material by several industries, such as medical prostheses, paints, pigments, and, more recently, electronic chips. The main source of titanium oxide is ilmenite, a mineral deposited in many coastal areas of the world, including the state of Rio Grande do Sul in Southern Brazil in its central coastal plain, under specific morphodynamic conditions. Some geological targets, such as mineral oxides, show distinct thermal spectral features. The present study evaluated the surface concentration of ilmenite in Southern Brazil using thermal spectroscopy (μFT-IR). The emissivity spectral signatures of pure ilmenite between 8 and 14 μm were determined and some indicative features were identified. The obtained emissivity spectrum has been employed as a reference for the Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) and Linear Spectral Unmixing (LSU) image classification algorithms. An image from the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission Radiometer (ASTER) sensor (AST_05 emissivity product) was used to recognize the occurrence and assess the richness of the ilmenite. The outcomes of the present study indicated pixels with ilmenite concentration between 0 and 29.6%, with the highest concentration occurring under the transgressive dune field. In contrast, a lower concentration is found in the backshore. To obtain the degree of purity of the ilmenite, a quantitative microanalysis of the samples was conducted in a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the results indicated that 80% of the minerals were ilmenite. Qualitative microanalysis showed that ilmenite is in the primary alteration phase, with a low degree of weathering and a lower concentration of impurities. Integrated techniques for analyzing multispectral and hyperspectral data in the thermal infrared were able to identify and map minerals rich in titanium oxide (ilmenite) quickly, effectively, at low cost, and non-destructively.</p></div> |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| id | Manara_fd5ea2c4b0e0b574ca7d1aabcb091d00 |
| identifier_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0314238.t002 |
| network_acronym_str | Manara |
| network_name_str | ManaraRepo |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:figshare.com:article/28403387 |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv | |
| repository_id_str | |
| rights_invalid_str_mv | CC BY 4.0 |
| spelling | Ilmenite change stage.Gabriel Prates Hallal (19555976)Carla Cristine Porcher (8354139)Bijeesh Kozhikkodan Veettil (19555982)Jean Marcel de Almeida Espinoza (19555979)Silvia Beatriz Alves Rolim (10481230)BiochemistryMicrobiologyCell BiologyBiotechnologyEcologyInorganic ChemistryScience PolicyEnvironmental Sciences not elsewhere classifiedBiological Sciences not elsewhere classifiedChemical Sciences not elsewhere classifiedtransgressive dune fieldspectral angle mapperspecific morphodynamic conditionsscanning electron microscopeprimary alteration phasepresent study evaluatedplacer deposits alongobtained emissivity spectrummany coastal areaslinear spectral unmixingfundamental strategic importanceemissivity spectral signaturescentral coastal plainast_05 emissivity product14 &# 956qualitative microanalysis showedhighest concentration occurringmap minerals richimage classification algorithmsquantitative microanalysissurface concentrationlower concentrationtitanium oxidethermal infraredsouthern brazilseveral industriessem ),rio granderesults indicatedraw materialmineral oxidesmineral depositedmiddle coastmedical prosthesesmain sourcelow costir ).integrated techniquesindicative featuresilmenite concentrationhyperspectral dataglobal marketgeological targetselectronic chipsanalyzing multispectral6 %,<div><p>Titanium oxide is of fundamental strategic importance in the global market as it is used as a raw material by several industries, such as medical prostheses, paints, pigments, and, more recently, electronic chips. The main source of titanium oxide is ilmenite, a mineral deposited in many coastal areas of the world, including the state of Rio Grande do Sul in Southern Brazil in its central coastal plain, under specific morphodynamic conditions. Some geological targets, such as mineral oxides, show distinct thermal spectral features. The present study evaluated the surface concentration of ilmenite in Southern Brazil using thermal spectroscopy (μFT-IR). The emissivity spectral signatures of pure ilmenite between 8 and 14 μm were determined and some indicative features were identified. The obtained emissivity spectrum has been employed as a reference for the Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) and Linear Spectral Unmixing (LSU) image classification algorithms. An image from the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission Radiometer (ASTER) sensor (AST_05 emissivity product) was used to recognize the occurrence and assess the richness of the ilmenite. The outcomes of the present study indicated pixels with ilmenite concentration between 0 and 29.6%, with the highest concentration occurring under the transgressive dune field. In contrast, a lower concentration is found in the backshore. To obtain the degree of purity of the ilmenite, a quantitative microanalysis of the samples was conducted in a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the results indicated that 80% of the minerals were ilmenite. Qualitative microanalysis showed that ilmenite is in the primary alteration phase, with a low degree of weathering and a lower concentration of impurities. Integrated techniques for analyzing multispectral and hyperspectral data in the thermal infrared were able to identify and map minerals rich in titanium oxide (ilmenite) quickly, effectively, at low cost, and non-destructively.</p></div>2025-02-12T18:38:17ZDatasetinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiondataset10.1371/journal.pone.0314238.t002https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Ilmenite_change_stage_/28403387CC BY 4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:figshare.com:article/284033872025-02-12T18:38:17Z |
| spellingShingle | Ilmenite change stage. Gabriel Prates Hallal (19555976) Biochemistry Microbiology Cell Biology Biotechnology Ecology Inorganic Chemistry Science Policy Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified transgressive dune field spectral angle mapper specific morphodynamic conditions scanning electron microscope primary alteration phase present study evaluated placer deposits along obtained emissivity spectrum many coastal areas linear spectral unmixing fundamental strategic importance emissivity spectral signatures central coastal plain ast_05 emissivity product 14 &# 956 qualitative microanalysis showed highest concentration occurring map minerals rich image classification algorithms quantitative microanalysis surface concentration lower concentration titanium oxide thermal infrared southern brazil several industries sem ), rio grande results indicated raw material mineral oxides mineral deposited middle coast medical prostheses main source low cost ir ). integrated techniques indicative features ilmenite concentration hyperspectral data global market geological targets electronic chips analyzing multispectral 6 %, |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | Ilmenite change stage. |
| title_full | Ilmenite change stage. |
| title_fullStr | Ilmenite change stage. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ilmenite change stage. |
| title_short | Ilmenite change stage. |
| title_sort | Ilmenite change stage. |
| topic | Biochemistry Microbiology Cell Biology Biotechnology Ecology Inorganic Chemistry Science Policy Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified transgressive dune field spectral angle mapper specific morphodynamic conditions scanning electron microscope primary alteration phase present study evaluated placer deposits along obtained emissivity spectrum many coastal areas linear spectral unmixing fundamental strategic importance emissivity spectral signatures central coastal plain ast_05 emissivity product 14 &# 956 qualitative microanalysis showed highest concentration occurring map minerals rich image classification algorithms quantitative microanalysis surface concentration lower concentration titanium oxide thermal infrared southern brazil several industries sem ), rio grande results indicated raw material mineral oxides mineral deposited middle coast medical prostheses main source low cost ir ). integrated techniques indicative features ilmenite concentration hyperspectral data global market geological targets electronic chips analyzing multispectral 6 %, |