Search alternatives:
based optimization » whale optimization (Expand Search)
wolf optimization » whale optimization (Expand Search), swarm optimization (Expand Search), _ optimization (Expand Search)
primary river » primary driver (Expand Search), primary drivers (Expand Search), primary role (Expand Search)
binary basic » binary mask (Expand Search)
river based » river basin (Expand Search), river basins (Expand Search)
based optimization » whale optimization (Expand Search)
wolf optimization » whale optimization (Expand Search), swarm optimization (Expand Search), _ optimization (Expand Search)
primary river » primary driver (Expand Search), primary drivers (Expand Search), primary role (Expand Search)
binary basic » binary mask (Expand Search)
river based » river basin (Expand Search), river basins (Expand Search)
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Results of Comprehensive weighting.
Published 2025“…This study proposes an explainable deep learning framework, the Improved Kepler Optimization Algorithm-Convolutional Neural Network-Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit-Attention (IKOA-CNN-BiGRU-Attention) model, for precise debris flow hazard prediction in the Yunnan section of the Nujiang River Basin, China. …”
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The prediction error of each model.
Published 2025“…This study proposes an explainable deep learning framework, the Improved Kepler Optimization Algorithm-Convolutional Neural Network-Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit-Attention (IKOA-CNN-BiGRU-Attention) model, for precise debris flow hazard prediction in the Yunnan section of the Nujiang River Basin, China. …”
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VIF analysis results for hazard-causing factors.
Published 2025“…This study proposes an explainable deep learning framework, the Improved Kepler Optimization Algorithm-Convolutional Neural Network-Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit-Attention (IKOA-CNN-BiGRU-Attention) model, for precise debris flow hazard prediction in the Yunnan section of the Nujiang River Basin, China. …”
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Benchmark function information.
Published 2025“…This study proposes an explainable deep learning framework, the Improved Kepler Optimization Algorithm-Convolutional Neural Network-Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit-Attention (IKOA-CNN-BiGRU-Attention) model, for precise debris flow hazard prediction in the Yunnan section of the Nujiang River Basin, China. …”
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Geographical distribution of the study area.
Published 2025“…This study proposes an explainable deep learning framework, the Improved Kepler Optimization Algorithm-Convolutional Neural Network-Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit-Attention (IKOA-CNN-BiGRU-Attention) model, for precise debris flow hazard prediction in the Yunnan section of the Nujiang River Basin, China. …”
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Results for model hyperparameter values.
Published 2025“…This study proposes an explainable deep learning framework, the Improved Kepler Optimization Algorithm-Convolutional Neural Network-Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit-Attention (IKOA-CNN-BiGRU-Attention) model, for precise debris flow hazard prediction in the Yunnan section of the Nujiang River Basin, China. …”
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Flow chart of this study.
Published 2025“…This study proposes an explainable deep learning framework, the Improved Kepler Optimization Algorithm-Convolutional Neural Network-Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit-Attention (IKOA-CNN-BiGRU-Attention) model, for precise debris flow hazard prediction in the Yunnan section of the Nujiang River Basin, China. …”
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Stability analysis of each model.
Published 2025“…This study proposes an explainable deep learning framework, the Improved Kepler Optimization Algorithm-Convolutional Neural Network-Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit-Attention (IKOA-CNN-BiGRU-Attention) model, for precise debris flow hazard prediction in the Yunnan section of the Nujiang River Basin, China. …”
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Robustness Analysis of each model.
Published 2025“…This study proposes an explainable deep learning framework, the Improved Kepler Optimization Algorithm-Convolutional Neural Network-Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit-Attention (IKOA-CNN-BiGRU-Attention) model, for precise debris flow hazard prediction in the Yunnan section of the Nujiang River Basin, China. …”
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CIAHS-Data.xls
Published 2025“…This method identifies inherent natural grouping points within the data through the Jenks optimization algorithm, maximizing between-class differences while minimizing within-class differences37. …”