Changing life expectancy in European countries 1990–2021: a subanalysis of causes and risk factors from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 by Nicholas, Steel

“…BackgroundDecades of steady improvements in life expectancy in Europe slowed down from around 2011, well before the COVID-19 pandemic, for reasons which remain disputed. We aimed to assess how changes in risk factors and cause-specific death rates in different European countries related to changes in life expectancy in those countries before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. …”
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Geomorphological changes in the coastal area of Farasan Al-Kabir Island (Saudi Arabia) since mid Holocene based on a multi-proxy approach by Pavlopoulos, Kosmas

“…The mid Holocene evolution of the borehole area is resulted from the detailed analysis of five sedimentary units detected along the core Matar-1, and includes three distinct stages: (a) from 5253 ± 223 y cal BP to 3138 ± 223 y cal BP, carbonate coarse-grained material consisting of coral fragments, molluscs, calcareous algae and benthic foraminifera are deposited on a shallow marine fringing reefal platform, which becomes progressively a nearshore backreef (around 3675 ± 215 y cal BP), and later (around 3138 ± 223 y cal BP) a reef ramp; (b) since 3040 ± 220 y cal BP the borehole area obtains the characteristics of a high-energy beach that receives increasing inputs of terrigenous material; (c) subsequently, a supratidal backshore setting is established influenced mostly by terrestrial processes and occasionally by marine processes, as it is indicated by the decreasing and sometimes sporadic presence of benthic foraminifera, and recently, a sedimentary veneer consisting of terrigenous, carbonate and evaporite material is formed by terrestrial, mainly wadi and aeolian, processes. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA…”
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A Methodology for daylight optimisation of high-rise buildings in the dense urban district using overhang length and glazing type variables with surrogate modelling by Ekici B.

“…Integrating daylight performance in building design supports reducing the energy consumption and satisfying occupants' comfort. This study presents a methodology to optimise the daylight performance of a high-rise building located in a dense urban district. …”
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Global, regional, and national burden of upper respiratory infections and otitis media, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 by Sirota, Sarah Brooke

“…The mortality rate of URIs in 2021 was 0·2 per 100 000 (0·1 to 0·5), a decrease of 64·2% (–84·6 to –43·4) from 1990, when the mortality rate was 0·7 per 100 000 (0·2 to 1·1). …”
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Anticoagulant activity of cellulose nanocrystals from isora plant fibers assembled on cellulose and sio2 substrates via a layer-by-layer approach by Mohan T.

“…In this study, we report the isolation of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) from Isora plant fibers by sulfuric acid hydrolysis and their assembly on hydrophilic cellulose and silicon-di-oxide (SiO2) surfaces via a layer-by-layer (LBL) deposition method. …”
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Global fertility in 204 countries and territories, 1950–2021, with forecasts to 2100: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 by Natalia V, Bhattacharjee

“…Uncertainty from past data inputs and model estimation was propagated throughout analyses by taking 1000 draws for past and present fertility estimates and 500 draws for future forecasts from the estimated distribution for each metric, with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) given as the 2·5 and 97·5 percentiles of the draws. To evaluate the forecasting performance of our model and others, we computed skill values—a metric assessing gain in forecasting accuracy—by comparing predicted versus observed ASFRs from the past 15 years (2007–21). …”
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Global fertility in 204 countries and territories, 1950–2021, with forecasts to 2100: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 by Natalia V, Bhattacharjee

“…Uncertainty from past data inputs and model estimation was propagated throughout analyses by taking 1000 draws for past and present fertility estimates and 500 draws for future forecasts from the estimated distribution for each metric, with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) given as the 2·5 and 97·5 percentiles of the draws. To evaluate the forecasting performance of our model and others, we computed skill values—a metric assessing gain in forecasting accuracy—by comparing predicted versus observed ASFRs from the past 15 years (2007–21). …”
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Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults by Nowell H, Phelps

“…From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of thinness and obesity decreased among girls in five countries (3%) and among boys in 15 countries (8%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80, and increased among girls in 140 countries (70%) and boys in 137 countries (69%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. …”
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Microstructure, wear and corrosion characteristics of Cu matrix reinforced SiC–graphite hybrid composites by Jamwal A.

“…Copper matrix composites with SiC-graphite reinforcement (0, 2.5,5, 7.5 and 10 wt.%) were prepared by stir casting process. …”
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High flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) in the treatment of COVID-19 infection of adult patients from – An emergency perspective: A systematic review and meta-analysis by Nabil, Shallik

“…HFNO was associated with a significant decrease in mortality and intubation rates (0.28 (95% CI; 0.19, 0.39) and 0.28 (95% CI; 0.18, 0.41), respectively). …”
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High flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) in the treatment of COVID-19 infection of adult patients from – An emergency perspective: A systematic review and meta-analysis by Nabil, Shallik

“…HFNO was associated with a significant decrease in mortality and intubation rates (0.28 (95% CI; 0.19, 0.39) and 0.28 (95% CI; 0.18, 0.41), respectively). …”
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Optimal dilation time for combined small endoscopic sphincterotomy and balloon dilation for common bile duct stones: a multicentre, single-blinded, randomised controlled trial by Meng W.

“…Eligible patients (≥18 years) with native papilla and common bile duct stones (≤1·5 cm in size and <2 cm in diameter) undergoing ERCP were randomly assigned (1:1:1:1:1) to receive balloon dilation for 0, 30, 60, 180, or 300 s after deep bile duct cannulation. …”
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Navigating Cyclone Threats: A Forecast Approach Using Water Streams’ Physical Characteristics as an Indicator to Predict High Risk Potential Areas in the Sultanate of Oman by Al-Awadhi, Talal

“…It was illustrated that the disturbance level differed within the study site, as the highest disturbance occurred in zone C where vegetation coverage decreased by 27% and urban areas by 5%. This zone had dam but still showed the highest amount of water flooding, illustrating that the dam couldn’t prevent the flood due to the differences in the physical characteristics of the streams between the different zones. …”
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Impact of aluminium acetate particles size on the gelation kinetics of polyacrylamide-based gels: Rheological and molecular simulation study by Hamza A.

“…The addition of bentonite at low crosslinker concentrations (0.5–1 wt.%) did not decrease the gel strength of 7 wt.% PAM/1 wt.% AlAc significantly. …”
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Characteristics of olive mill solid residue and its application in remediation of Pb2+, Cu2+ and Ni2+ from aqueous solution: Mechanistic study by Hawari, A.

“…However, over the pH range of 3.0–5.0, pH-related effects were not significant. …”
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Growth performance, intestinal histomorphology, gut microflora and ghrelin gene expression analysis of broiler by supplementing natural growth promoters: A nutrigenomics approach by Gilani, S.M.H.

“…In an epoch of escalating number of antibiotic-resistance bacteria, there is a dire need to develop efficient and novel feeding strategies for animal nutrition as alternatives to antibiotics. …”
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The role of type II FB (I):Tl+ defect in laser light generation and color image formation at the low coordination surface sites of AgBr: Ab initio calculations by Shalabi, A.S.

“…The calculated Stokes shifted optical transition bands suggest that laser activity is relatively weak and fades quickly as the coordination number of the surface ions decreases from 5 (flat) to 4 (edge) to 3 (corner). …”
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Antagonistic Effects of Trichoderma harzianum Isolates against Ceratocystis radicicola: pioneering a Biocontrol Strategy against Black Scorch Disease in Date Palm Trees by Al-Naemi, Fatima A.

“…The aim of this study was to develop a method of biological control through the isolation, identification and examination of the effectiveness of bioagents in controlling black scorch disease. …”
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Ramadan intermittent fasting induced poorer training practices during the COVID-19 lockdown: A global cross-sectional study with 5529 athletes from 110 countries by Washif, Jad

“…Decreases (≥ 5%, p < 0.05) affected more athletes aged 30–39 years than those 18–29 years (60 vs 55%); more national than international athletes (59 vs 51%); more team sports than precision sports (59 vs 46%); more North American than European athletes (62 vs 53%); more semi-professional than professional athletes (60 vs 54%); more athletes who rated their beliefs/attitudes ‘good’ compared to ‘poor’ and ‘moderate’ (61 vs 54 and 53%, respectively); and more athletes with ‘moderate’ than ‘poor’ knowledge (58 vs 53%). …”
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Influence of fuel ratio on the performance of combustion synthesized bifunctional cobalt oxide catalysts for fuel cell application by Ashok A.

“…The kinetic current density for Co (φ = 0.5) is 6.45 mA cm−2 and decreases with increase in fuel ratio. …”
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