Regression Analysis between the Different Breast Dose Quantities Reported in Digital Mammography and Patient Age, Breast Thickness, and Acquisition Parameters

Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. Screening mammography is considered the primary imaging modality for the early detection of breast cancer. The radiation dose from mammography increases the patients’ risk of radiation-induced cancer. The mean glandular dose (...

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محفوظ في:
التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
المؤلف الرئيسي: Dhou, Salam (author)
مؤلفون آخرون: Dalah, Entesar (author), AlGhafeer, Reda (author), Hamidu, Aisha (author), Obaideen, Abdulmunhem (author)
التنسيق: article
منشور في: 2022
الموضوعات:
الوصول للمادة أونلاين:https://hdl.handle.net/11073/32541
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author Dhou, Salam
author2 Dalah, Entesar
AlGhafeer, Reda
Hamidu, Aisha
Obaideen, Abdulmunhem
author2_role author
author
author
author
author_facet Dhou, Salam
Dalah, Entesar
AlGhafeer, Reda
Hamidu, Aisha
Obaideen, Abdulmunhem
author_role author
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Dhou, Salam
Dalah, Entesar
AlGhafeer, Reda
Hamidu, Aisha
Obaideen, Abdulmunhem
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2022-07-31
2025-12-08T11:09:52Z
2025-12-08T11:09:52Z
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv Dhou, S., Dalah, E., AlGhafeer, R., Hamidu, A., & Obaideen, A. (2022). Regression Analysis between the Different Breast Dose Quantities Reported in Digital Mammography and Patient Age, Breast Thickness, and Acquisition Parameters. Journal of Imaging, 8(8), 211. https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging8080211
2313-433X
https://hdl.handle.net/11073/32541
10.3390/jimaging8080211
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv en
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging8080211
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Radiation Dose
Full-Field Digital Mammography (Ffdm)
Mean Glandular Dose (Mgd)
Compressed Breast Thickness
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Regression Analysis between the Different Breast Dose Quantities Reported in Digital Mammography and Patient Age, Breast Thickness, and Acquisition Parameters
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv Peer-Reviewed
Published version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
description Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. Screening mammography is considered the primary imaging modality for the early detection of breast cancer. The radiation dose from mammography increases the patients’ risk of radiation-induced cancer. The mean glandular dose (MGD), or the average glandular dose (AGD), provides an estimate of the absorbed dose of radiation by the glandular tissues of a breast. In this paper, MGD is estimated for the craniocaudal (CC) and mediolateral–oblique (MLO) views using entrance skin dose (ESD), X-ray spectrum information, patient age, breast glandularity, and breast thickness. Moreover, a regression analysis is performed to evaluate the impact of mammography acquisition parameters, age, and breast thickness on the estimated MGD and other machine-produced dose quantities, namely, ESD and organ dose (OD). Furthermore, a correlation study is conducted to evaluate the correlation between the ESD and OD, and the estimated MGD per image view. This retrospective study was applied to a dataset of 2035 mammograms corresponding to a cohort of 486 subjects with an age range of 28–86 years who underwent screening mammography examinations. Linear regression metrics were calculated to evaluate the strength of the correlations. The mean (and range) MGD for the CC view was 0.832 (0.110–3.491) mGy and for the MLO view was 0.995 (0.256–2.949) mGy. All the mammography dose quantities strongly correlated with tube exposure (mAs): ESD (R2 = 0.938 for the CC view and R2 = 0.945 for the MLO view), OD (R2 = 0.969 for the CC view and R2 = 0.983 for the MLO view), and MGD (R2 = 0.980 for the CC view and R2 = 0.972 for the MLO view). Breast thickness showed a better correlation with all the mammography dose quantities than patient age, which showed a poor correlation. Moreover, a strong correlation was found between the calculated MGD and both the ESD (R2 = 0.929 for the CC view and R2 = 0.914 for the MLO view) and OD (R2 = 0.971 for the CC view and R2 = 0.972 for the MLO view). Furthermore, it was found that the MLO scan views yield a slightly higher dose compared to CC scan views. It was also found that the glandular absorbed dose is more dependent on glandularity than size. Despite being more reflective of the dose absorbed by the glandular tissue than OD and ESD, MGD is considered labor-intensive and time-consuming to estimate.
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identifier_str_mv Dhou, S., Dalah, E., AlGhafeer, R., Hamidu, A., & Obaideen, A. (2022). Regression Analysis between the Different Breast Dose Quantities Reported in Digital Mammography and Patient Age, Breast Thickness, and Acquisition Parameters. Journal of Imaging, 8(8), 211. https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging8080211
2313-433X
10.3390/jimaging8080211
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spelling Regression Analysis between the Different Breast Dose Quantities Reported in Digital Mammography and Patient Age, Breast Thickness, and Acquisition ParametersDhou, SalamDalah, EntesarAlGhafeer, RedaHamidu, AishaObaideen, AbdulmunhemRadiation DoseFull-Field Digital Mammography (Ffdm)Mean Glandular Dose (Mgd)Compressed Breast ThicknessBreast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. Screening mammography is considered the primary imaging modality for the early detection of breast cancer. The radiation dose from mammography increases the patients’ risk of radiation-induced cancer. The mean glandular dose (MGD), or the average glandular dose (AGD), provides an estimate of the absorbed dose of radiation by the glandular tissues of a breast. In this paper, MGD is estimated for the craniocaudal (CC) and mediolateral–oblique (MLO) views using entrance skin dose (ESD), X-ray spectrum information, patient age, breast glandularity, and breast thickness. Moreover, a regression analysis is performed to evaluate the impact of mammography acquisition parameters, age, and breast thickness on the estimated MGD and other machine-produced dose quantities, namely, ESD and organ dose (OD). Furthermore, a correlation study is conducted to evaluate the correlation between the ESD and OD, and the estimated MGD per image view. This retrospective study was applied to a dataset of 2035 mammograms corresponding to a cohort of 486 subjects with an age range of 28–86 years who underwent screening mammography examinations. Linear regression metrics were calculated to evaluate the strength of the correlations. The mean (and range) MGD for the CC view was 0.832 (0.110–3.491) mGy and for the MLO view was 0.995 (0.256–2.949) mGy. All the mammography dose quantities strongly correlated with tube exposure (mAs): ESD (R2 = 0.938 for the CC view and R2 = 0.945 for the MLO view), OD (R2 = 0.969 for the CC view and R2 = 0.983 for the MLO view), and MGD (R2 = 0.980 for the CC view and R2 = 0.972 for the MLO view). Breast thickness showed a better correlation with all the mammography dose quantities than patient age, which showed a poor correlation. Moreover, a strong correlation was found between the calculated MGD and both the ESD (R2 = 0.929 for the CC view and R2 = 0.914 for the MLO view) and OD (R2 = 0.971 for the CC view and R2 = 0.972 for the MLO view). Furthermore, it was found that the MLO scan views yield a slightly higher dose compared to CC scan views. It was also found that the glandular absorbed dose is more dependent on glandularity than size. Despite being more reflective of the dose absorbed by the glandular tissue than OD and ESD, MGD is considered labor-intensive and time-consuming to estimate.American University of SharjahMDPI2025-12-08T11:09:52Z2025-12-08T11:09:52Z2022-07-31Peer-ReviewedPublished versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfDhou, S., Dalah, E., AlGhafeer, R., Hamidu, A., & Obaideen, A. (2022). Regression Analysis between the Different Breast Dose Quantities Reported in Digital Mammography and Patient Age, Breast Thickness, and Acquisition Parameters. Journal of Imaging, 8(8), 211. https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging80802112313-433Xhttps://hdl.handle.net/11073/3254110.3390/jimaging8080211enhttps://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging8080211Attribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/oai:repository.aus.edu:11073/325412025-12-08T11:48:47Z
spellingShingle Regression Analysis between the Different Breast Dose Quantities Reported in Digital Mammography and Patient Age, Breast Thickness, and Acquisition Parameters
Dhou, Salam
Radiation Dose
Full-Field Digital Mammography (Ffdm)
Mean Glandular Dose (Mgd)
Compressed Breast Thickness
status_str publishedVersion
title Regression Analysis between the Different Breast Dose Quantities Reported in Digital Mammography and Patient Age, Breast Thickness, and Acquisition Parameters
title_full Regression Analysis between the Different Breast Dose Quantities Reported in Digital Mammography and Patient Age, Breast Thickness, and Acquisition Parameters
title_fullStr Regression Analysis between the Different Breast Dose Quantities Reported in Digital Mammography and Patient Age, Breast Thickness, and Acquisition Parameters
title_full_unstemmed Regression Analysis between the Different Breast Dose Quantities Reported in Digital Mammography and Patient Age, Breast Thickness, and Acquisition Parameters
title_short Regression Analysis between the Different Breast Dose Quantities Reported in Digital Mammography and Patient Age, Breast Thickness, and Acquisition Parameters
title_sort Regression Analysis between the Different Breast Dose Quantities Reported in Digital Mammography and Patient Age, Breast Thickness, and Acquisition Parameters
topic Radiation Dose
Full-Field Digital Mammography (Ffdm)
Mean Glandular Dose (Mgd)
Compressed Breast Thickness
url https://hdl.handle.net/11073/32541