Force Majeure vs. Hardship: A Comparative Analysis of Their Application in Construction Contracts in the UAE and the UK
The nature of construction contracts in the UK and the UAE makes the legal principles of force majeure and hardship vital in risk management and achieving a contractual balance in unforeseen circumstances. This dissertation explores how force majeure and hardship affect the legitimacy of contracts u...
محفوظ في:
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| منشور في: |
2025
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| الموضوعات: | |
| الوصول للمادة أونلاين: | https://bspace.buid.ac.ae/handle/1234/3239 |
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إضافة وسم
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| _version_ | 1862980617604431872 |
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| author | ABUOBAIDA, MOHAMED FAWZI AHMED |
| author_facet | ABUOBAIDA, MOHAMED FAWZI AHMED |
| author_role | author |
| dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv | Dr Lienen Christina |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | ABUOBAIDA, MOHAMED FAWZI AHMED |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv | 2025-08-11T10:12:48Z 2025-06 |
| dc.format.none.fl_str_mv | application/pdf |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | 23000370 https://bspace.buid.ac.ae/handle/1234/3239 |
| dc.language.none.fl_str_mv | en |
| dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv | The British University in Dubai (BUiD) |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | force majeure hardship construction contracts UAE law UK law contractual risk legal interpretation frustration doctrine FIDIC cross-border projects dispute resolution contract enforcement |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | Force Majeure vs. Hardship: A Comparative Analysis of Their Application in Construction Contracts in the UAE and the UK |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | Dissertation |
| description | The nature of construction contracts in the UK and the UAE makes the legal principles of force majeure and hardship vital in risk management and achieving a contractual balance in unforeseen circumstances. This dissertation explores how force majeure and hardship affect the legitimacy of contracts under both national and international law. The purpose of this work is to examine the effect of force majeure and hardship rules in the UAE and the UK, in order to better inform the design and meaning of clauses in construction contracts. The basic aim of the research is to analyse the impact of these terms on construction projects in the context of specific situations, such as natural disasters, pandemics, armed conflicts, regulatory changes, and economic disruptions, and to enhance the development of better force majeure and hardship clauses for lawyers, construction companies, and governmental agents for domestic and international contracts. The comparative legal methodology systematically compares various legal systems and how they deal with the same legal concepts, in this case, the force majeure and hardship within construction contracts. Findings suggest that the UAE uses codified laws to cover force majeure and hardship, depending on a judge’s choice, but the UK looks only to written terms in contracts and focuses narrowly on frustration, without recognising hardship at all. Such variations impact the probability of international contracts and the resolution of disputes. To protect the interest of the parties and make such complicated cross-border construction projects enforceable, clear, jurisdiction-specific drafting is required. |
| id | budr_ed21de94972ccbbcbb44d88058095023 |
| identifier_str_mv | 23000370 |
| language_invalid_str_mv | en |
| network_acronym_str | budr |
| network_name_str | The British University in Dubai repository |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:bspace.buid.ac.ae:1234/3239 |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publisher.none.fl_str_mv | The British University in Dubai (BUiD) |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | |
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| repository_id_str | |
| spelling | Force Majeure vs. Hardship: A Comparative Analysis of Their Application in Construction Contracts in the UAE and the UKABUOBAIDA, MOHAMED FAWZI AHMEDforce majeurehardshipconstruction contractsUAE lawUK lawcontractual risklegal interpretationfrustration doctrineFIDICcross-border projectsdispute resolutioncontract enforcementThe nature of construction contracts in the UK and the UAE makes the legal principles of force majeure and hardship vital in risk management and achieving a contractual balance in unforeseen circumstances. This dissertation explores how force majeure and hardship affect the legitimacy of contracts under both national and international law. The purpose of this work is to examine the effect of force majeure and hardship rules in the UAE and the UK, in order to better inform the design and meaning of clauses in construction contracts. The basic aim of the research is to analyse the impact of these terms on construction projects in the context of specific situations, such as natural disasters, pandemics, armed conflicts, regulatory changes, and economic disruptions, and to enhance the development of better force majeure and hardship clauses for lawyers, construction companies, and governmental agents for domestic and international contracts. The comparative legal methodology systematically compares various legal systems and how they deal with the same legal concepts, in this case, the force majeure and hardship within construction contracts. Findings suggest that the UAE uses codified laws to cover force majeure and hardship, depending on a judge’s choice, but the UK looks only to written terms in contracts and focuses narrowly on frustration, without recognising hardship at all. Such variations impact the probability of international contracts and the resolution of disputes. To protect the interest of the parties and make such complicated cross-border construction projects enforceable, clear, jurisdiction-specific drafting is required.The British University in Dubai (BUiD)Dr Lienen Christina2025-08-11T10:12:48Z2025-06Dissertationapplication/pdf23000370https://bspace.buid.ac.ae/handle/1234/3239enoai:bspace.buid.ac.ae:1234/32392025-08-11T10:13:11Z |
| spellingShingle | Force Majeure vs. Hardship: A Comparative Analysis of Their Application in Construction Contracts in the UAE and the UK ABUOBAIDA, MOHAMED FAWZI AHMED force majeure hardship construction contracts UAE law UK law contractual risk legal interpretation frustration doctrine FIDIC cross-border projects dispute resolution contract enforcement |
| title | Force Majeure vs. Hardship: A Comparative Analysis of Their Application in Construction Contracts in the UAE and the UK |
| title_full | Force Majeure vs. Hardship: A Comparative Analysis of Their Application in Construction Contracts in the UAE and the UK |
| title_fullStr | Force Majeure vs. Hardship: A Comparative Analysis of Their Application in Construction Contracts in the UAE and the UK |
| title_full_unstemmed | Force Majeure vs. Hardship: A Comparative Analysis of Their Application in Construction Contracts in the UAE and the UK |
| title_short | Force Majeure vs. Hardship: A Comparative Analysis of Their Application in Construction Contracts in the UAE and the UK |
| title_sort | Force Majeure vs. Hardship: A Comparative Analysis of Their Application in Construction Contracts in the UAE and the UK |
| topic | force majeure hardship construction contracts UAE law UK law contractual risk legal interpretation frustration doctrine FIDIC cross-border projects dispute resolution contract enforcement |
| url | https://bspace.buid.ac.ae/handle/1234/3239 |