Completion times for different algorithms. حسب Jianbin Zheng (587000)

"…Action masking is used to filter out invalid states and actions, while a shared reward mechanism is adopted to balance cooperation efficiency among agents. Additionally, value function normalization and adaptive learning rate strategies are applied to accelerate convergence. …"

The average cumulative reward of algorithms. حسب Jianbin Zheng (587000)

"…Action masking is used to filter out invalid states and actions, while a shared reward mechanism is adopted to balance cooperation efficiency among agents. Additionally, value function normalization and adaptive learning rate strategies are applied to accelerate convergence. …"

Simulation settings of rMAPPO algorithm. حسب Jianbin Zheng (587000)

"…Action masking is used to filter out invalid states and actions, while a shared reward mechanism is adopted to balance cooperation efficiency among agents. Additionally, value function normalization and adaptive learning rate strategies are applied to accelerate convergence. …"

Power consumption for SHA256 software algorithm. حسب Maytham S. Jabor (15853046)

"…A specific (dedicated) circuit is designed to implement the compression technique, generate the blockchain hash values and data encryption. The compression algorithm is based on chaotic theory. …"

Membership function. حسب Tuan Anh Nguyen (121944)

Raw task performance on both experiments, with respect to conditions. حسب Anis Najar (9745561)

Search for Correlations Between the Results of the Density Functional Theory and Hartree–Fock Calculations Using Neural Networks and Classical Machine Learning Algorithms حسب Saadiallakh Normatov (20682324)

Search for Correlations Between the Results of the Density Functional Theory and Hartree–Fock Calculations Using Neural Networks and Classical Machine Learning Algorithms حسب Saadiallakh Normatov (20682324)

Filled contour plot based on histograms of the occurence-frequency of binned values of and as a function of . حسب Paul Kinsler (3975620)

Candidate networks attribute values. حسب Nada Ahmed Ezz-Eldien (17396553)

"…Lastly, the desired aims are formulated as an objective function, then the PSOGSA algorithm is used to reach the optimal values of both LF and SP, which will be considered when executing the handover algorithm. …"

RI value according to the number of attributes. حسب Nada Ahmed Ezz-Eldien (17396553)

"…Lastly, the desired aims are formulated as an objective function, then the PSOGSA algorithm is used to reach the optimal values of both LF and SP, which will be considered when executing the handover algorithm. …"

Attribute values at a single moment. حسب Nada Ahmed Ezz-Eldien (17396553)

"…Lastly, the desired aims are formulated as an objective function, then the PSOGSA algorithm is used to reach the optimal values of both LF and SP, which will be considered when executing the handover algorithm. …"

Filled contour plot based on histograms of the occurence-frequency of binned values of and as a function of rate ratio . حسب Paul Kinsler (3975620)

Fitness function curve at weight factor 0.3. حسب Dhulfiqar Hakeem Dhayef (17729684)

"…GA is employed to identify machine cells and part families based on Grouping Efficiency (GE) as a fitness function. …"

General idea of alternative structures of aptamers binding the same ligand and its specific implementation scheme for the BioRS function. حسب Alexander V. Spirov (11302085)

Evolution of the rescaled hydraulic diameter () and complexity () in both simulations and seal tomograms as a function of simulation timestep and relative age (). حسب Jonathan E Kings (20818367)

DE genes detected by different DEA algorithms. حسب Jie Xue (417504)

"…Here, we compare 6 performance metrics on both simulated and real scRNA-seq datasets to assess the adaptability of 8 DEA approaches, with a particular emphasis on how well they function under small biological replications. …"

Attack and defense behaviors with the sensory–motor algorithm between multiple predators and prey. حسب Hiroyuki Ichijo (13891153)

Improved SHA256 algorithm operation diagram. حسب Su Li (294188)

Venn diagrams showing overlap of the total of overrepresented/underrepresented kinases for both cohorts. حسب Erica A. K. DePasquale (11851483)