A comparison between iron and mild steel electrodes for the treatment of highly loaded grey water using an electrocoagulation technique

In the last years, the electrocoagulation (EC) process has been widely used as a potential technique for grey water treatment. However, only a few studies have focused on treating highly loaded GW (HLGW) by EC. In this study, the EC technique was used to compare iron and mild steel electrodes for th...

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Main Author: Khalid, Bani-Melhem (author)
Other Authors: Rasool Al-Kilani, Muhammad (author)
Format: article
Published: 2023
Subjects:
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.105199
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535223006615
http://hdl.handle.net/10576/54896
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author Khalid, Bani-Melhem
author2 Rasool Al-Kilani, Muhammad
author2_role author
author_facet Khalid, Bani-Melhem
Rasool Al-Kilani, Muhammad
author_role author
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Khalid, Bani-Melhem
Rasool Al-Kilani, Muhammad
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2023-08-14
2024-05-13T08:19:49Z
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.105199
Bani-Melhem, K., & Al-Kilani, M. R. (2023). A comparison between iron and mild steel electrodes for the treatment of highly loaded grey water using an electrocoagulation technique. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 16(10), 105199.
1878-5352
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535223006615
http://hdl.handle.net/10576/54896
10
16
1878-5379
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv en
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Grey water
Electrocoagulation
Greywater treatment
Mild steel
Iron electrodes
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv A comparison between iron and mild steel electrodes for the treatment of highly loaded grey water using an electrocoagulation technique
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv Article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
description In the last years, the electrocoagulation (EC) process has been widely used as a potential technique for grey water treatment. However, only a few studies have focused on treating highly loaded GW (HLGW) by EC. In this study, the EC technique was used to compare iron and mild steel electrodes for the treatment of HLGW under different current densities (CDs) (5, 10, 15, and 20 mA/cm2) during 10 min of EC time. The performance criteria included chemical oxygen demand (COD) and turbidity removal efficiencies, current efficiency, energy consumption, and operational costs. It was found that EC using iron or mild steel can be effective electrodes for removing high levels of COD and turbidity from HLGW. At optimum conditions, the study demonstrated that at a CD of 5 mA/cm2, mild steel-based electrodes reduced COD by 86.5% while iron-based electrodes achieved 85.3% reduction at 10 mA/cm2. In conjunction with these removals, the turbidity removals were 92% and 94% achieved by steel and iron electrodes, respectively. The current efficiency of all the conducted experiments exceeded 90% but was generally higher for iron electrodes. At optimum conditions, analysis of operating costs in terms of energy consumptions and electrode materials requirements were 0.054 $/m3 and 0.097 $/m3 achieved by steel and iron electrodes, respectively. Thus, mild steel-based electrodes are considered superior to iron electrodes. Based on the obtained results, the study recommends that further investigations should give attention to the effect of metal alloy type or physical properties of electrodes as performance criteria and designing aspects when studying EC technology for HLGW treatment due to its notable effect on removal efficiency and operational costs.
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
format article
id qu_af59e1a7ed24991f4e7c8c68d70df536
identifier_str_mv Bani-Melhem, K., & Al-Kilani, M. R. (2023). A comparison between iron and mild steel electrodes for the treatment of highly loaded grey water using an electrocoagulation technique. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 16(10), 105199.
1878-5352
10
16
1878-5379
language_invalid_str_mv en
network_acronym_str qu
network_name_str Qatar University repository
oai_identifier_str oai:qspace.qu.edu.qa:10576/54896
publishDate 2023
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository_id_str
rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
spelling A comparison between iron and mild steel electrodes for the treatment of highly loaded grey water using an electrocoagulation techniqueKhalid, Bani-MelhemRasool Al-Kilani, MuhammadGrey waterElectrocoagulationGreywater treatmentMild steelIron electrodesIn the last years, the electrocoagulation (EC) process has been widely used as a potential technique for grey water treatment. However, only a few studies have focused on treating highly loaded GW (HLGW) by EC. In this study, the EC technique was used to compare iron and mild steel electrodes for the treatment of HLGW under different current densities (CDs) (5, 10, 15, and 20 mA/cm2) during 10 min of EC time. The performance criteria included chemical oxygen demand (COD) and turbidity removal efficiencies, current efficiency, energy consumption, and operational costs. It was found that EC using iron or mild steel can be effective electrodes for removing high levels of COD and turbidity from HLGW. At optimum conditions, the study demonstrated that at a CD of 5 mA/cm2, mild steel-based electrodes reduced COD by 86.5% while iron-based electrodes achieved 85.3% reduction at 10 mA/cm2. In conjunction with these removals, the turbidity removals were 92% and 94% achieved by steel and iron electrodes, respectively. The current efficiency of all the conducted experiments exceeded 90% but was generally higher for iron electrodes. At optimum conditions, analysis of operating costs in terms of energy consumptions and electrode materials requirements were 0.054 $/m3 and 0.097 $/m3 achieved by steel and iron electrodes, respectively. Thus, mild steel-based electrodes are considered superior to iron electrodes. Based on the obtained results, the study recommends that further investigations should give attention to the effect of metal alloy type or physical properties of electrodes as performance criteria and designing aspects when studying EC technology for HLGW treatment due to its notable effect on removal efficiency and operational costs.This work was supported by the Jordanian Scientific Research and Innovation Support Fund (SRSF) under grant number WE/1/19/2015.Elsevier2024-05-13T08:19:49Z2023-08-14Articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.105199Bani-Melhem, K., & Al-Kilani, M. R. (2023). A comparison between iron and mild steel electrodes for the treatment of highly loaded grey water using an electrocoagulation technique. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 16(10), 105199.1878-5352https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535223006615http://hdl.handle.net/10576/5489610161878-5379enhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:qspace.qu.edu.qa:10576/548962024-07-23T15:53:40Z
spellingShingle A comparison between iron and mild steel electrodes for the treatment of highly loaded grey water using an electrocoagulation technique
Khalid, Bani-Melhem
Grey water
Electrocoagulation
Greywater treatment
Mild steel
Iron electrodes
status_str publishedVersion
title A comparison between iron and mild steel electrodes for the treatment of highly loaded grey water using an electrocoagulation technique
title_full A comparison between iron and mild steel electrodes for the treatment of highly loaded grey water using an electrocoagulation technique
title_fullStr A comparison between iron and mild steel electrodes for the treatment of highly loaded grey water using an electrocoagulation technique
title_full_unstemmed A comparison between iron and mild steel electrodes for the treatment of highly loaded grey water using an electrocoagulation technique
title_short A comparison between iron and mild steel electrodes for the treatment of highly loaded grey water using an electrocoagulation technique
title_sort A comparison between iron and mild steel electrodes for the treatment of highly loaded grey water using an electrocoagulation technique
topic Grey water
Electrocoagulation
Greywater treatment
Mild steel
Iron electrodes
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.105199
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535223006615
http://hdl.handle.net/10576/54896