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Quantum pipeline workflow overview.
Published 2023“…A well-known locality technique is the <i>k</i>-nearest neighbors (<i>k</i>-NN) algorithm, of which several quantum variants have been proposed; nevertheless, they have not been employed yet as a preliminary step of other QML models. …”
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142
The Pseudo-Code of the IRBMO Algorithm.
Published 2025“…In order to comprehensively verify the performance of IRBMO, this paper designs a series of experiments to compare it with nine mainstream binary optimization algorithms. The experiments are based on 12 medical datasets, and the results show that IRBMO achieves optimal overall performance in key metrics such as fitness value, classification accuracy and specificity. …”
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143
Presentation_1_Classification of expert-level therapeutic decisions for degenerative cervical myelopathy using ensemble machine learning algorithms.pdf
Published 2022“…We performed the following classifications using ML algorithms: multiclass, one-versus-rest, and one-versus-one. …”
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Data_Sheet_1_Multiclass Classification Based on Combined Motor Imageries.pdf
Published 2020“…The proposed multilabel approaches convert the original 8-class problem into a set of three binary problems to facilitate the use of the CSP algorithm. …”
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147
<i>hi</i>PRS algorithm process flow.
Published 2023“…<b>(B)</b> Focusing on the positive class only, the algorithm exploits FIM (<i>apriori</i> algorithm) to build a list of candidate interactions of any desired order, retaining those that have an empirical frequency above a given threshold <i>δ</i>. …”
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148
Algoritmo de clasificación de expresiones de odio por tipos en español (Algorithm for classifying hate expressions by type in Spanish)
Published 2024“…</p><h2>Model Architecture</h2><p dir="ltr">The model is based on <code>pysentimiento/robertuito-base-uncased</code> with the following modifications:</p><ul><li>A dense classification layer was added over the base model</li><li>Uses input IDs and attention masks as inputs</li><li>Generates a multi-class classification with 5 hate categories</li></ul><h2>Dataset</h2><p dir="ltr"><b>HATEMEDIA Dataset</b>: Custom hate speech dataset with categorization by type:</p><ul><li><b>Labels</b>: 5 hate type categories (0-4)</li><li><b>Preprocessing</b>:</li><li>Null values removed from text and labels</li><li>Reindexing and relabeling (original labels are adjusted by subtracting 1)</li><li>Exclusion of category 2 during training</li><li>Conversion of category 5 to category 2</li></ul><h2>Training Process</h2><h3>Configuration</h3><ul><li><b>Batch size</b>: 128</li><li><b>Epoches</b>: 5</li><li><b>Learning rate</b>: 2e-5 with 10% warmup steps</li><li><b>Early stopping</b> with patience=2</li><li><b>Class weights</b>: Balanced to handle class imbalance</li></ul><h3>Custom Metrics</h3><ul><li>Recall for specific classes (focus on class 2)</li><li>Precision for specific classes (focus on class 3)</li><li>F1-score (weighted)</li><li>AUC-PR</li><li>Recall at precision=0.6 (class 3)</li><li>Precision at recall=0.6 (class 2)</li></ul><h2>Evaluation Metrics</h2><p dir="ltr">The model is evaluated using:</p><ul><li>Macro recall, precision, and F1-score</li><li>One-vs-Rest AUC</li><li>Accuracy</li><li>Per-class metrics</li><li>Confusion matrix</li><li>Full classification report</li></ul><h2>Technical Features</h2><h3>Data Preprocessing</h3><ul><li><b>Tokenization</b>: Maximum length of 128 tokens (truncation and padding)</li><li><b>Encoding of labels</b>: One-hot encoding for multi-class classification</li><li><b>Data split</b>: 80% training, 10% validation, 10% testing</li></ul><h3>Optimization</h3><ul><li><b>Optimizer</b>: Adam with linear warmup scheduling</li><li><b>Loss function</b>: Categorical Crossentropy (from_logits=True)</li><li><b>Imbalance handling</b>: Class weights computed automatically</li></ul><h2>Requirements</h2><p dir="ltr">The following Python packages are required:</p><ul><li>TensorFlow</li><li>Transformers</li><li>scikit-learn</li><li>pandas</li><li>datasets</li><li>matplotlib</li><li>seaborn</li><li>numpy</li></ul><h2>Usage</h2><ol><li><b>Data format</b>:</li></ol><ul><li>CSV file or Pandas DataFrame</li><li>Required column name: <code>text</code> (string type)</li><li>Required column name: Data type label (integer type, 0-4) - optional for evaluation</li></ul><ol><li><b>Text preprocessing</b>:</li></ol><ul><li>Automatic tokenization with a maximum length of 128 tokens</li><li>Long texts will be automatically truncated</li><li>Handling of special characters, URLs, and emojis included</li></ul><ol><li><b>Label encoding</b>:</li></ol><ul><li>The model classifies hate speech into 5 categories (0-4)</li><li><code>0</code>: Political hatred: Expressions directed against individuals or groups based on political orientation.…”
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IRBMO vs. meta-heuristic algorithms boxplot.
Published 2025“…In order to comprehensively verify the performance of IRBMO, this paper designs a series of experiments to compare it with nine mainstream binary optimization algorithms. The experiments are based on 12 medical datasets, and the results show that IRBMO achieves optimal overall performance in key metrics such as fitness value, classification accuracy and specificity. …”
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151
IRBMO vs. feature selection algorithm boxplot.
Published 2025“…In order to comprehensively verify the performance of IRBMO, this paper designs a series of experiments to compare it with nine mainstream binary optimization algorithms. The experiments are based on 12 medical datasets, and the results show that IRBMO achieves optimal overall performance in key metrics such as fitness value, classification accuracy and specificity. …”
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Natural language processing and machine learning algorithm to identify brain MRI reports with acute ischemic stroke
Published 2019“…</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Supervised ML based NLP algorithms are useful for automatic classification of brain MRI reports for identification of AIS patients. …”
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154
Data_Sheet_1_Deep learning-based ultrasonographic classification of canine chronic kidney disease.docx
Published 2024“…The training scenarios consisted of multi-class classification, categorization of images into IRIS stages, and four binary classifications based on specific IRIS stages. …”
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Supplementary file 1_Comparative evaluation of fast-learning classification algorithms for urban forest tree species identification using EO-1 hyperion hyperspectral imagery.docx
Published 2025“…</p>Methods<p>Thirteen supervised classification algorithms were comparatively evaluated, encompassing traditional spectral/statistical classifiers—Maximum Likelihood, Mahalanobis Distance, Minimum Distance, Parallelepiped, Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM), Spectral Information Divergence (SID), and Binary Encoding—and machine learning algorithms including Decision Tree (DT), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). …”
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Data_Sheet_1_Deep Learning-Based Classification of GAD67-Positive Neurons Without the Immunosignal.pdf
Published 2021“…We then sought to detect GAD67-positive neurons without GAD67 immunosignals using a custom-made deep learning-based algorithm. Using this deep learning-based model, we succeeded in the binary classification of the neurons using Nissl and NeuN signals without referring to the GAD67 signals. …”
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