Brain microstructural changes support cognitive deficits in HIV uninfected children born to HIV infected mothers
IntroductionAntiretroviral therapy (ART) is considered the most effective way to prevent perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, there is little knowledge about the effect of ART on the brain of HIV uninfected children born to HIV infected mothers (HUC). The current st...
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| التنسيق: | article |
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2020
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| الوصول للمادة أونلاين: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbih.2020.100039 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666354620300041 http://hdl.handle.net/10576/16108 |
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| _version_ | 1857415083652546560 |
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| author | Yadav, Santosh K. |
| author2 | Gupta, Rakesh K. Hashem, Sheema Nisar, Sabah Azeem, Taha Bhat, Ajaz A. Syed, Najeeb Garg, Ravindra K. Venkatesh, Vimala Kamal, Madeeha Fakhro, Khalid Frenneaux, Michael P. Haris, Mohammad |
| author2_role | author author author author author author author author author author author author |
| author_facet | Yadav, Santosh K. Gupta, Rakesh K. Hashem, Sheema Nisar, Sabah Azeem, Taha Bhat, Ajaz A. Syed, Najeeb Garg, Ravindra K. Venkatesh, Vimala Kamal, Madeeha Fakhro, Khalid Frenneaux, Michael P. Haris, Mohammad |
| author_role | author |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Yadav, Santosh K. Gupta, Rakesh K. Hashem, Sheema Nisar, Sabah Azeem, Taha Bhat, Ajaz A. Syed, Najeeb Garg, Ravindra K. Venkatesh, Vimala Kamal, Madeeha Fakhro, Khalid Frenneaux, Michael P. Haris, Mohammad |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv | 2020-09-14T10:06:41Z 2020-02-29 |
| dc.format.none.fl_str_mv | application/pdf |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbih.2020.100039 Yadav, S. K., Gupta, R. K., Hashem, S., Nisar, S., Azeem, T., Bhat, A. A., ... & Fakhro, K. (2020). Brain microstructural changes support cognitive deficits in HIV uninfected children born to HIV infected mothers. Brain, Behavior, & Immunity-Health, 2, 100039. 2666-3546 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666354620300041 http://hdl.handle.net/10576/16108 2 |
| dc.language.none.fl_str_mv | en |
| dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv | Elsevier |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | Antiretroviral therapies Human immunodeficiency virus Diffusion tensor imaging Neuropsychological test Brain |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | Brain microstructural changes support cognitive deficits in HIV uninfected children born to HIV infected mothers |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | Article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| description | IntroductionAntiretroviral therapy (ART) is considered the most effective way to prevent perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, there is little knowledge about the effect of ART on the brain of HIV uninfected children born to HIV infected mothers (HUC). The current study evaluated the brain’s microstructural integrity, and cognitive function in HUC compared to healthy children born to normal mothers (CHNM) and HIV infected children born to HIV infected mothers (HIC) to investigate the effect of in-utero exposure of ART on cerebral gray and white matter. Materials and methodsForty nine HIC, 12 HUC and 18 CHNM underwent neuropsychological (NP) assessment and a brain MRI. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data was used to generate fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) maps. Voxel wise comparison for FA and MD was performed between three groups using an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) including age and sex as covariates, and correction for multiple comparisons (false discovery rate (FDR), p < 0.05 with minimum extended cluster size, 150 voxels). NP test scores were also compared between three groups using ANOVA with Post Hoc Bonferroni multiple comparison corrections (p < 0.05). Significantly changed FA and MD values in different brain regions in HIC and HUC compared to CHNM were used for correlation analysis with NP test scores using Pearson’s correlation. ResultsHIC and HUC groups showed significantly decreased NP test scores in various domain compared to CHNM. Significantly lower NP test scores was observed in HIC than those of HUC. HIC showed decreased FA and increased MD in multiple brain sites as compared to both CHNM and HUC. Decreased FA along with both increased and decreased MD in different brain regions was present in HUC compared to CHNM. Both positive and negative correlation of altered FA and MD values from different brain regions in HIC and HUC with NP test scores was observed. ConclusionThe presence of brain tissue changes and neurocognitive function deficit in absence of HIV infection in HUC indicates that ART may have a detrimental impact on the developing brain. The findings of the current study underscore the need for screening of ART exposed children for neurodevelopment and cognitive abnormalities at an early stage and call for access to early interventions, and nutritional and care programs. |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| format | article |
| id | qu_67c673fce0c2ec04744520d7f2ee0f8b |
| identifier_str_mv | Yadav, S. K., Gupta, R. K., Hashem, S., Nisar, S., Azeem, T., Bhat, A. A., ... & Fakhro, K. (2020). Brain microstructural changes support cognitive deficits in HIV uninfected children born to HIV infected mothers. Brain, Behavior, & Immunity-Health, 2, 100039. 2666-3546 2 |
| language_invalid_str_mv | en |
| network_acronym_str | qu |
| network_name_str | Qatar University repository |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:qspace.qu.edu.qa:10576/16108 |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher.none.fl_str_mv | Elsevier |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv | |
| repository_id_str | |
| rights_invalid_str_mv | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
| spelling | Brain microstructural changes support cognitive deficits in HIV uninfected children born to HIV infected mothersYadav, Santosh K.Gupta, Rakesh K.Hashem, SheemaNisar, SabahAzeem, TahaBhat, Ajaz A.Syed, NajeebGarg, Ravindra K.Venkatesh, VimalaKamal, MadeehaFakhro, KhalidFrenneaux, Michael P.Haris, MohammadAntiretroviral therapiesHuman immunodeficiency virusDiffusion tensor imagingNeuropsychological testBrainIntroductionAntiretroviral therapy (ART) is considered the most effective way to prevent perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, there is little knowledge about the effect of ART on the brain of HIV uninfected children born to HIV infected mothers (HUC). The current study evaluated the brain’s microstructural integrity, and cognitive function in HUC compared to healthy children born to normal mothers (CHNM) and HIV infected children born to HIV infected mothers (HIC) to investigate the effect of in-utero exposure of ART on cerebral gray and white matter. Materials and methodsForty nine HIC, 12 HUC and 18 CHNM underwent neuropsychological (NP) assessment and a brain MRI. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data was used to generate fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) maps. Voxel wise comparison for FA and MD was performed between three groups using an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) including age and sex as covariates, and correction for multiple comparisons (false discovery rate (FDR), p < 0.05 with minimum extended cluster size, 150 voxels). NP test scores were also compared between three groups using ANOVA with Post Hoc Bonferroni multiple comparison corrections (p < 0.05). Significantly changed FA and MD values in different brain regions in HIC and HUC compared to CHNM were used for correlation analysis with NP test scores using Pearson’s correlation. ResultsHIC and HUC groups showed significantly decreased NP test scores in various domain compared to CHNM. Significantly lower NP test scores was observed in HIC than those of HUC. HIC showed decreased FA and increased MD in multiple brain sites as compared to both CHNM and HUC. Decreased FA along with both increased and decreased MD in different brain regions was present in HUC compared to CHNM. Both positive and negative correlation of altered FA and MD values from different brain regions in HIC and HUC with NP test scores was observed. ConclusionThe presence of brain tissue changes and neurocognitive function deficit in absence of HIV infection in HUC indicates that ART may have a detrimental impact on the developing brain. The findings of the current study underscore the need for screening of ART exposed children for neurodevelopment and cognitive abnormalities at an early stage and call for access to early interventions, and nutritional and care programs.This study was funded by Department of Science and Technology (SR/CSI/02/2 0 10, G), New Delhi, India. Sidra Medicine provided data processing platform. This work was supported by funding from Sidra Medicine to Mohammad Haris (50610110002), Santosh Kumar Yadav (5011043002) and Ajaz A. Bhat (5011041002).Elsevier2020-09-14T10:06:41Z2020-02-29Articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbih.2020.100039Yadav, S. K., Gupta, R. K., Hashem, S., Nisar, S., Azeem, T., Bhat, A. A., ... & Fakhro, K. (2020). Brain microstructural changes support cognitive deficits in HIV uninfected children born to HIV infected mothers. Brain, Behavior, & Immunity-Health, 2, 100039.2666-3546https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666354620300041http://hdl.handle.net/10576/161082enhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:qspace.qu.edu.qa:10576/161082025-06-11T19:08:33Z |
| spellingShingle | Brain microstructural changes support cognitive deficits in HIV uninfected children born to HIV infected mothers Yadav, Santosh K. Antiretroviral therapies Human immunodeficiency virus Diffusion tensor imaging Neuropsychological test Brain |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | Brain microstructural changes support cognitive deficits in HIV uninfected children born to HIV infected mothers |
| title_full | Brain microstructural changes support cognitive deficits in HIV uninfected children born to HIV infected mothers |
| title_fullStr | Brain microstructural changes support cognitive deficits in HIV uninfected children born to HIV infected mothers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Brain microstructural changes support cognitive deficits in HIV uninfected children born to HIV infected mothers |
| title_short | Brain microstructural changes support cognitive deficits in HIV uninfected children born to HIV infected mothers |
| title_sort | Brain microstructural changes support cognitive deficits in HIV uninfected children born to HIV infected mothers |
| topic | Antiretroviral therapies Human immunodeficiency virus Diffusion tensor imaging Neuropsychological test Brain |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbih.2020.100039 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666354620300041 http://hdl.handle.net/10576/16108 |