Parrotfish Teeth: Stiff Biominerals Whose Microstructure Makes Them Tough and Abrasion-Resistant To Bite Stony Corals by Matthew A. Marcus (115744)

“…To investigate how their teeth endure the associated contact stresses, we examine the chemical composition, nano- and microscale structure, and the mechanical properties of the steephead parrotfish <i>Chlorurus microrhinos</i> tooth. Its enameloid is a fluorapatite (Ca₅(PO₄)₃F) biomineral with outstanding mechanical characteristics: the mean elastic modulus is 124 GPa, and the mean hardness near the biting surface is 7.3 GPa, making this one of the stiffest and hardest biominerals measured; the mean indentation yield strength is above 6 GPa, and the mean fracture toughness is ∼2.5 MPa·m^1/2, relatively high for a highly mineralized material. …”

Parrotfish Teeth: Stiff Biominerals Whose Microstructure Makes Them Tough and Abrasion-Resistant To Bite Stony Corals by Matthew A. Marcus (115744)

“…To investigate how their teeth endure the associated contact stresses, we examine the chemical composition, nano- and microscale structure, and the mechanical properties of the steephead parrotfish <i>Chlorurus microrhinos</i> tooth. Its enameloid is a fluorapatite (Ca₅(PO₄)₃F) biomineral with outstanding mechanical characteristics: the mean elastic modulus is 124 GPa, and the mean hardness near the biting surface is 7.3 GPa, making this one of the stiffest and hardest biominerals measured; the mean indentation yield strength is above 6 GPa, and the mean fracture toughness is ∼2.5 MPa·m^1/2, relatively high for a highly mineralized material. …”

Parrotfish Teeth: Stiff Biominerals Whose Microstructure Makes Them Tough and Abrasion-Resistant To Bite Stony Corals by Matthew A. Marcus (115744)

“…To investigate how their teeth endure the associated contact stresses, we examine the chemical composition, nano- and microscale structure, and the mechanical properties of the steephead parrotfish <i>Chlorurus microrhinos</i> tooth. Its enameloid is a fluorapatite (Ca₅(PO₄)₃F) biomineral with outstanding mechanical characteristics: the mean elastic modulus is 124 GPa, and the mean hardness near the biting surface is 7.3 GPa, making this one of the stiffest and hardest biominerals measured; the mean indentation yield strength is above 6 GPa, and the mean fracture toughness is ∼2.5 MPa·m^1/2, relatively high for a highly mineralized material. …”

Large prairie patches. by Megan P. Vhay (18707751)

Illustration of decline in network accuracy associated with large window sizes, using simulated data. by Sam Tilsen (406665)

“…(d) Scalogram showing accuracy decrease at large analysis scales.</p>…”

Invasion of <i>P. falciparum</i> strain 3D7 decreases as untreated RBCs are replaced with enzyme treated RBCs. by Martha A. Clark (322102)

Comparison of error rates for each type of nucleotide change for spike-in standard or genome recalibration with (a) SOLiD 4 data with standards spiked-in in a large dynamic concent... by Justin M. Zook (146772)

Scatterplot of increased TSB level with increased Narrowband ratio (A) and decreased Broadband ratio (B). by Lian Zhang (1235682)

Immunohistochemical analysis of p-Akt expression in various experimental groups showing negative expression in control group, marked increased expression along the extended fibrous... by Rehab F. Abdel-Rahman (11886404)

Temperature gradient in control group (mean and standard deviation) showing a significant decrease along the arm. by Timothy J. Coats (350655)

“…<p>Temperature gradient in control group (mean and standard deviation) showing a significant decrease along the arm.…”

Top 10 important features with mean decrease in Gini index (A) and distribution of minimal depth (B). by Hyun Kyung Lim (9547300)

“…<p>A higher mean decrease in Gini index indicates higher features importance. …”

Effect of supplementation of oocyte maturation medium (OMM) with follicular fluid (FF) from small or large follicles on development of embryos to the blastocyst stage. by Verónica M. Negrón-Pérez (20691412)

Ranked unadjusted absolute change in mean monthly TB diagnoses per clinic in the trial months compared to corresponding months in the pretrial calendar year. by Neil A. Martinson (8587299)

Oral UOX decreased SUA (A), BUN (B) and Cr (C) (mean ± SD, n = 10). by Yu Yun (4710340)

Heat map of the genes with significant linear trend from group1 to group4, increasing (a) and decreasing expression (b). by Hye-Jin Shin (508261)

“…<p>Heat map of the genes with significant linear trend from group1 to group4, increasing (a) and decreasing expression (b).…”

Forest plot of included studies for the pooled WMD estimate of MPV between ITP and HT groups using a random effect model. by Muluken Walle (13794209)

The hybrid incompatibility proteins HMR and LHR interact in a defined HMR/LHR complex. by Andrea Lukacs (3752956)

() Linear decrease in the logarithm of observed cleavage rate constants (, per minute) with increasing hydrostatic pressure by Sylvia Tobé (8024)

“…All rights reserved</p> Logarithms of the for each reaction are plotted as a function of the applied pressure. () Linear decrease in the logarithms of the theoretical equilibrium constants with increasing hydrostatic pressures. was calculated as the ratio of cleaved and uncleaved fractions at equilibrium. …”

The effect of burial depth on <i>A</i>. <i>hispidus</i> emergence. by Michael C. Beall (18764654)

Change over time in season length calculated as total hunt days for greater sage-grouse, 1995–2018. by Jonathan B. Dinkins (11478180)