Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults by Nowell H, Phelps

“…In almost all countries for both adults and school-aged children and adolescents, the increases in double burden were driven by increases in obesity, and decreases in double burden by declining underweight or thinness. …”
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Spatial, temporal, and demographic patterns in prevalence of chewing tobacco use in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Diseas... by Parkes J Kendrick (9714851)

“…Among females, none of these 12 countries had significant decreases in prevalence of chewing tobacco use, whereas seven of 12 countries had a significant decrease in the prevalence of tobacco smoking use for the period. …”

Global incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 371 diseases and injuries in 204 co... by Alize J, Ferrari

“…Non-communicable diseases contributed 1·73 billion (95% UI 1·54–1·94) DALYs in 2021, with a decrease in age-standardised DALY rates since 2010 of 6·4% (95% UI 3·5–9·5). …”
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Age–sex differences in the global burden of lower respiratory infections and risk factors, 1990–2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 by Hmwe Hmwe Kyu (8674014)

“…During the same period, LRI episodes and deaths in children younger than 15 years were estimated to have decreased, and the greatest decline was observed for LRI deaths in males younger than 5 years (–70·7% [–77·2 to –61·8]). …”

Prevalence and attributable health burden of chronic respiratory diseases, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 by Joan B Soriano (6458528)

“…However, when accounting for ageing and population growth, declines were observed in age-standardised prevalence (14·3% decrease), age-standardised death rates (42·6%), and age-standardised DALY rates (38·2%). …”

Global fertility in 204 countries and territories, 1950–2021, with forecasts to 2100: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 by Natalia V, Bhattacharjee

“…The proportion of livebirths occurring in sub-Saharan Africa was forecast to increase to more than half of the world's livebirths in 2100, to 41·3% (39·6–43·1) in 2050 and 54·3% (47·1–59·5) in 2100. The share of livebirths was projected to decline between 2021 and 2100 in most of the six other super-regions—decreasing, for example, in south Asia from 24·8% (23·7–25·8) in 2021 to 16·7% (14·3–19·1) in 2050 and 7·1% (4·4–10·1) in 2100—but was forecast to increase modestly in the north Africa and Middle East and high-income super-regions. …”
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Global pattern, trend, and cross-country inequality of early musculoskeletal disorders from 1990 to 2019, with projection from 2020 to 2050 by Yingzhao, Jin

“…The disease burden of gout, LBP, and OA attributable to high BMI and gout attributable to kidney dysfunction increased, while the contribution of smoking to LBP and RA and occupational ergonomic factors to LBP decreased. Between 1990 and 2019, the slope index of inequality increased for six MSK disorders, and the relative concentration index increased for gout, NP, OA, and OMSKDs but decreased for LBP and RA. …”
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The burden of unintentional drowning: global, regional and national estimates of mortality from the Global Burden of Disease 2017 Study by Richard Charles Franklin (9154052)

“…Global age-standardised mortality rates decreased 57.4%, from 9.3 (8.5 to 10.0) in 1990 to 4.0 (3.8 to 4.1) per 100 000 per annum in 2017. …”

Performance and analysis of kappa-carrageenan hydrogel for PFOA-contaminated soil remediation wastewater treatment by Alsaka, Lilyan

“…Due to pore size shrinkage, the AC-kC and V-kC hydrogels achieved the highest PFOA rejection at pH 4, whereas the water flux decreased. …”
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Screening the growth inhibition mechanism of sulfate reducing bacteria by chitosan/lignosulfonate nanocomposite (CS@LS) in seawater media by Kashif Rasool (2542492)

“…Similarly, the specific organic uptake rate (SOUR) decreased from 0.082 to 0.039 0.036 g-TOC/g-VSS*day giving a relative co-substrate oxidation inhibition of 52.19% as compared to that of control. …”

Nanospace-engineered carbons for reversible storage of natural gas and hydrogen by Romanos, J.

“…Excess adsorption dominated by KOH:C ratio. 2.Volumetric storage capacity decreases with increasing activation temperature. 3. 2.5K activated at 700 oC has record volumetric storage capacity of 132 g CH4/liter carbon at 35 bar and 22 oC (200 V/V, 110% of DOE target of 118 g/liter). …”
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Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 by Valery L Feigin (5320574)

“…During the same period, age-standardised rates of stroke incidence decreased by 17·0% (15·0–18·0), mortality decreased by 36·0% (31·0–42·0), prevalence decreased by 6·0% (5·0–7·0), and DALYs decreased by 36·0% (31·0–42·0). …”

Functionalization of reverse osmosis membrane with graphene oxide to reduce both membrane scaling and biofouling by Mohammad Y. Ashfaq (14152290)

“…After functionalization, the membrane surface properties were improved as the water contact angle was reduced from 41.7 ± 4.5⁰ to 26.9 ± 0.9⁰ demonstrating improvement in hydrophilic properties besides decreasing membrane surface roughness. …”

Characteristics of aerosols and planetary boundary layer dynamics during biomass burning season by Muhammad Zeeshaan Shahid (18131689)

“…Economic growth, urbanization and industrial development also controbuted to high pollutants levels that leads to decline in air quality and visibility. These elevated pollution levels over NEP (69–75.5°E, 27.4–34°N) are influenced by both meteorological conditions and anthropogenic activities. …”

Finding novel targets for the treatment and reversal of type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity by Imran Ramzan (15430807)

“…Individually, both valine (245 ± 33 to 105 ± 23 µmol/L; p < 0.0001), and leucine (130 ± 20 to 75 ± 13 µmol/L; p < 0.05), decreased significantly in response to the BCAA-restricted diet. …”

Trends in prescribing and outcomes in obese versus non-obese patients receiving rivaroxaban therapy: an observational study using real-world data by Majdoleen Alalawneh (13961580)

“…Within BMI categories, a similar increasing trend was observed in underweight, normal, and overweight patients, while from 2018 to 2020, there was a decreasing trend in rivaroxaban prescribing in all obese classes. …”

Characterization of Non-hormone Expressing Endocrine Cells in Fetal and Infant Human Pancreas by Abu Saleh Md Moin (6189512)

“…</p><p dir="ltr"><br></p><h3>Results: </h3><p dir="ltr">CPHN cell frequency decreased 84% (islets) and 42% (clusters) from fetal to infant life. …”

Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of coats disease in a Saudi Arabian population by Al-Qahtani, Abdullah

“…Results: The most common presenting complaint was decreased visual acuity followed by strabismus and then leukocoria. …”
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Effect of Flexural NSM-FRP Bars on the Shear Strength of Reinforced Concrete Beams by Saleh, Rayyan Bashar

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Examining time-to-transport decisions in Emergency Medical Services by Hassan Farhat (9000509)

“…</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p dir="ltr">The study elucidates and clarifies key factors affecting time-to-transport in EMS, underscoring a decline in transport success rates as time on scene lengthens. …”