Evolution of objective function. by Serdar Ekinci (15927455)

“…Comparative assessments against existing optimization algorithms and recent techniques confirm QWGBO’s superior performance. …”

Flowchart of improved FOX optimization algorithm. by Mahmood A. Jumaah (22272371)

“…Additionally, it achieved 880 wins, 228 ties, and 348 losses against 16 optimization algorithms across all involved functions and problems. …”

Observed adjusted Rand index for one-replicate simulations (with AR(1), <i>ρ</i> = 0.5, <i>σ</i>² = 0.1) against the number of clusters <i>K</i> = 3, 6, 9, 12 (on the ho... by Susana Conde (5495675)

Explained variance ration of the PCA algorithm. by Abeer Aljohani (18497914)

“…<div><p>Chest X-ray image classification plays an important role in medical diagnostics. Machine learning algorithms enhanced the performance of these classification algorithms by introducing advance techniques. …”

Main parameters of braking system. by Honglei Pang (22693724)

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Simulation Results Plot of the SBW System Response: (a) Step response curve of the SBW system; (b) Sine response curve of the SBW system; (c) Steady state error curve of the SBW sy... by Honglei Pang (22693724)

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EMB and SBW system structure. by Honglei Pang (22693724)

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Raw data. by Honglei Pang (22693724)

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Braking performance and lateral stability on low-adhesion road surfaces: (a)Vehicle velocity; (b) Braking distance; (c) Lateral displacement; (d) Lateral acceleration; (e)Vehicle s... by Honglei Pang (22693724)

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Code program. by Honglei Pang (22693724)

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The HIL simulation data flowchart. by Honglei Pang (22693724)

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Braking performance and lateral stability on curved road surfaces: (a)Vehicle velocity; (b) Braking distance; (c) Lateral displacement; (d) Lateral acceleration; (e)Vehicle sidesli... by Honglei Pang (22693724)

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Steering system model. by Honglei Pang (22693724)

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Braking performance and lateral stability on split-μ road surfaces: (a)Vehicle velocity; (b) Braking distance; (c) Lateral displacement; (d) Lateral acceleration; (e)Vehicle sidesl... by Honglei Pang (22693724)

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Simulation Results Plot of the EMB System Response: (a) Step response curve of the EMB system; (b) Sine response curve of the EMB system; (c) Steady state error curve of the EMB sy... by Honglei Pang (22693724)

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Hyperparameter Configurations in PPO Training. by Honglei Pang (22693724)

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Main parameters of steering system. by Honglei Pang (22693724)

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HIL test results of low-adhesion road: (a)Vehicle velocity; (b) Braking distance; (c) Lateral displacement; (d) Lateral acceleration; (e)Vehicle sideslip angle; (f) Yaw rate. by Honglei Pang (22693724)

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Co-simulation architecture. by Honglei Pang (22693724)

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Overall framework diagram of the study. by Honglei Pang (22693724)

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