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design optimization » bayesian optimization (Expand Search)
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Table 1_Heavy metal biomarkers and their impact on hearing loss risk: a machine learning framework analysis.docx
Published 2025“…Demographic, clinical, and heavy metal biomarker data (e.g., blood lead and cadmium levels) were analyzed as features, with hearing loss status—defined as a pure-tone average threshold exceeding 25 dB HL across 500, 1,000, 2000, and 4,000 Hz in the better ear—serving as the binary outcome. …”