When there are no group events, mutations cause community extinction, but group-level events prevent this fate, as exemplified by the three archetypal modes of fragmentation. by Gil J. B. Henriques (11426697)

“…<b>A</b>: Example replicate with no group events (i.e., no group fission and extinction), showing fast initial rise in the number of mutants and the consequential decrease in the total cell number, resulting in extinction. …”

7-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccination in England and Wales: Is It Still Beneficial Despite High Levels of Serotype Replacement? by Yoon Hong Choi (52781)

“…</p> <h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our model suggests that PCV7 vaccination could result in a decrease in overall invasive pneumococcal disease, particularly in children, even in an environment of rapid replacement with non-PCV7 serotypes within 5 years of vaccine introduction at high coverage.…”

Loss of PLZF Expression in Prostate Cancer by Immunohistochemistry Correlates with Tumor Aggressiveness and Metastasis by Guang-Qian Xiao (711983)

“…This study aimed to investigate the expression of PLZF by immunohistochemistry in different grade as well as metastatic PCa and to correlate the alteration of PLZF expression with PCa aggressiveness. We studied a total of 83 primary PCa from biopsies, 43 metastatic PCa and 8 paired primary and metastatic PCa from radical prostatectomies with lymph node dissection. …”

The ROP2-RIC4 pathway inhibits PIN1 endocytosis through the promotion of the accumulation of cortical actin filaments. by Shingo Nagawa (173932)

“…Compared to WT cells, formation of vesicles (arrowheads) and decrease of PM signal were accelerated in <i>ric4-1</i> cells as in <i>rop4 R2i</i> cells (<a href="http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001299#pbio-1001299-g001" target="_blank">Figure 1D</a>). …”

Investigating the expression of several bone markers in mineralizing 4T1 cells using real-time RT-PCR. by Rachel F. Cox (148193)

“…<p>(A) Alizarin red S and von Kossa staining of 4T1 cells after 28 days as viewed under a light microscope at 100× magnification (n = 3). …”

PGRN knockdown results in reduced motor axon outgrowth. by Angela S. Laird (360986)

“…<p>A) Knockdown of <i>grna</i>, by morpholino targeted to both the start codon (ATG) and 5′UTR region of zebrafish PGRN sequence, produced a dose dependent decrease in axonal length compared to mismatch Control MO injected embryos.…”

Data_Sheet_1_The combined impact of redcedar encroachment and climate change on water resources in the Nebraska Sand Hills.docx by Yaser Kishawi (12959564)

“…For the period 2051-2099, the projected P and ET_a are expected to decrease by 8 and 32% while R and D are expected to increase by 140.2 and 40%. …”

Statistical comparisons for the joint entropy measurements obtained from individual subjectspresented in Tables 1–3. by Vladímir de Aquino Silveira (513285)

“…In all frequencies there was a trend for joint entropy to decrease when contrast was increased, but this reached the level of statistical significance only for the comparison between 5% and 100% contrasts (p<0.05; One-Way ANOVA, Tukey Multiple Comparison Test). …”

High mutation rates limit evolutionary adaptation in <i>Escherichia coli</i> by Kathleen Sprouffske (82909)

“…Here, we study how up to 100-fold increases in <i>Escherichia coli’s</i> genomic mutation rate affect adaptive evolution. …”

Influence of the environment on microsphere movement. by Valery Shalatonin (12666750)

“…A slow decrease of microsphere motion began within approximately 20–25 seconds, and by the end of the video (100 seconds later) their motion became very slow.…”

Chronic high frequency deep brain stimulation of the nucleus accumbens drives time dependent changes in functional connectivity in the rodent limbic system by Samuel Ewing (100763)

“…Stimulation was delivered bilaterally with 100 μs duration constant current pulses at a frequency of 130 Hz delivered at an amplitude of 100 μA using a custom-made stimulation device. …”

Stromal cells enhance HOS-CSC migration via IL-6 and the expression of adhesion molecules. by Margherita Cortini (3350189)

“…<p><b>(A)</b> We assessed whether treatment with Tocilizumab affected HOS-CSC migration. …”

Table_1_Isolation, identification, and pathogenicity analysis of newly emerging gosling astrovirus in South China.xlsx by Jingyu Xu (5497625)

“…The results of the alignment analysis showed that nucleotide sequence similarities among the five GoAstV isolates were around 97.4–98.8%, 98.6–100%, 98.1–99.8%, and 96.7–100% for the whole genome, ORF1a, ORF1b, and ORF2, respectively. …”

Table_2_Isolation, identification, and pathogenicity analysis of newly emerging gosling astrovirus in South China.DOCX by Jingyu Xu (5497625)

“…The results of the alignment analysis showed that nucleotide sequence similarities among the five GoAstV isolates were around 97.4–98.8%, 98.6–100%, 98.1–99.8%, and 96.7–100% for the whole genome, ORF1a, ORF1b, and ORF2, respectively. …”

Propagation of GABA-induced hyperpolarization at the axon regulates AP generation. by Yang Xia (104600)

“…Right, group data showing a decrease in the mean frequency of APs after GABA iontophoresis at the axon trunk. **, P<0.01, paired t-test. …”

Emergence of New Nitrogen-Rich Compounds in Lead–Nitrogen Phase Diagram Under Pressure by Sylvain Pitié (12010033)

“…In this study, we employed a variable-composition evolutionary algorithm in conjunction with first-principles calculations to perform a comprehensive structural search for the Pb–N binary system under pressure and determine a hyperfine pressure–composition phase diagram. …”

Data_Sheet_1_Association Between Iron Status and Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease in Chinese Adults.pdf by Yongjian Zhu (6562817)

“…</p><p>Results: For the association between iron status and eGFR, every 100 μg/L increase in SF was correlated with 0.26 ml/min per 1.73 m² (95% CI: 0.08–0.44) decrease in eGFR, and every 5 mg/L increase in sTfR was associated with a decrease of 6.00 ml/min per 1.73 m² (95% CI: 3.79–8.21) in eGFR. …”

The Prawn <i>Macrobrachium vollenhovenii</i> in the Senegal River Basin: Towards Sustainable Restocking of All-Male Populations for Biological Control of Schistosomiasis by Amit Savaya Alkalay (622986)

“…We, therefore, expect that periodic restocking of all-male juveniles will decrease the prevalence of schistosomiasis and increase villagers' welfare. …”

CD31 staining results. by Ahmed El Kaffas (552465)

“…We noted a non-significant, but near doubling of CD31 staining in animals treated with Dll4 mAb only. …”

Gause's Principle and the Effect of Resource Partitioning on the Dynamical Coexistence of Replicating Templates by András Szilágyi (2490475)

“…Stability of fixed-point coexistence tends to decrease with the length of sequences, although this effect is unlikely to be detrimental for sequences below 100 nucleotides. …”