A parabolic relationship between prediction errors and learning rates obtained by a cubic learning algorithm. by Boluwatife Ikwunne (22238697)

Comparison of UACI among different algorithms. by Feixian Liu (22477943)

“…Based on the 2D-SQSM, this paper further designs a highly robust color image encryption algorithm. First, by introducing different hash functions multiple times, the correlation between the key and plaintext is enhanced, significantly improving resistance against brute-force attacks; second, cyclic shifting and segmentation-recombination operations are applied separately to the three RGB channels to effectively disrupt pixel distribution and significantly reduce spatial correlation between pixels; finally, the chaotic sequence generated by the 2D-SQSM is utilized for XOR diffusion, further enhancing the randomness and diffusion capability of the ciphertext. …”

Comparison of NPCR among different algorithms. by Feixian Liu (22477943)

“…Based on the 2D-SQSM, this paper further designs a highly robust color image encryption algorithm. First, by introducing different hash functions multiple times, the correlation between the key and plaintext is enhanced, significantly improving resistance against brute-force attacks; second, cyclic shifting and segmentation-recombination operations are applied separately to the three RGB channels to effectively disrupt pixel distribution and significantly reduce spatial correlation between pixels; finally, the chaotic sequence generated by the 2D-SQSM is utilized for XOR diffusion, further enhancing the randomness and diffusion capability of the ciphertext. …”

Results obtained by different algorithms on 23 benchmark functions. by Yuqi Xiong (12343771)

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Convergence curves obtained by different algorithms on 23 benchmark functions. by Yuqi Xiong (12343771)

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Different algorithms in 23 benchmark functions to obtain partial boxplot. by Yuqi Xiong (12343771)

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Results obtained by different algorithms on CEC2022 benchmark functions. by Yuqi Xiong (12343771)

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Convergence curves obtained by different algorithms on CEC2022 benchmark functions. by Yuqi Xiong (12343771)

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Flowchart of proposed fitness function algorithm. by Ferhat Yuna (21519851)

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Scenarios for algorithms using IEEE 33 bus. by Bachirou Bogno (20485724)

Scenarios for algorithms using IEEE 69 bus. by Bachirou Bogno (20485724)

The parameters of algorithms. by Le Huu Binh (18340233)

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SP results of algorithms in the CEC 2009 test functions. by Vahid Goodarzimehr (21343124)

MS results of algorithms in the CEC 2009 test functions. by Vahid Goodarzimehr (21343124)

Optimization algorithms performance comparison across benchmark functions. by Sundreen Asad Kamal (20390818)

Compare algorithm parameter settings. by Yuqi Xiong (12343771)

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Hash function construct used in SKINNY-tk3-hash. by Sonal Arvind Barge (20454967)

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Flowchart of DAPF-RRT algorithm. by Zhenggang Wang (1753657)

Subjects: “…target gravitational function…”

Performance comparison of different algorithms. by Zhenggang Wang (1753657)

Subjects: “…target gravitational function…”

Algorithm for constructing Boot-t CIs. by Qin Gong (118801)

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