Polymer chain dynamics in epoxy based composites as investigated by broadband dielectric spectroscopy
Epoxy networks of the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) were prepared using 3,3′- and 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl sulfone isomer crosslinkers. Secondary relaxations and the glass transitions of resultant networks were probed using broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS). A sub-Tgγ relaxation peak for...
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2016
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| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2015.07.016 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535215002385 http://hdl.handle.net/10576/4768 |
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| _version_ | 1857415084334120960 |
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| author | Hassan, Mohammad K. |
| author2 | Tucker, Samuel J. Abukmail, Ahmed Wiggins, Jeffrey S. Mauritz, Kenneth A. |
| author2_role | author author author author |
| author_facet | Hassan, Mohammad K. Tucker, Samuel J. Abukmail, Ahmed Wiggins, Jeffrey S. Mauritz, Kenneth A. |
| author_role | author |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Hassan, Mohammad K. Tucker, Samuel J. Abukmail, Ahmed Wiggins, Jeffrey S. Mauritz, Kenneth A. |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv | 2016-09-25T11:15:07Z 2016-03 |
| dc.format.none.fl_str_mv | application/pdf |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2015.07.016 Mohammad K. Hassan, Samuel J. Tucker, Ahmed Abukmail, Jeffrey S. Wiggins, Kenneth A. Mauritz, Polymer chain dynamics in epoxy based composites as investigated by broadband dielectric spectroscopy, Arabian Journal of Chemistry, Volume 9, Issue 2, March 2016, Pages 305-315. 18785352 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535215002385 http://hdl.handle.net/10576/4768 305-315 2 9 |
| dc.language.none.fl_str_mv | en |
| dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv | Elsevier B.V. |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | Dielectric spectroscopy Epoxy networks of the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A 3,3′ and 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl sulfone isomers Chain motions Vogel temperature Kramers–Krönig transformation |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | Polymer chain dynamics in epoxy based composites as investigated by broadband dielectric spectroscopy |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | Article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| description | Epoxy networks of the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) were prepared using 3,3′- and 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl sulfone isomer crosslinkers. Secondary relaxations and the glass transitions of resultant networks were probed using broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS). A sub-Tgγ relaxation peak for both networks shifts to higher frequencies (f) with increasing temperature in Arrhenius fashion, both processes having the same activation energy and being assigned to phenyl ring flipping in DGEBA chains. A β relaxation is assigned to local motions of dipoles that were created during crosslinking reactions. 4,4′-based networks exhibited higher Tg relative to 3,3′-based networks as per dynamic mechanical as well as BDS analyses. The Vogel–Fulcher–Tammann–Hesse equation fitted well to relaxation time vs. temperature data and comparison of Vogel temperatures suggests lower free volume per mass for the 3,3′-based network. The Kramers–Krönig transformation was used to directly calculate dc-free ɛ″ vs. f data from experimental ɛ′ vs. f data. Distribution of relaxation times (DRT) curves are bi-modal for the 3,3′-crosslinked resin suggesting large-scale microstructural heterogeneity as opposed to homogeneity for the 4,4′-based network whose DRT consists of a single peak. |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| format | article |
| id | qu_af340a4ef216ff8b603a3328c70a03a3 |
| identifier_str_mv | Mohammad K. Hassan, Samuel J. Tucker, Ahmed Abukmail, Jeffrey S. Wiggins, Kenneth A. Mauritz, Polymer chain dynamics in epoxy based composites as investigated by broadband dielectric spectroscopy, Arabian Journal of Chemistry, Volume 9, Issue 2, March 2016, Pages 305-315. 18785352 305-315 2 9 |
| language_invalid_str_mv | en |
| network_acronym_str | qu |
| network_name_str | Qatar University repository |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:qspace.qu.edu.qa:10576/4768 |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publisher.none.fl_str_mv | Elsevier B.V. |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv | |
| repository_id_str | |
| rights_invalid_str_mv | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
| spelling | Polymer chain dynamics in epoxy based composites as investigated by broadband dielectric spectroscopyHassan, Mohammad K.Tucker, Samuel J.Abukmail, AhmedWiggins, Jeffrey S.Mauritz, Kenneth A.Dielectric spectroscopyEpoxy networks of the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A3,3′ and 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl sulfone isomersChain motionsVogel temperatureKramers–Krönig transformationEpoxy networks of the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) were prepared using 3,3′- and 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl sulfone isomer crosslinkers. Secondary relaxations and the glass transitions of resultant networks were probed using broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS). A sub-Tgγ relaxation peak for both networks shifts to higher frequencies (f) with increasing temperature in Arrhenius fashion, both processes having the same activation energy and being assigned to phenyl ring flipping in DGEBA chains. A β relaxation is assigned to local motions of dipoles that were created during crosslinking reactions. 4,4′-based networks exhibited higher Tg relative to 3,3′-based networks as per dynamic mechanical as well as BDS analyses. The Vogel–Fulcher–Tammann–Hesse equation fitted well to relaxation time vs. temperature data and comparison of Vogel temperatures suggests lower free volume per mass for the 3,3′-based network. The Kramers–Krönig transformation was used to directly calculate dc-free ɛ″ vs. f data from experimental ɛ′ vs. f data. Distribution of relaxation times (DRT) curves are bi-modal for the 3,3′-crosslinked resin suggesting large-scale microstructural heterogeneity as opposed to homogeneity for the 4,4′-based network whose DRT consists of a single peak.U.S. Office of Naval Research, Award N00014-07-1-1057 and fellowship support from the Department of Education Graduate Assistance in Areas of National Need Award P200A090066. Qatar University's Center for Advanced Materials' Start-Up grant.Elsevier B.V.2016-09-25T11:15:07Z2016-03Articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2015.07.016Mohammad K. Hassan, Samuel J. Tucker, Ahmed Abukmail, Jeffrey S. Wiggins, Kenneth A. Mauritz, Polymer chain dynamics in epoxy based composites as investigated by broadband dielectric spectroscopy, Arabian Journal of Chemistry, Volume 9, Issue 2, March 2016, Pages 305-315.18785352http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535215002385http://hdl.handle.net/10576/4768305-31529enhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:qspace.qu.edu.qa:10576/47682024-07-23T15:51:22Z |
| spellingShingle | Polymer chain dynamics in epoxy based composites as investigated by broadband dielectric spectroscopy Hassan, Mohammad K. Dielectric spectroscopy Epoxy networks of the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A 3,3′ and 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl sulfone isomers Chain motions Vogel temperature Kramers–Krönig transformation |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | Polymer chain dynamics in epoxy based composites as investigated by broadband dielectric spectroscopy |
| title_full | Polymer chain dynamics in epoxy based composites as investigated by broadband dielectric spectroscopy |
| title_fullStr | Polymer chain dynamics in epoxy based composites as investigated by broadband dielectric spectroscopy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Polymer chain dynamics in epoxy based composites as investigated by broadband dielectric spectroscopy |
| title_short | Polymer chain dynamics in epoxy based composites as investigated by broadband dielectric spectroscopy |
| title_sort | Polymer chain dynamics in epoxy based composites as investigated by broadband dielectric spectroscopy |
| topic | Dielectric spectroscopy Epoxy networks of the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A 3,3′ and 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl sulfone isomers Chain motions Vogel temperature Kramers–Krönig transformation |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2015.07.016 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535215002385 http://hdl.handle.net/10576/4768 |